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An Update On The Short Term Impacts Of Covid 19 On The Malawian Economy 2020 2021
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Book Synopsis An update on the short-term impacts of COVID-19 on the Malawian economy, 2020–2021 by : Baulch, Bob
Download or read book An update on the short-term impacts of COVID-19 on the Malawian economy, 2020–2021 written by Baulch, Bob and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-05-04 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The short-term impacts of COVID-19 on the Malawian economy 2020-2021: A SAM multiplier modeling analysis by : Baulch, Bob
Download or read book The short-term impacts of COVID-19 on the Malawian economy 2020-2021: A SAM multiplier modeling analysis written by Baulch, Bob and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-12-21 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This working paper builds on a report which was prepared for the 2020 ECAMA Lakeshore Conference in November 2020. It extends and updates the initial results of modeling undertaken by the International Food Policy Research Institute to assess the short-run impacts of COVID-19 control measures on the Malawian economy. We also consider the short-run effects of external shocks associated with disruptions in trade and tourism, investment, and remittance flows on the Malawian economy, as well as two medium-term paths assuming either faster or slower recovery during the remainder of 2020 and 2021. Using a Social Accounting Matrix multiplier model, we estimate GDP declines by around 16.5 percent during April/May 2020 due to social distancing measures. This leads to around 1.6 million people, mainly in rural areas, temporarily falling into poverty, although urban households suffer the largest income losses. We also model the impact of a faster and a slower lifting of restrictions and external shocks during the remainder of 2020 and 2021. With faster easing of restrictions, cumulative GDP gains turn positive by the third quarter of 2021 under the fast recovery scenario and exceed their pre-COVID-19 levels by US$178 million before the end of 2021. However, under the slow recovery scenario, Malawi’s GDP continues to decline until the end of 2020 before recovering during quarters 1 and 4 of 2021. However, this is not sufficient to wipe out the losses in quarters 2 to 4 of 2020, resulting in cumulative losses under the slow recovery scenario of US$332 million over the two years. Relative to the without COVID-19 scenario, US$937 million of GDP is lost under the fast recovery scenario and US$1,447 million under the slow recovery one. As both the development of the COVID-19 pandemic and the economic situation in Malawi are highly uncertain at the present time, the results reported in this paper should be regarded as interim estimates, which are subject to revision as the underlying health and economic data change.
Book Synopsis The short-term impacts of COVID-19 on the Malawian economy, 2020–2021: A SAM multiplier modeling analysis by : Baulch, Bob
Download or read book The short-term impacts of COVID-19 on the Malawian economy, 2020–2021: A SAM multiplier modeling analysis written by Baulch, Bob and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-11-21 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper has been written for the 2020 ECAMA Lakeshore Conference. It extends and updates the initial results of modeling undertaken by IFPRI to assess the short-run impacts of COVID-19 control measures on the Malawian economy. We also consider the short-run effects of external shocks associated with disruptions in trade and tourism, investment, and remittance flows on the Malawian economy, as well as two medium- erm paths assuming either faster or slower recovery during the remainder of 2020 and 2021. Using a SAM multiplier model, we estimate GDP declines by around 16.5 percent during April/May 2020 due to social distancing measures. This leads to around 1.6 million people, mainly in rural areas, temporarily falling into poverty, although urban households suffer the largest income losses.
Book Synopsis Short-term impacts of COVID-19 on the Malawian economy: Initial results by : Baulch, Bob
Download or read book Short-term impacts of COVID-19 on the Malawian economy: Initial results written by Baulch, Bob and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-06-29 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Report describes the initial results of modeling undertaken by IFPRI to assess the short-run impacts of the COVID-19 control measures on the Malawian economy. We also consider the short-run effects of external shocks associated with disruptions in trade, investment, and remittance flows on the Malawian economy, as well as two medium-term paths assuming either faster or slower recovery during the remainder of 2020. This analysis has been undertaken in order to inform the policy response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi and represents a first pass attempt to measure the short-term economic impacts of COVID-19 on the Malawian economic. It should be noted that, unlike NPC (2020) our estimates of the economic impact of the COVID-19 on the Malawian economy do not extend beyond 2020 and do not try to set a value on loss of life or life-years. They do, however, allow for detailed breakdown of the direct and indirect impacts of COVID-19 on different sectors and sub-sectors of the Malawian economy.
Book Synopsis The short-run economic costs of COVID-19 in developing countries in 2020: A synthesis of results from a multi-country modeling exercise by : Pauw, Karl
Download or read book The short-run economic costs of COVID-19 in developing countries in 2020: A synthesis of results from a multi-country modeling exercise written by Pauw, Karl and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-06-04 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As COVID-19 spread across the globe in early 2020, governments had to make difficult policy choices to balance the socioeconomic costs of social distancing and lockdown measures, on the one hand, and the human costs of increased morbidity and mortality of an unchecked pandemic, on the other. The challenge was particularly daunting for developing countries with their often illequipped and underfunded health systems coupled with general skepticism about the effectiveness of economic restrictions to curb viral spread, especially in densely populated informal urban communities (The Economist 2020). Poorer developing country populations also tend to be less resilient to income shocks, while the social protection measures needed to mitigate against income losses are costly. With developing country governments already heavily indebted before the pandemic (Onyekwena and Ekeruche 2019), and with further anticipated losses in tax revenues due to COVID-related economic restrictions, their ability to finance palliative measures without sacrificing much-needed, longer-term public investments has remained a major concern.
