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An Effort To Close Achievement Gaps At Scale Through Self Affirmation
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Book Synopsis An Effort to Close Achievement Gaps at Scale Through Self-Affirmation by : Geoffrey D. Borman
Download or read book An Effort to Close Achievement Gaps at Scale Through Self-Affirmation written by Geoffrey D. Borman and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study addresses closing the academic performance gaps between African American and Latino students and their White counterparts, and between girls and boys in mathematics. Of the various models and theories of these social inequalities that have been advanced in literature, one particularly compelling line of research concerns the idea of "stereotype threat"--the apprehension individuals experience when confronted with a personally relevant stereotype that threatens their social identity or self-esteem. A number of research programs suggest that interventions aimed at reducing stereotype threat can attenuate its effects in school-based contexts, yielding significant gains in test scores. Specifically, individuals can manage threatening situations by shoring up their self-concept--a strategy known as "compensatory self-inflation" or "self-affirmation." This study assessed the achievement impacts of this stereotype threat-reduction intervention relative to a control group condition on the test scores of nearly 1,000 middle-school students in the Madison (Wisconsin) Metropolitan School District. Findings show no evidence that the self-affirmations closed the Black-White achievement gap. However, gender and ethnic group moderated the impact of self-affirmation; the variation in achievement by gender and ethnicity appears to be slighter in the self-affirmation condition. The proposed work may have important implications for education policy and practice in the state. Moreover, the cost-effective intervention strategies described in this study--each involving simple 15-minute writing exercises--could easily be replicated and implemented across the United States, with the potential to help close the persistent achievement gaps within other school systems across the country. Tables and figures are appended.
Book Synopsis New Evidence on Self-Affirmation Effects and Theorized Sources of Heterogeneity from Two Cohorts in a Large-Scale Replication by : Paul Hanselman
Download or read book New Evidence on Self-Affirmation Effects and Theorized Sources of Heterogeneity from Two Cohorts in a Large-Scale Replication written by Paul Hanselman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One approach to reducing persistent racial/ethnic achievement gaps is to tackle their social-psychological dimensions, including the negative consequences of stereotype threat and other identity threats in school. Initial research suggested that a particularly promising approach is brief self-affirmation writing exercises for 7th grade students; studies in individual schools reported this strategy reduced racial achievement gaps in grade point average by as much as 40%. However, subsequent evidence has been mixed. It is important to distinguish between two potential sources of variability in self-affirmation treatment effects: (1) explainable heterogeneity based on the delivery, population served, and context of these interventions; and (2) heterogeneity is fundamentally not explainable, such as would be expected from random differences due to sampling variability. The practical implications of these two explanations of effect variability are quite different. The key problem with differentiating these two explanations is that it is difficult to isolate relevant differences between different research efforts. Many of the theoretical moderators of treatment impacts--including features of implementation, student population, and school context--are unmeasured and confounded across research projects. The contribution of this paper is to consider heterogeneity in a setting that controls many of these factors by assessing differences in a within-study replication across two implementations of the intervention. The research was conducted in the regular 11 middle schools in Madison, Wisconsin in 2011-2014. The study includes 2,109 individuals (939 in cohort 1, and 1,170 in cohort 2) who were 7th grade students in 2011-2012 or 2012-13. Students were individually assigned to complete self-affirmation or comparison activities. Randomization was blocked so that treatment-comparison proportions were equal within each school. Student outcome data were collected from administrative records through the end of 8th grade (the year following the intervention). Key implications of this study include: (1) Analyses demonstrate the value of tests of moderators to assess theory about where, and ultimately how, specific interventions are successful; (2) Results point to the need to develop the theory and evidence about how and where self-affirmation works; and (3) Results imply practical limitations of self-affirmation as a tool to improve student performance and close achievement gaps. One figure and one table are appended. [SREE documents are structured abstracts of SREE conference symposium, panel, and paper or poster submissions.].
