An Assessment of Female Athletes Perception of Male and Female Coaches in Team Sports

Download An Assessment of Female Athletes Perception of Male and Female Coaches in Team Sports PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (529 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis An Assessment of Female Athletes Perception of Male and Female Coaches in Team Sports by : Dawn K. Seiler

Download or read book An Assessment of Female Athletes Perception of Male and Female Coaches in Team Sports written by Dawn K. Seiler and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Psychological Foundations of Sport

Download Psychological Foundations of Sport PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Psychological Foundations of Sport by : John M. Silva

Download or read book Psychological Foundations of Sport written by John M. Silva and published by Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company. This book was released on 2002 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twenty-five specialists from the field of sports psychology contribute 26 chapters to this text for undergraduate students in sport psychology courses, which may also appeal to graduate students and fellow professionals in the field. The text combines information from both basic and applied sources, from sport psychology and psychology. Coverage includes the evolution of sport psychology, personality and performance, motivation and sport, emotion and sport performance, intervention and performance enhancement, group dynamics, aggression in sport, gender issues in sport, psychological aspects of coaching, and psychological aspects of youth sport. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

Perceived and Preferred Coach Communication Behaviors of Cross-country Athletes According to Gender

Download Perceived and Preferred Coach Communication Behaviors of Cross-country Athletes According to Gender PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (643 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Perceived and Preferred Coach Communication Behaviors of Cross-country Athletes According to Gender by : Michelle L. Childs

Download or read book Perceived and Preferred Coach Communication Behaviors of Cross-country Athletes According to Gender written by Michelle L. Childs and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study sought to gain a better understanding of the communication behaviors between coaches and male and female athletes. Four focus groups (male coach and male athletes, male coach and female athlete, female coach and male athletes, and female coach and female athletes) were used to assess athletes' perceptions of their past coaches' communication behavior compared to their preferred coach communication behaviors. Coding of the focus groups revealed that although females prefer to talk to their coaches about topics related to running, they also wanted to talk about more personal topics. However, for females to talk about personal topics they needed to feel comfortable with their coaches, which was dependent on the coaches' characteristics. Conversely, males desired to talk to their coaches about more serious topics, such as their training and competition, as well as other professional runners' training and competition. Although males desired to more often talk about serious topics, they also recognized there were times when joking around and being less serious with their coaches was appropriate and necessary. In short, men preferred to talk 'shop' more than women did. Based on these results, suggestions for coaches are discussed.

An Examination of Factors that Impact the Choices of Female Athletes in Pursuit of a Career in Collegiate Sports Leadership

Download An Examination of Factors that Impact the Choices of Female Athletes in Pursuit of a Career in Collegiate Sports Leadership PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 91 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis An Examination of Factors that Impact the Choices of Female Athletes in Pursuit of a Career in Collegiate Sports Leadership by : Gloria Lynn Bradley

Download or read book An Examination of Factors that Impact the Choices of Female Athletes in Pursuit of a Career in Collegiate Sports Leadership written by Gloria Lynn Bradley and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract The Social Cognitive Career Theory was applied to examine how the desire to coach or administrate are impacted by self-efficacy, occupational valence, perceived hindrance, and role model influence. This study was conducted to address the underrepresentation of females in collegiate sports leadership positions. The study examined if being coached by males or if males in leadership positions is preferred. Women coach less than half, (40.2%) of women0́9s sports and women account for 19.6% percent of administrators in college athletic departments. Hypothetically, the results of this study will support and enhance the NCAA college sports model by revealing quantitative data that provide a foundation for understanding the problems and identifying key factors important to the leadership development of female student-athletes. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, MANOVAs, and path analysis. Everhart and Chelladurai (1998) stated that female athletes preferred male coaches and that female athletes that had male coaches were more likely to perceive discrimination as a barrier. The study0́9s finding is that collegiate female student-athletes had a high perception of female coaches and female administrators and a preference for female coaches.

