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Author : S. Nicholson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)
Download or read book An investigation into the chemical speciation of technetium in the environment written by S. Nicholson and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : S. T. Sparkes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (597 download)
Download or read book The chemical speciation of technetium in the environment written by S. T. Sparkes and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : G. Desmet
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400941897
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Technetium in the Environment written by G. Desmet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery of technetium (in 1937, by Perrier and Segre), technetium-99 and technetium-99m have become most familiar in the specialised literature, the behaviour of the former being of concern regarding its health impact, the latter having been used intensively in medical tests for many years. The knowledge of the characteristics and behaviour of this element in nature is currently increasing exponentially. It has become clear, however, that there is still a serious shortage of information needed to assess properly its burden and impact on man and his environment. Technetium may indeed be released from nuclear installations or as a waste product from medical applications. It is generally considered to be highly mobile as the anion TcOi, but it is also suspected to be readily reduced in soils and metabolised in living beings into lower oxidation states. The seminar was planned to analyse thoroughly the experimental results obtained up to now and to make recommendations of specific issues requiring further research. This book presents the papers of the different sessions in the order of presentation, and the conclusions drawn by three discussion groups which dealt separately with: problems of sources and distribution of man-made technetium and its radiological consequences; the chemical behaviour of technetium in different ecosystems; biochemical reactions and binding with macromolecules in various life systems. vi Preface The editors, together with the Programme Committee of the Seminar, wish to express their gratitude to the chairmen of the different sessions for their summary of the group discussions.
Author : S. T. Sparkes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780705810296
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (12 download)
Download or read book The Chemical Speciation of Technetium in the Environment written by S. T. Sparkes and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book הקשר בין יציבות לחומרים אנטיביוטיים ובין אלימות אצל חידקי KLEBSIELLA written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 3 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)
Download or read book Research Program to Investigate the Fundamental Chemistry of Technetium written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technetium (99Tc, half-life = 2.13 x 105 years,?-emitter) is one of the radionuclides of major concern for nuclear waste disposal. This concern is due to the long half-life of 99Tc, the ease with which pertechnetate, TcO4−, migrates in the geosphere, difficulties in incorporating technetium into glass waste forms, and the corresponding regulatory considerations. The problem of mobility of pertechnetate in the environment is compounded by the fact that pertechnetate is the thermodynamically stable form of technetium in oxidizing environments. These factors present challenges for the separation and immobilization of technetium. The objective of this research project is to provide new knowledge about the chemical behavior of technetium so that the factors underlying technetium speciation in nuclear waste and in waste forms can be understood and the problems can be addressed. In particular, the behavior of technetium and rhenium in glass will be examined since rhenium is ofte n used as a non-radioactive surrogate to predict the behavior of technetium. In this project, glasses containing both rhenium and technetium will be prepared, so that the behavior of both metals can be compared under identical conditions.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 782 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780795903571
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (35 download)
Download or read book Stobwasser's Bilderkabinet in Berlin written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Great Britain. Her Majesty's Stationery Office
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)
Download or read book Government Publications written by Great Britain. Her Majesty's Stationery Office and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : A. M. Ure
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 140514730X
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)
Download or read book Chemical Speciation in the Environment written by A. M. Ure and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considerable recent research has focused on the topic of chemical speciation in the environment. It is increasingly realised that the distribution, mobility and biological availability of chemical elements depend not simply on their concentrations but, critically, on the forms in which they occur in natural systems. Continuing developments in analytical chemistry have made speciation practicable even where analytes are present at trace levels (as is often the case in natural samples). In the second edition of this book, the expertise of scientists involved in chemical speciation in various fields have been brought together to provide an overview of the current status of speciation science and indicate how the field may develop in the future.
Download or read book Research Program to Investigate the Fundamental Chemistry of Technetium. 1998 Annual Progress Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technetium ([sup 99]Tc, [beta] emitter, half-life 2.1 x 10[sup 5] years, spA= 1.7 x 10[sup -2] Ci/g) is one of the radionuclides of major concern because of regulatory considerations for radioactive waste disposal. The propensity of Tc as pertechnetate, TcO[sub 4][sup -], to migrate in the geosphere necessitates its safe, long-term immobilization. Technetium is found in the nuclear waste storage tanks at the Hanford and at the Savannah River sites in highly alkaline environments along with multi-molar concentrations of nitrate, nitrite, and Na ions and lesser amounts of organic complexants, phosphate, sulfate chloride, fluoride, and carbonate. It has been assumed that technetium is present in the waste tanks as the pertechnetate ion but a recent study has suggested that at least in part, technetium is present in another form. There is a lack of information on Tc chemistry in oxidation states III-V with simple inorganic (OH[sup -], CO[sub 3][sup 2-], PO[sub 4][sup 3-], SiO[sub 4][sup 4-]) and common organic ligands (EDTA, citrate, oxalate) under alkaline conditions. This is essential information needed for pretreatment schemes, processing, and the assessment of stability of Tc in waste form materials. Further complicating the Tc waste tank chemistry is the added effect of an intense radiation field originating from[sup 137]Cs and[sup 90]Sr. The interactions of the ionizing radiation with water, nitrate, nitrite, and other minor components create highly reactive species that can strongly perturb the oxidation-reduction conditions. The stability of Tc in waste form materials is of paramount importance for long term storage concerns and the solid state chemical properties of many candidate Tc compounds are unknown. There have been few systematic studies of Tc stability in lower valent solids with the exception of TcO[sub 2]. Thus, it is not possible at present to assess the long term stability of many Tc compounds relevant to proposed waste form materials. This experimental research program addresses the characterization of the chemistry of technetium pertinent to the waste tank environment and to various waste forms. The solution and solid state chemistry of this element will be studied in aqueous solutions as a function of pH with the various salts added such as nitrate and nitrite, and as a function of radiation dose. The second part of this program is a search for stable, lower valent Tc materials which may prove useful for waste storage. This report summarizes the results after nine months of a three year project.
