Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
An Investigation Of The Distribution Of Ozone Depleting Substances In The Upper Troposphere And Lower Stratosphere
Download An Investigation Of The Distribution Of Ozone Depleting Substances In The Upper Troposphere And Lower Stratosphere full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online An Investigation Of The Distribution Of Ozone Depleting Substances In The Upper Troposphere And Lower Stratosphere ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis An Investigation of the Distribution of Ozone-depleting Substances in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere by : Felicia Kolonjari
Download or read book An Investigation of the Distribution of Ozone-depleting Substances in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere written by Felicia Kolonjari and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stratospheric transport in global circulation models and chemistry-climate models is an important component in simulating the recovery of the ozone layer as well as changes in the climate system. The Brewer-Dobson Circulation is not well constrained by observations and further investigation is required to resolve uncertainties related to the mechanisms driving the circulation. This work has assessed the specified dynamics mode of the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (CMAM30) by comparing its output to the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) profile measurements of CFC-11, CFC-12, HCFC-22, and N2O. In the CMAM30 simulation, the meteorological fields were nudged using the ERA-Interim Reanalysis and a specified tracer was employed for each halocarbon species, with hemispherically-defined surface measurements used as the boundary condition. This modified halocarbon experiment is known as CMAM30HR. A comprehensive sampling technique along the line-of-sight of the ACE-FTS measurements has been utilized to allow for direct comparisons between the simulated and measured tracer concentrations. Stratospheric transport has been investigated using CFC-11, CFC-12, and N2O. The model consistently overpredicts the concentrations of these tracers in the lower stratosphere, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere winter and spring seasons. The three mixing barriers investigated, namely the polar vortex, the extratropical tropopause, and the tropical pipe, show that there are inconsistencies between the measurements and the simulations. It was found that the simulation under- predicts mixing efficiency in the tropical lower stratosphere during the June-July-August season. The CMAM30HR simulations and the ACE-FTS measurements of HCFC-22 have also been evaluated. ACE-FTS HCFC-22 observations exhibit a small low bias compared to instruments that use a similar measurement technique. However, when compared to in situ measurements, ACE-FTS exhibits a high bias. In general, CMAM30HR exhibits a low concentration bias below approximately 70−30 hPa and a high bias above 30 hPa compared to ACE-FTS. However, the HCFC-22 comparison reveals a peak in differences between approximately 100 hPa and 50 hPa that is not consistent with the previous comparisons of halocarbon concentrations; potential explanations of the discrepancy are discussed. The most recently available ACE-FTS data are also presented and discussed.
Book Synopsis Twenty Questions and Answers about the Ozone Layer by : Michaela I. Hegglin
Download or read book Twenty Questions and Answers about the Ozone Layer written by Michaela I. Hegglin and published by . This book was released on 2017-03 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stratospheric Ozone written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Climate Change by : Rolf Müller (physicien.)
Download or read book Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Climate Change written by Rolf Müller (physicien.) and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2012 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, several new concepts have emerged in the field of stratospheric ozone depletion, creating a need for a concise in-depth publication covering the ozone-climate issue. This monograph fills that void in the literature and gives detailed treatment of recent advances in the field of stratospheric ozone depletion. It puts particular emphasis on the coupling between changes in the ozone layer and atmospheric change caused by a changing climate. The book, written by leading experts in the field, brings the reader the most recent research in this area and fills the gap between advanced textbooks and assessments.
Book Synopsis Ozone in the Troposphere and Stratosphere, Part 1 by :
Download or read book Ozone in the Troposphere and Stratosphere, Part 1 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Climate Change by : Rolf Muller
Download or read book Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Climate Change written by Rolf Muller and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2011-11-22 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, several new concepts have emerged in the field of stratospheric ozone depletion, creating a need for a concise in-depth publication covering the ozone-climate issue. This monograph fills that void in the literature and gives detailed treatment of recent advances in the field of stratospheric ozone depletion. It puts particular emphasis on the coupling between changes in the ozone layer and atmospheric change caused by a changing climate. The book, written by leading experts in the field, brings the reader the most recent research in this area and fills the gap between advanced textbooks and assessments.