Women in Sports Coaching

Download Women in Sports Coaching PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317561619
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Women in Sports Coaching by : Nicole M. LaVoi

Download or read book Women in Sports Coaching written by Nicole M. LaVoi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-02 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women in many Westernized countries encounter a wider variety of career opportunities than afforded in previous decades, and the percentage of women leaders in nearly every sector is on the rise. Sport coaching, however, remains a domain where gender equity has declined or stalled, despite increasing female sport participation. The percentage of women who coach women are in the minority in most sports, and there is a near absence of women coaching men. This important new book examines why. Drawing on original multi-disciplinary research from across the globe, including first-hand accounts from practicing coaches, the book illuminates and examines the status of women in coaching, explores the complex issues they face in pursuing their careers, and suggests solutions for eliminating the barriers that impede women in coaching. Developing an innovative model of intersectionality and power constructs through which to guide research, the book covers issues including sexual identity, race, motherhood, cross-gender coaching and media coverage to give voice to women coaches from around the world. As such, Women in Sports Coaching is essential reading for serious students and scholars of sports coaching, sport sociology or anyone with an interest in gender and sport.

Female Athletes' Perceptions of Coach and Parent Feedback

Download Female Athletes' Perceptions of Coach and Parent Feedback PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (895 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Female Athletes' Perceptions of Coach and Parent Feedback by : Kristen L. Corrette

Download or read book Female Athletes' Perceptions of Coach and Parent Feedback written by Kristen L. Corrette and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feedback is considered an essential function of skill learning and yet previous research often reports findings without controlling for learners background information, skill level, and perceptions of instruction. This study investigated child to adolescent female athletes' perceptions of coach and parent feedback in response to good and poor soccer play, particularly in relation to skill level and age. Coaches assessed skill and athletes completed questionnaires measuring the perceived frequency of multiple types of feedback responses from coaches and parents including different forms of praise and criticism. 63 female club level soccer players, 10 to 17 years old and 4 head coaches participated in the study. Multivariate analysis revealed that coach's praise and criticism was positively correlated to age and athlete initiated communication with coaches was negatively correlated to age. No correlations were found between athletic skill level and perceived feedback. These correlations indicate that age may affect how learners form their perceptions of instruction.

Female Athletes and Their Coaches

Download Female Athletes and Their Coaches PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Female Athletes and Their Coaches by : Peggy Jo Hoover

Download or read book Female Athletes and Their Coaches written by Peggy Jo Hoover and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The general problem of this study was to compare perceptions of the coach in the ideal coach/athlete relationship, as expressed by collegiate female basketball players and their coaches. Further analysis was completed comparing: (1) freshmen and seniors' perceptions, (2) the coaches' years of coaching experience and its effect upon the coaches' perceptions, and (3) perceptions of participants in the National Collegiate Athletic Association compared to those in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics. Institutions from Idaho, Oregon, and Washington which had four year intercollegiate womens' basketball programs were considered for participation. Participants included 107 athletes and 30 coaches. Perceptions were measured by the administration of a questionnaire using the Semantic Differential Technique. Data were analyzed for statistically significant differences by the use of a "t'' test. Statistically significant differences were found concerning coaches' and athletes' perceptions of the coach in the ideal coach/athlete relationship. Findings and conclusions were discussed along with reconmendations for future studies concerning the coach/athlete relationship"--Document.

Male and Female Athletes' Perceptions of Their Coaches' Communication

Download Male and Female Athletes' Perceptions of Their Coaches' Communication PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Male and Female Athletes' Perceptions of Their Coaches' Communication by : Leanna Hartsough

Download or read book Male and Female Athletes' Perceptions of Their Coaches' Communication written by Leanna Hartsough and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study explores social exchange theory in relationships between college coaches and athletes. There are positive and negative aspects of athletes' perceptions of their coaches' recruitment styles, communication competence, ability to motivate, support, and leadership styles. Past studies have looked into student-athletes' perceptions of their coaches' communication and relationship with their student-athletes. This study builds on this research by exploring student-athlete alumni perceptions of their coaches. As a previous student-athlete alumna on the track and field team at Youngstown State University, I encountered a variety of experiences with multiple coaches. I interviewed seven men and seven women alumni who were members of the Youngstown State University Track and Field team. I used three demographic questions, 26 nonverbal immediacy scale-observer questions (Richmond, McCroskey, & Johnson, 2003), and five open ended questions to apply the social exchange theory to athletes' perceptions of their coaches' communication competence, motivation, support, and leadership styles. Results also indicate a difference between men's and women's perception of their coaches. Women's primary factors included support combined with trust from coaches. Men mainly looked at their individual performance, injuries, and financial aid to figure out whether they wanted to be on the team or not. This study indicates that athletes are satisfied when their coaches treat athletes like friends and treat each individual athlete with care.