Book Synopsis Belonging: The Science of Creating Connection and Bridging Divides by : Geoffrey L. Cohen
Download or read book Belonging: The Science of Creating Connection and Bridging Divides written by Geoffrey L. Cohen and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2022-09-13 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finalist for The Next Big Idea Bookclub • Book of the Year Selection Behavioral Scientist and Greater Good Society “This is perhaps the richest book on belonging you’ll ever read.… The inspiration one draws from every page of this book is an enhanced sense of what is possible. It revives the very thing we need most in these times: hope.” —Claude M. Steele, author of Whistling Vivaldi Discover the secret to flourishing in an age of division: belonging. In a world filled with discord and loneliness, finding harmony and happiness can be difficult. But what if the key to unlocking our potential lies in this deceptively simple concept? Belonging is the feeling of being a part of a group that values, respects, and cares for us—a feeling that we can all cultivate in even the smallest corners of social life. In Belonging: The Science of Creating Connection and Bridging Divides, Stanford University professor Geoffrey L. Cohen draws on his own and others’ groundbreaking scientific research to offer simple, concrete solutions for fostering a sense of belonging. These solutions can generate surprisingly significant and long-lasting benefits. Small but powerful actions can bolster belonging—actions such as encouraging people to reflect on their core values before they face a challenge or expressing belief in someone’s capacity to reach a higher standard. A wide range of innovative approaches have been found to boost achievement at work and at school, bridge political divides, reduce prejudice, and even contribute to overall health. Rigorously tested in diverse arenas—from classrooms to disadvantaged neighborhoods to iconic Silicon Valley companies—these methods offer a path forward in these demanding times. Belonging is a compelling read for all who yearn for a more connected world, whether you’re a manager or employee, an educator or student, a parent or caregiver, or simply someone seeking to make the most out of every moment you spend with others. Packed with actionable insights and specific strategies, this book offers hope and practical guidance, serving as both an inspiration and a roadmap to creating a world of inclusion, understanding, and empathy.
Book Synopsis Motivation in Education at a Time of Global Change by : Eleftheria N. Gonida
Download or read book Motivation in Education at a Time of Global Change written by Eleftheria N. Gonida and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2019-03-25 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on motivation in education under changing and unsettling times and provides ideas on how global changes affect student and teacher motivation to learn and achieve.
Book Synopsis The Happy Mind: Cognitive Contributions to Well-Being by : Michael D. Robinson
Download or read book The Happy Mind: Cognitive Contributions to Well-Being written by Michael D. Robinson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-28 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume focuses on different views of happiness and well-being, considering constructs like meaning and spirituality in addition to the more standard constructs of positive emotion and life satisfaction. A premise of the volume is that being happy consists of more than having the right things happen to us; it also depends on how we interpret those events as well as what we are trying to achieve. Such considerations suggest that cognitive-emotional factors should play a fairly pronounced role in how happy we are. The present volume pursues these themes in the context of 25 chapters organized into 5 sections. The first section centers on cognitive variables such as attention and executive function, in addition to mindfulness. The second section considers important sources of positive cognition such as savoring and optimism and the third section focuses on self-regulatory contributions to well-being. Finally, social processes are covered in a fourth section and meaning-related processes are covered in the fifth. What results is a rich and diverse volume centering on the ways in which our minds can help or hinder our aspirations for happiness.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Wise Interventions by : Gregory M. Walton
Download or read book Handbook of Wise Interventions written by Gregory M. Walton and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2020-11-10 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Precise shifts in the ways people make sense of themselves, others, and social situations can help people flourish. This compelling handbook synthesizes the growing body of research on wise interventions--brief, nonclinical strategies that are "wise" to the impact of social-psychological processes on behavior. Leading authorities describe how maladaptive or pejorative interpretations can undermine people’s functioning and how they can be altered to produce benefits in such areas as academic motivation and achievement, health, well-being, and personal relationships. Consistently formatted chapters review the development of each intervention, how it can be implemented, its evidence base, and implications for solving personal and societal problems.
Book Synopsis Gifted Education in Rural Schools by : Amy Price Azano
Download or read book Gifted Education in Rural Schools written by Amy Price Azano and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-02-27 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text draws on data from a five-year longitudinal study focusing on gifted education programs in high poverty rural areas in the US. It provides a framework for the use of place-based interventions to effectively serve gifted students, reduce opportunity gaps, and address stereotype threat. Recognizing that gifted learners are often underrepresented in rural contexts, the text adopts a social justice lens to outline the unique challenges of fostering advanced education in rural school districts. Using opportunities to learn and best practices in gifted education to inform interventions and practice, the text offers in-depth explanation of how place-based approaches can be used to identify gifted students and ensure that curricula are designed to respect the setting, students, and teachers. The text is structured into three parts, providing the reader with a logical and comprehensive progression through theoretical foundations, the practicalities of implementation, and the process and outcomes of measuring and validating outcomes. Given its unique approach to gifted education programs, this book will prove to be an indispensable and timely resource for scholars working to develop gifted education and educational interventions with and for rural schools.