Author :National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Atmospheric Sciences Publisher :National Academies ISBN 13 : Total Pages :40 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (41 download)
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Ozone Studies by : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Atmospheric Sciences
Download or read book Atmospheric Ozone Studies written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Atmospheric Sciences and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1966 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Present State of Knowledge of the Upper Atmosphere by : R. T. Watson
Download or read book Present State of Knowledge of the Upper Atmosphere written by R. T. Watson and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physical, chemical, and radiative processes which control the spatial and temporal distribution of ozone in the atmosphere; the predicted magnitude of ozone perturbations and climate changes for a variety of trace gas scenarios; and the ozone and temperature data used to detect the presence or absence of a long term trend were discussed.
Book Synopsis Lagrangian Modeling of the Atmosphere by : John Lin
Download or read book Lagrangian Modeling of the Atmosphere written by John Lin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-09 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 200. Trajectory-based (“Lagrangian”) atmospheric transport and dispersion modeling has gained in popularity and sophistication over the previous several decades. It is common practice now for researchers around the world to apply Lagrangian models to a wide spectrum of issues. Lagrangian Modeling of the Atmosphere is a comprehensive volume that includes sections on Lagrangian modeling theory, model applications, and tests against observations. Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series. Comprehensive coverage of trajectory-based atmospheric dispersion modeling Important overview of a widely used modeling tool Sections look at modeling theory, application of models, and tests against observations
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Protection of the Ozone Layer written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book MARGO written by M. Kucera and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-04-10 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MARGO - Multiproxy Approach for the Reconstruction of the Glacial Ocean surface summarizes the results of the MARGO international working group, with the aim to develop an updated and harmonised reconstruction of sea surface temperatures and sea-ice extent of the Last Glacial Maximum oceans. The MARGO approach differs from previous efforts by developing and consistently applying measures of various aspects of reconstruction reliability, and by combining faunal and geochemical proxies. In 14 papers, the volume provides a comprehensive review of earlier work and a series of new, proxy-specific reconstructions based on census counts of planktonic foraminifera, diatoms, radiolaria and dinoflagellate cysts as well as on Mg/Ca measurements in planktonic foraminifera. The approach of harmonising the calibration and application of different proxies is described in detail, various paleothermometry techniques and their results are compared and the challenge of treating sparsely sampled data as the basis for ocean circulation models is addressed. The use of stable oxygen isotope composition of foraminiferal shells as a proxy for past sea water composition is comprehensively reassessed, and a new approach to the transfer function paleothermometer is presented. This volume represents a landmark contribution to the understanding of ice-age oceanography as well as the proxies used to reconstruct past ocean states. The results will form the basis for forcing and validation of ocean circulation models. New regional reconstructions of Last Glacial Maximum ocean temperatures and sea ice cover Compilation of new calibration and fossil datasets as well as documentation of techniques and approaches to paleoenvironmental reconstructions Comparison of techniques, proxies and modelling approaches
Book Synopsis Climate Intervention by : National Research Council
Download or read book Climate Intervention written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-06-23 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing problem of changing environmental conditions caused by climate destabilization is well recognized as one of the defining issues of our time. The root problem is greenhouse gas emissions, and the fundamental solution is curbing those emissions. Climate geoengineering has often been considered to be a "last-ditch" response to climate change, to be used only if climate change damage should produce extreme hardship. Although the likelihood of eventually needing to resort to these efforts grows with every year of inaction on emissions control, there is a lack of information on these ways of potentially intervening in the climate system. As one of a two-book report, this volume of Climate Intervention discusses albedo modification - changing the fraction of incoming solar radiation that reaches the surface. This approach would deliberately modify the energy budget of Earth to produce a cooling designed to compensate for some of the effects of warming associated with greenhouse gas increases. The prospect of large-scale albedo modification raises political and governance issues at national and global levels, as well as ethical concerns. Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth discusses some of the social, political, and legal issues surrounding these proposed techniques. It is far easier to modify Earth's albedo than to determine whether it should be done or what the consequences might be of such an action. One serious concern is that such an action could be unilaterally undertaken by a small nation or smaller entity for its own benefit without international sanction and regardless of international consequences. Transparency in discussing this subject is critical. In the spirit of that transparency, Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth was based on peer-reviewed literature and the judgments of the authoring committee; no new research was done as part of this study and all data and information used are from entirely open sources. By helping to bring light to this topic area, this book will help leaders to be far more knowledgeable about the consequences of albedo modification approaches before they face a decision whether or not to use them.