Beyond X's & O's

Download Beyond X's & O's PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Beyond X's & O's by : Don Sabo

Download or read book Beyond X's & O's written by Don Sabo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This nationwide online survey, the largest of its kind to-date, was designed to generate facts and analysis of the workplace experiences and views of both female and male coaches of intercollegiate women's sports. This research is unique in that it is the first to assess male coaches of women's teams and make comparisons with female coaches. The data-driven research confirms there is systemic gender bias; it's not sporadic or limited to a few institutions. Key findings include: (1) Bias is associated with gender of the coach, not the gender of the team. Many women coaches perceive gender bias, fewer of their male counterparts recognize it; (2) Most women coaches believe it is easier for men to secure high level jobs, salary increases, promotions, and multi-year contracts. 4 out of 5 women coaches think it is easier for men to get top-level coaching jobs; (3) Many women fear unfair treatment, retaliation and loss of their jobs if they express Title IX concerns; and (4) More women are less willing to voice their opinions outside of the athletic department and are less involved in decision-making inside the athletic department. Based on the findings, there are policy recommendations at the conclusion of the report meant to help coaches, athletic administrators and academic administrators better utilize college sports as an institutional vehicle for equitable participation and opportunity. The policy recommendations are also aimed at college presidents and chancellors, without whose support and leadership, the creation of meaningful change in the women's sports workplace is likely to be impeded. Methods and data analyses are appended. [Additional funding provided by the May Foundation, Sandy Vivas, and the Vivas Family.].

Improving Gender Equity in Sports Coaching

Download Improving Gender Equity in Sports Coaching PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000426580
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Improving Gender Equity in Sports Coaching by : Leanne Norman

Download or read book Improving Gender Equity in Sports Coaching written by Leanne Norman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-08-12 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sport coaching profession has historically been and continues to be a White male-dominated occupation and this remains a global issue. This imbalance persists despite an improvement in wider social attitudes and legislation towards equality and diversity within many societies, and despite the action by sporting organisations and national governing bodies. Within the research literature, the underrepresentation of women in sport coaching is a well-documented issue with a number of research studies highlighting the experiences and impact of being in the minority for women coaches. The issue of gender inequity in sport coaching is a long-standing one and shows little sign of changing significantly anytime soon. Therefore, a new approach is needed, one that draws on the knowledge and evidence we have to create actionable, sustainable, deep-rooting interventions that challenge the issue of gender equity at its very core. The overall purpose of Improving Gender Equity in Sports Coaching is to take an action or forward-thinking approach about what works, or could work, to improve the recruitment, development, or promotion of women sport coaches. The book brings together a global group of esteemed scholars working in this subject area. In this book, we have brought together not just the insight but also a collection of strategies and recommendations as to how this research could be or has been utilised to make our sport coaching envrionment places where all coaches feel as though they belong. As such, this ground-breaking book is a must read not just for students and researchers of gender equity in sport but also for policy and decision-makers working in sport.

Gender and Competition

Download Gender and Competition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Coaches Choice Books
ISBN 13 : 9781585188765
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (887 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Gender and Competition by : Kathleen J. DeBoer

Download or read book Gender and Competition written by Kathleen J. DeBoer and published by Coaches Choice Books. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fascinating look at how men and women approach competition, both on and off the court. Noted author and lecturer Kathleen J. DeBoer first examines many of the non-physical differences between the sexes (their values and fears, conversation, behavior, psychological adjustment, etc.), then DeBoer helps define these and other variables as they relate to gender differences in both competitive play and competitive work environments. Finally, DeBoer offers detailed suggestions on how men and women can communicate, understand, and ultimately overcome their differences.