Book Synopsis Qualities of Effective Principals by : James H. Stronge
Download or read book Qualities of Effective Principals written by James H. Stronge and published by ASCD. This book was released on 2021-04-28 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does it take to be a good school principal? No two principals work exactly the same way, but research shows that effective principals focus on a core set of factors critical to fostering success among all students. In this second edition of Qualities of Effective Principals, James H. Stronge and Xianxuan Xu delineate these factors and show principals how to successfully balance the needs and priorities of their schools while continuously developing and refining their leadership skills. Throughout the book, the authors provide practical tools and extensive research that will help principals * Assess, exhibit, and harness instructional leadership to meet a school's goals. * Foster and sustain an effective school climate for learning. * Select, support, and retain high-quality teachers and staff. * Manage school resources effectively and efficiently. * Create, maintain, and strengthen internal and external community relationships. * Define their role in student achievement. This book also includes practical skills checklists, along with quality indicators and red flags for effective leadership. Qualities of Effective Principals, 2nd Edition, is an excellent resource for both experienced and new principals committed to developing and leading strong schools that help all students succeed.
Book Synopsis Advances in Experimental Social Psychology by :
Download or read book Advances in Experimental Social Psychology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Volume 56, the latest release in this highly cited series, contains contributions of major empirical and theoretical interest that represent the best and brightest in new research, theory and practice in social psychology. New chapters in this updated release include The Functional Theory of Counterfactual Thinking: New Evidence, New Challenges, New Insights, Stereotype Threat and Learning, Changing Our Implicit Minds: How, When, and Why Implicit Evaluations Can Be Rapidly Revised, The Motivational Underpinnings of Belief in God, and Implicit Theories: Assumptions That Shape Social and Moral Cognition. This serial is part of the Social Sciences package on ScienceDirect, and is available online beginning with Volume 32. Provides one of the most sought after and cited series in the field of experimental social psychology Contains contributions of major empirical and theoretical interest Represents the best and brightest in new research, theory and practice in social psychology
Book Synopsis Leaders in the Sociology of Education by : Alan R. Sadovnik
Download or read book Leaders in the Sociology of Education written by Alan R. Sadovnik and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leaders in the Sociology of Education: Intellectual Self-Portraits contains eighteen self-portraits written by some of the leading sociologists of education in the world. Representing the United States, the United Kingdom, and Hong Kong, the authors discuss a variety of factors that have affected their lifetime of scholarship, including their childhoods, their education and mentors, the state of the field during their “coming of age,” the institutions where they have worked, the major sociologists during their lifetimes, the political and economic conditions during their lifetimes, and the social and political movements during their lifetimes. These autobiographical essays reveal a great deal not only about their work and their influences, but also about themselves. Taken as a whole, the book provides sociology of knowledge about the creation of sociology of education research since the 1960s. It reveals a number of important themes central to all of the authors’ work, including educational inequality; the influence of the classical sociological theorists, Karl Marx, Max Weber and Emile Durkheim; and the influence of more recent classical sociologists of education, Basil Bernstein, Pierre Bourdieu and James Coleman. The authors’ research represents a variety of theoretical and methodological orientations including functionalism, conflict and critical theory, interactionist theory and feminist theory, as well as quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods research. Finally, the editors discuss a number of lessons to be learned from the lives and works of these sociologists of education.
Book Synopsis Who Controls the Preparation of Education Administrators? by : Arnold B. Danzig
Download or read book Who Controls the Preparation of Education Administrators? written by Arnold B. Danzig and published by IAP. This book was released on 2019-09-01 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first volume in the re-imagined series Research and Theory in Educational Administration. The volume includes a variety of perspectives written by university professors in the field of educational administration, which moves our thinking beyond the traditional scope of organizational theory and institutional analysis. It is this combination of theory, of new directions in leadership preparation and new narratives of participation that we hope will contribute to a more engaging volume for its readers—graduate students, researchers, and practitioners. The volume will provide evidence of and explanation for changing patterns of institution production explored through academic and epistemic drift. It also provides a deeper understanding of how state regulation is related to the school administrator pipeline or pathways. The concepts explained and illustrated in the volume hopes to provide a better framework for understanding how administrator preparation is unfolding across the U.S. and internationally, as well as the direction of the field of educational administration in the future.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy by : Michael P. Twohig
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy written by Michael P. Twohig and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Oxford Handbook of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Michael P. Twohig, Michael E. Levin, and Julie M. Petersen bring together contributions from the world's leading scholars to create a comprehensive volume on established areas of ACT. The Handbook presents the first scholarly review of the treatment as it has developed over the past two to three decades. Featuring 33 chapters on key aspects of the treatment, the contributors offer analysis on ACT's conceptual and theoretical underpinnings, applications to specific populations and problems, methods of implementation, and other special topics. They will further cover theory, empirical support, and scholarly descriptions of treatment application.