Book Synopsis OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2020 Issue 1 by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2020 Issue 1 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD Economic Outlook is the OECD's twice-yearly analysis of the major economic trends and prospects for the next two years. This issue includes a general assessment of the macroeconomic situation, a series of notes on the macroeconomic and structural policy issues related to the COVID-19 outbreak and a chapter summarising developments and providing projections for each individual country.
Book Synopsis Resilience in the Malawi agri-food system amid the COVID-19 crisis: Evidence from a 2021 nationally representative household survey by : Ragasa, Catherine
Download or read book Resilience in the Malawi agri-food system amid the COVID-19 crisis: Evidence from a 2021 nationally representative household survey written by Ragasa, Catherine and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2022-03-30 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a farm-level analysis of the effects of the COVID-19 crisis, 12–15 months in, using a nationally representative rural household survey conducted in June–July 2021. We draw three major observations from the survey. First, farming activities, access to inputs and extension services, production, and sales were largely unaffected by the crisis. There were temporary challenges in accessing inputs during lockdown and mobility restrictions, and input prices and transportation costs increased; however, production and sales volume and value were largely unaffected. Second, although farming was not affected, other nonfarm livelihoods of a large proportion of farmers were negatively affected because of lower demand and fewer buyers. Eighty-two percent of rural households were engaged in various nonfarm livelihoods, and 32 percent reported negative impacts of the crisis on their nonfarm incomes. Third, direct responses from sample households indicate no negative impacts of the crisis on food access and food consumption by most rural households. Comparisons between 2018 and 2021 of various food security indicators show improvements in food access and dietary diversity. Improvements are likely attributable to better harvests overall and greater awareness of the need to eat healthy and nutritious foods to combat COVID-19 and other diseases. Results show overall resilience of rural households and the agriculture sector amid the COVID-19 crisis. Nonetheless, the survey was conducted right after harvest, and the situation needs to be monitored during the lean season.
Book Synopsis COVID-19 in rural Malawi: Perceived risks and economic impacts rounds 1-4 by : Leavens, Laura
Download or read book COVID-19 in rural Malawi: Perceived risks and economic impacts rounds 1-4 written by Leavens, Laura and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-12-13 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project note discusses findings from a panel phone survey in Malawi in which respondents were asked about their perceptions of the risks and impacts of COVID-19. Previous findings from the first and second rounds of the survey were discussed in two previous project notes. This note focuses on changes in indicators across rounds, using only panel households. The panel comprises households in eight rural districts in Malawi who were interviewed four times between July 2020 and July 2021. This study builds on a survey originally designed to measure seasonal changes in labor activities. However, as the pandemic spread, the survey was modified to include questions about COVID-19’s risks and impacts on their lives.
Book Synopsis COVID-19 in rural Malawi: Perceived risks and economic impacts round 2 by : Ambler, Kate
Download or read book COVID-19 in rural Malawi: Perceived risks and economic impacts round 2 written by Ambler, Kate and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-03-23 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This note summarizes perceptions of COVID-19 impacts and risks from a panel phone survey of rural households in eight districts in rural Malawi. While the results from the first round conducted in August 2020 were reported in a previous brief, this note will focus on the evolution of indicators from round 1 to round 2, conducted in November 2020. The sample comprises 833 households interviewed in both survey rounds. Two additional follow-up survey rounds are planned for 2021. The survey was originally designed to measure the seasonality of labor activities but was adjusted to assess COVID-19 impacts and perceptions in rural Malawi. Though initial concern of the impact of COVID-19 on Malawi was high at the start of the global pandemic, case numbers stayed relatively low through the end of 2020. Seven-day averages of 50-100 cases during the first survey round had dropped to under 5 in the fourth quarter of the year. Our analysis will examine how people’s perceptions evolved during this period of low infections.
Book Synopsis COVID-19 in rural Malawi: Perceived risks and economic impacts by : Ambler, Kate
Download or read book COVID-19 in rural Malawi: Perceived risks and economic impacts written by Ambler, Kate and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malawi reported its first case of COVID-19 in April and declared a national emergency. Schools, bars and restaurants were closed, international flights suspended, and the economy faced considerable disruptions: quarterly growth projections from July were cut by more than 60% (Saldarriaga Noel et al. 2020). While still concerning, compared to other countries and other parts of the world, the spread of this disease in Malawi has been relatively modest with 5,951 confirmed cases and 184 COVID-19 linked deaths as of November 8, 2020. After accelerating rates of infection in June and July, the rates have decreased over the last two months.1 In response, there has been a partial return to normalcy, marked by easing COVID-19 restrictions and the reopening of schools at the beginning of September, even while the future trajectory of the disease remains unknown.