Women in Sport Leadership

Download Women in Sport Leadership PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 113487152X
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Women in Sport Leadership by : Laura J. Burton

Download or read book Women in Sport Leadership written by Laura J. Burton and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-06-26 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although women and girls participate in sport in greater numbers than ever before, research shows there has been no significant increase in women leading sport organizations. This book takes an international, evidence-based perspective in examining women in sport leadership and offers future directions for improving gender equity. With contributions from leading international sport scholars and practitioners, it explores the opportunities and challenges women face while exercising leadership in sport organizations and evaluates leadership development practices. While positional leadership is crucial, this book argues that some women may choose to exercise leadership in non-positional ways, challenging readers to consider their personal values and passions. The chapters not only discuss key topics such as gender bias, intersectionality, quotas, networking, mentoring and sponsoring, but also present a variety of strategies to develop and support the next generation of women leaders in sport. A new model of how to achieve gender equity in sport leadership is also introduced. Women in Sport Leadership: Research and Practice for Change is important reading for all students, scholars, leaders, administrators, and coaches with an interest in sport business, policy and management, as well as women’s sport and gender studies.

Instrumentality and Self-objectification : Female Athletes' Perceptions of Male Coaching Behaviors

Download Instrumentality and Self-objectification : Female Athletes' Perceptions of Male Coaching Behaviors PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Instrumentality and Self-objectification : Female Athletes' Perceptions of Male Coaching Behaviors by : Stephanie Harrison

Download or read book Instrumentality and Self-objectification : Female Athletes' Perceptions of Male Coaching Behaviors written by Stephanie Harrison and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Despite the abundance of research suggesting that women gain numerous physical and psychological benefits from sport participation, they face many barriers to reaping these benefits. Additional research has documented both the positive and negative influences coaches have on athletes' overall well-being. As men continue to occupy the majority of coaching positions in university settings, understanding the male coach-female athlete relationship should be an area of focus. This study used Grounded Theory to investigate female athletes' perceptions of male coaching behaviors through the dual lens of instrumentality and objectification. Results indicated that male coaching behaviors promoting objectification included the misuse of power, the reinforcement of gender stereotypes, and indirect communication. Coaching behaviors promoting instrumentality included the challenging of gender stereotypes and the use of a holistic approach to coaching. Further, it appears that the relationship between the male coach and female athlete is directly influenced by the universities' culture of athletics. Implications from this study suggest clinicians working with female athletes should be aware of the complex dynamics between coach, athlete and system and how the male coach-female relationship impacts the athletes' day to day wellbeing. Keywords: Instrumentality, Objectification, Female-Athletes, Coaching" -- Abstract

Where are the Women in Women's Sports?

Download Where are the Women in Women's Sports? PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (696 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Where are the Women in Women's Sports? by : Kelli Moran-Miller

Download or read book Where are the Women in Women's Sports? written by Kelli Moran-Miller and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although post-Title IX sport participation rates for girls and women have skyrocketed, the percentages of women in sport leadership roles have plummeted. Today, women hold only 44% of head coaching positions in women's intercollegiate athletics, compared with over 90% before the passage of Title IX. Few studies have examined how the perceptions of prospective coaches, and specifically female student-athletes, may impact this downward trend. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of specific contextual factors (i.e., coach gender, female coaching role models, and perceived barriers) on coaching self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and career interest in coaching using social cognitive career theory as the theoretical framework. Participants were 205 predominantly White, heterosexual female student-athletes. Path analysis indicated that both contextual supports and barriers predicted coaching self-efficacy and that coaching self-efficacy predicted outcome expectations. Additionally, career interest in coaching was predicted by coaching self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and contextual supports and barriers. Post hoc model modifications indicated that a model portraying barriers and supports as both directly and indirectly (through their impact on self-efficacy) linked to career interest in coaching produced a better fit to the data than a model specifying only an indirect link to interest. Practical implications are discussed, as well as suggestions for further research in this relatively unexplored area of inquiry.