Author : Klaus Schwochau
Publisher : Wiley-VCH
ISBN 13 : 9783527294961
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (949 download)
Download or read book Technetium written by Klaus Schwochau and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2000-04-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Klaus Schwochau Technetium Chemistry and Radiopharmaceutical Applications This unique handbook provides a comprehensive survey of the present status of Technetium chemistry and its radiopharmaceutical applications. All Technetium aspects such as natural and artificial occurence in the environment, isotopes and isomers, analytical chemistry and electrochemistry, thermodynamic data, stability and reactivity, intermetallic and binary compounds, and predominantly complex chemistry, and radiopharmacy are presented in an clear and precise manner. This outstanding presentation allows both experts and non-experts a quick access to the subject. Therefore this handbook is an indispensable reference for researchers at universities and research centers, in the nuclear mdecine and radiopharmaceutical industries as well as consultants in government and environmental agencies.
Author : M. Bernhard
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642704417
Total Pages : 758 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)
Download or read book The Importance of Chemical “Speciation” in Environmental Processes written by M. Bernhard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report, the editors replaced the term "speciation" wherever it occurred by "identification and quantification," or "description of abundance," or "reactivity," or "transformation" of a chemical species, according to whichever one of the four meanings the author had evidently meant to convey. In line with the Dahlem Workshop Model, this Report comprises the background papers written in advance of the meeting on the current status of problems in environmental research and on advanced analytical tech niques for the identification and quantification of chemical species, as well as the group reports summarizing the results of the discussions held during the meeting. Each group report was prepared during the meeting by one "rapporteur" with the help of members of that group and finalized by the rapporteur (listed as the first author of the group report) after the meeting, taking into account both verbal comments made during the presentation of the reports in the plenary session at the end of the workshop and written comments received afterwards.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 31 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (185 download)
Download or read book Beteckningar och symboler för styranläggningar inom VVS-tekniken written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Clemens Walther
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331922171X
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)
Download or read book Radionuclides in the Environment written by Clemens Walther and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-30 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides extensive and comprehensive information to researchers and academicians who are interested in radionuclide contamination, its sources and environmental impact. It is also useful for graduate and undergraduate students specializing in radioactive-waste disposal and its impact on natural as well as manmade environments. A number of sites are affected by large legacies of waste from the mining and processing of radioactive minerals. Over recent decades, several hundred radioactive isotopes (radioisotopes) of natural elements have been produced artificially, including 90Sr, 137Cs and 131I. Several other anthropogenic radioactive elements have also been produced in large quantities, for example technetium, neptunium, plutonium and americium, although plutonium does occur naturally in trace amounts in uranium ores. The deposition of radionuclides on vegetation and soil, as well as the uptake from polluted aquifers (root uptake or irrigation) are the initial point for their transfer into the terrestrial environment and into food chains. There are two principal deposition processes for the removal of pollutants from the atmosphere: dry deposition is the direct transfer through absorption of gases and particles by natural surfaces, such as vegetation, whereas showery or wet deposition is the transport of a substance from the atmosphere to the ground by snow, hail or rain. Once deposited on any vegetation, radionuclides are removed from plants by the airstre am and rain, either through percolation or by cuticular scratch. The increase in biomass during plant growth does not cause a loss of activity, but it does lead to a decrease in activity concentration due to effective dilution. There is also systemic transport (translocation) of radionuclides within the plant subsequent to foliar uptake, leading the transfer of chemical components to other parts of the plant that have not been contaminated directly.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309075653
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Research Needs for High-Level Waste Stored in Tanks and Bins at U.S. Department of Energy Sites written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-10-05 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States Department of Energy (DOE) has approximately 400 million liters (100 million gallons) of liquid high-level waste (HLW) stored in underground tanks and approximately 4,000 cubic meters of solid HLW stored in bins. The current DOE estimate of the cost of converting these liquid and solid wastes into stable forms for shipment to a geological repository exceeds $50 billion to be spent over several decades (DOE, 2000). The Committee on Long-Term Research Needs for Radioactive High-Level Waste at Department of Energy Sites was appointed by the National Research Council (NRC) to advise the Environmental Management Science Program (EMSP) on a long-term research agenda addressing the above problems related to HLW stored in tanks and bins at DOE sites.
Author : P. Misaelides
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401144990
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Natural Microporous Materials in Environmental Technology written by P. Misaelides and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on the Application of Natural Microporous Materials for Environmental Technology, Smolenice Castle, Slovakia, 26-30 October 1998