Download or read book The Stratosphere written by L. M. Polvani and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 190. The Stratosphere: Dynamics, Transport, and Chemistry is the first volume in 20 years that offers a comprehensive review of the Earth's stratosphere, increasingly recognized as an important component of the climate system. The volume addresses key advances in our understanding of the stratospheric circulation and transport and summarizes the last two decades of research to provide a concise yet comprehensive overview of the state of the field. This monograph reviews many important aspects of the dynamics, transport, and chemistry of the stratosphere by some of the world's leading experts, including up-to-date discussions of Dynamics of stratospheric polar vortices Chemistry and dynamics of the ozone hole Role of solar variability in the stratosphere Effect of gravity waves in the stratosphere Importance of atmospheric annular modes This volume will be of interest to graduate students and scientists who wish to learn more about the stratosphere. It will also be useful to atmospheric science departments as a textbook for classes on the stratosphere.
Book Synopsis Middle Atmosphere Dynamics by : David G. Andrews
Download or read book Middle Atmosphere Dynamics written by David G. Andrews and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-21 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in atmospheric, oceanic, and climate science, Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics is an introductory textbook on the circulations of the atmosphere and ocean and their interaction, with an emphasis on global scales. It will give students a good grasp of what the atmosphere and oceans look like on the large-scale and why they look that way. The role of the oceans in climate and paleoclimate is also discussed. The combination of observations, theory and accompanying illustrative laboratory experiments sets this text apart by making it accessible to students with no prior training in meteorology or oceanography. * Written at a mathematical level that is appealing for undergraduates and beginning graduate students * Provides a useful educational tool through a combination of observations and laboratory demonstrations which can be viewed over the web * Contains instructions on how to reproduce the simple but informative laboratory experiments * Includes copious problems (with sample answers) to help students learn the material.
Book Synopsis Climate Change and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion by : Sari Kovats
Download or read book Climate Change and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion written by Sari Kovats and published by WHO Regional Office Europe. This book was released on 2000-11 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A balanced assessment based on currently available scientific knowledge of the effects that climate change may have on the environment in Europe and the health of its populations. Written in non-technical language the book responds to growing public and political concern about the consequences of such widely publicized phenomena as global warming and stratospheric ozone depletion. The book also responds to evidence that recent warming trends in Europe have already affected health. The book opens with a brief explanation of the causes of climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion followed by an overview of recent European and global initiatives aimed at monitoring trends and assessing their impact on health. The first main chapter on climate change in Europe summarizes currently documented trends and provides a scenario of possible changes throughout the rest of this century. The second and most extensive chapter reviews scientific evidence on specific health consequences. These include effects related to increased episodes of thermal stress and air pollution; changes in foodborne water-related vector-borne and rodent-borne diseases; mortality from floods and other weather extremes; and changes in the production of aeroallergens associated with respiratory disorders including asthma. Chapter three considers health effects linked to stratospheric ozone depletion giving particular attention to adverse effects on the eye and immune system and skin cancer. The remaining chapters discuss health effects expected in the next decade and outline actions urgently needed in the areas of policy monitoring and surveillance and research.
Book Synopsis Global Environmental Change by : National Research Council
Download or read book Global Environmental Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-09-14 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can we understand and rise to the environmental challenges of global change? One clear answer is to understand the science of global change, not solely in terms of the processes that control changes in climate and the composition of the atmosphere, but in how ecosystems and human society interact with these changes. In the last two decades of the twentieth century, a number of such research effortsâ€"supported by computer and satellite technologyâ€"have been launched. Yet many opportunities for integration remain unexploited, and many fundamental questions remain about the earth's capacity to support a growing human population. This volume encourages a renewed commitment to understanding global change and sets a direction for research in the decade ahead. Through case studies the book explores what can be learned from the lessons of the past 20 years and what are the outstanding scientific questions. Highlights include: Research imperatives and strategies for investigators in the areas of atmospheric chemistry, climate, ecosystem studies, and human dimensions of global change. The context of climate change, including lessons to be gleaned from paleoclimatology. Human responses toâ€"and forcing ofâ€"projected global change. This book offers a comprehensive overview of global change research to date and provides a framework for answering urgent questions.