Experiences and Perceptions of Female Athletic Trainers Working with Male Coaches in Male Sports

Download Experiences and Perceptions of Female Athletic Trainers Working with Male Coaches in Male Sports PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (136 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Experiences and Perceptions of Female Athletic Trainers Working with Male Coaches in Male Sports by : Sierra Hobday

Download or read book Experiences and Perceptions of Female Athletic Trainers Working with Male Coaches in Male Sports written by Sierra Hobday and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author's abstract: Context: Female athletic trainers are making great strides in a previously male-dominated profession and are also becoming more prevalent in working with male sports teams. Female athletic trainers working within male sports often face gender bias and discrimination which has been found to come from male coaches of these sports. While previous studies have shown male coaches may demonstrate practices of gender bias towards female athletic trainers working in male sports, no studies have focused directly on the male coach and female athletic trainer relationship. Purpose: To examine the experiences and perceptions of female athletic trainers currently working with male coaches in male sports in the NCAA and examine the male coach-female athletic trainer relationship from the point of view of the athletic trainer. Design: Qualitative research utilizing a multiple case study design. Methods: Six collegiate female athletic trainers were interviewed using a semi-structured interview format via Zoom. Participants were asked questions that aimed to gain information regarding female athletic trainers’ experiences and perceptions of working with male coaches in male sports and information about the interactions between the two parties. Interview transcripts were coded and analyzed by the research committee. Results: Four themes emerged from participant responses which included the background of the female athletic trainer, advantages of working with male coaches in male sports, challenges faced and navigation of challenges, and factors for success in current role and relationship. Conclusions: Overall, participants described having a good relationship with their male coaches and numerous factors were identified as playing a role in that relationship. This study revealed how one’s background and prior relationships and experiences can shape current ones, and identified different advantages and challenges present for female athletic trainers working with a male coach in a male sport. Advantages included having a differing view from one another, as well as acts of chivalry, and male coaches having higher standards and being taken more seriously. Challenges faced included gender, age, and experience. Furthermore, participants offered valuable insights of how to tackle those challenges and provided factors for success within their roles and relationships with male coaches in male sports.

Gender in Athletics

Download Gender in Athletics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (35 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Gender in Athletics by : Kerry Anne Dowlin

Download or read book Gender in Athletics written by Kerry Anne Dowlin and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Effect of Coach Expectations on Female Athletes' Motivation to Play

Download The Effect of Coach Expectations on Female Athletes' Motivation to Play PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 820 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (859 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Effect of Coach Expectations on Female Athletes' Motivation to Play by : Megan Matthews Buning

Download or read book The Effect of Coach Expectations on Female Athletes' Motivation to Play written by Megan Matthews Buning and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concurrent, embedded mixed methods study used predominantly quantitative analyses to examine coach expectations and behaviors on female athletes' intrinsic motivation to play softball. Qualitative methods in the form of structured, open-ended questions were used to enhance the data by examining athletes' perceptions of coaching behavior and changes in motivation and competence levels. A cluster sampling technique was used to randomly select 20 Division I softball teams competing in the United States. The resulting quantitative participant sample included 174 female collegiate athletes ranging in age from 18-22 years old, and 20 male and female head coach participants ranging in age from 24-60 plus years. Qualitative procedures involved inductive content analysis of interview responses from 41 female collegiate softball athletes. A structured interview protocol was followed to answer the research questions of how do female athletes' perceive head coaches affect intrinsic motivation to play softball for their current team, and specifically, what types of coaching behaviors do athletes perceive to alter their motivation to play softball? Results of this study indicate coaches do form expectations about athletes' performance ability, and coaching behaviors differed between expectancy groups. Competence and motivation levels remained constant over the course of the study, but expectancy groups were motivated differently. Low expectancy athletes were more extrinsically motivated, and showed trends of higher levels of amotivation than high and average expectancy athletes. High expectancy athletes showed trends indicating more intrinsic motivation overall. Low expectancy athletes perceived more ignoring, or non-rewarding, behaviors than other athletes. Athletes experienced a decrease in encouragement and corrective instruction from pre- to post-study. Overall, athletes reported aspects of the perceived coach-athlete relationship affected competence and motivation the most. Relationships characterized by open, direct, clear communication were the biggest positive influence on motivation and competence. Other coach strategies including emphasis of athlete's personal best, actions display confidence in the athlete's performance ability, and encouragement after performance attempts emerged as important factors enhancing athlete self-perception variables. Relationships characterized by unclear or no communication had the biggest negative influence on motivation and competence.