Book Synopsis New Developments in Pathways Towards Diversity and Inclusion in STEM: A United States Perspective by : Alexander Gates
Download or read book New Developments in Pathways Towards Diversity and Inclusion in STEM: A United States Perspective written by Alexander Gates and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-17 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Louis Stokes Alliances for Minority Participation (LSAMP) program of the US National Science Foundation has been a primary force for raising the success and graduation of minority students in STEM for 30 years. Increasing the number of underrepresented students earning baccalaureate degrees, and entering graduate school in STEM is the goal of LSAMP. This goal has been nearly achieved through the formation of alliances of degree granting institutions of higher learning, varying from community colleges to major research institutions. Currently there are 59 alliances including more than 400 institutions. LSAMP is responsible for more than 650,000 bachelor’s degrees earned by minority students in STEM. The papers for this Research Topic should focus on the use of LSAMP activities, programs and collaborations to develop pathways to success and graduation of STEM majors from minority groups that underrepresented in STEM. These pathways can include any segment from pre-college through graduate school. Areas of special interest include mentoring, research experiences, transitions between levels and novel approaches for retention. The studies should be research based and rigorous. They can be pure research studies, curriculum and design or literature reviews but they must be at a cutting edge level and be subject to detailed review and assessment.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Self-enhancement and Self-protection by : Mark D. Alicke
Download or read book Handbook of Self-enhancement and Self-protection written by Mark D. Alicke and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first major volume dedicated to the processes by which people exaggerate their virtues, deemphasize their shortcomings, or protect themselves against threatening feedback. Leading investigators present cutting-edge work on the key role of self-enhancing and self-protective motives in social perception, cognition, judgment, and behavior. Compelling topics include the psychological benefits and risks of self-enhancement and self-protection; personality traits and contextual factors that make certain individuals more likely to hold distorted views of the self; innovative approaches to assessment and measurement; and implications for relationships, achievement, and mental health.
Book Synopsis Expanding the Reach of Education Reforms: Perspectives from Leaders in the Scale-Up of Educational Interventions by : Thomas K. Glennan
Download or read book Expanding the Reach of Education Reforms: Perspectives from Leaders in the Scale-Up of Educational Interventions written by Thomas K. Glennan and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2000-10-28 with total page 747 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does one spread a successful educational reform? The essays here recount the authors?' experiences with the scale-up process. Among their lessons are the importance of building the capacity to implement and sustain the reforms, adjusting for local culture and policy, ensuring quality control, providing the necessary infrastructure, and fostering a sense of ownership. The process is iterative and complex and requires cooperation among many actors who must ensure that the results align with goals.
Book Synopsis Stereotype Threat by : Michael Inzlicht
Download or read book Stereotype Threat written by Michael Inzlicht and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21st century has brought with it unparalleled levels of diversity in the classroom and the workforce. It is now common to see in elementary school, high school, and university classrooms, not to mention boardrooms and factory floors, a mixture of ethnicities, races, genders, and religious affiliations. But these changes in academic and economic opportunities have not directly translated into an elimination of group disparities in academic performance, career opportunities, and levels of advancement. Standard explanations for these disparities, which are vehemently debated in the scientific community and popular press, range from the view that women and minorities are genetically endowed with inferior abilities to the view that members of these demographic groups are products of environments that frustrate the development of the skills needed for success. Although these explanations differ along a continuum of nature vs. nurture, they share in common a presumption that a large chunk of our population lacks the potential to achieve academic and career success.In contrast to intractable factors like biology or upbringing, the research summarized in this book suggests that factors in one's immediate situation play a critical yet underappreciated role in temporarily suppressing the intellectual performance of women and minorities, creating an illusion of group differences in ability. Research conducted over the course of the last fifteen years suggests the mere existence of cultural stereotypes that assert the intellectual inferiority of these groups creates a threatening intellectual environment for stigmatized individuals - a climate where anything they say or do is interpreted through the lens of low expectations. This stereotype threat can ultimately interfere with intellectual functioning and academic engagement, setting the stage for later differences in educational attainment, career choice, and job advancement.
Book Synopsis The Latino Education Crisis by : Patricia C. Gandara
Download or read book The Latino Education Crisis written by Patricia C. Gandara and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on both extensive demographic data and compelling case studies, this book reveals the depths of the educational crisis looming for Latino students, the nation's largest and most rapidly growing minority group.