Book Synopsis Building more resilient food systems: Lessons and policy recommendations from the COVID-19 pandemic by : McDermott, John
Download or read book Building more resilient food systems: Lessons and policy recommendations from the COVID-19 pandemic written by McDermott, John and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two years in, the long-term health and economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic continue to influence poverty, food systems, and food security. Drawing on CGIAR research on the COVID-19 pandemic thus far, this brief presents key lessons learned and policy recommendations to inform decision-making processes around managing risks, addressing structural vulnerabilities, and building resilient and sustainable food systems.
Book Synopsis OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2011 Issue 1 by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2011 Issue 1 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2011-07-18 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to the usual macroeconomic and country assessments and statistical annex with projection data, this issue of the OECD Economic Outlook also includes special chapters on the persistence of high unemployment and drivers and vulnerabilities associated with international capital flows.
Book Synopsis Assessing the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the livelihoods of rural people by : Sitko, N., Knowles M., Viberti, F., Bordi, D.
Download or read book Assessing the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the livelihoods of rural people written by Sitko, N., Knowles M., Viberti, F., Bordi, D. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2022-03-14 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we focus specifically on differences in the welfare impacts of COVID-19 on rural livelihoods between countries using nationally representative data that we disaggregate by food system typology. This typology captures key structural differences in the organization of rural economies and the vulnerabilities to rural livelihoods due to the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdown measures. In particular, we draw on household survey data collected from 54 countries through the World Bank’s COVID-19 High Frequency Monitoring Dashboard to generate descriptive data on COVID-19 impacts in rural areas across three dimensions: income, coping strategies and food security. These descriptive data are disaggregated into four food system categories and contextualized and validated through a systematic review of rigorous, survey-based studies of COVID-19 impacts in rural areas. Through this analysis, the report provides insights on how COVID-19 is influencing rural livelihoods, how its impacts vary between countries and food system typologies, and, ultimately, how policymakers and the international community need to respond in order to foster an inclusive and sustainable recovery.
Author :International Monetary Fund Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1513571559 Total Pages :122 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (135 download)
Book Synopsis Fiscal Monitor, April 2021 by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Fiscal Monitor, April 2021 written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-04-07 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The April 2021 edition of the Fiscal Monitor focuses on tailoring fiscal responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and adopting policies to reduce inequality and gaps
Book Synopsis Socio-economic and cultural impacts of COVID-19 on Africa by : UNESCO
Download or read book Socio-economic and cultural impacts of COVID-19 on Africa written by UNESCO and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2020-07-21 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Universal Food Security by : Glenn Denning
Download or read book Universal Food Security written by Glenn Denning and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2023-01-03 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What would it take to achieve a genuinely food-secure world—one without hunger or malnutrition, where everyone gets to consume the right quantity and quality of food to live a healthy, active, and productive life? Bringing about such a future requires transforming how our food is grown, managed, and distributed. From production to consumption, food systems must be sustainable, halting environmental degradation and even repairing the damage we have previously done. This book provides an accessible guide to making healthy diets from sustainable food systems available to all. Glenn Denning bridges the divisive worlds of science, policy, and practice. He synthesizes the most relevant literature and shares personal perspectives and insights gained over four decades working in more than fifty countries, coupled with the real-world experience of hundreds of leading experts. Universal Food Security lays out key priorities—sustainable intensification, market infrastructure, postharvest stewardship, healthy diets, and social protection—and presents how to achieve food systems transformation. Denning identifies the education and development of practitioner-leaders as the critical trigger of change. Universal Food Security informs and inspires those leaders—acting on their own and with others through institutions—to achieve a food-secure world. This book is an ideal handbook for students and practitioners looking to transform our food systems at all levels.
Book Synopsis The Short-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Labor Markets, Poverty and Inequality in Brazil by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book The Short-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Labor Markets, Poverty and Inequality in Brazil written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-05 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We document the short-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Brazilian labor market focusing on employment, wages and hours worked using the nationally representative household surveys PNAD-Continua and PNAD COVID. Sectors most susceptible to the shock because they are more contact-intensive and less teleworkable, such as construction, domestic services and hospitality, suffered large job losses and reductions in hours. Given low income workers experienced the largest decline in earnings, extreme poverty and the Gini coefficient based on labor income increased by around 9.2 and 5 percentage points, respectively, due to the immediate shock. The government’s broad based, temporary Emergency Aid transfer program more than offset the labor income losses for the bottom four deciles, however, such that poverty relative to the pre-COVID baseline fell. At a cost of around 4 percent of GDP in 2020 such support is not fiscally sustainable beyond the short-term and ended in late 2020. The challenge will be to avoid a sharp increase in poverty and inequality if the labor market does not pick up sufficiently fast in 2021.
