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Author : Leslie Hubert Hicks
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book An Analysis of Number Concept in Monkeys written by Leslie Hubert Hicks and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Andreas Nieder
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262042789
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)
Download or read book A Brain for Numbers written by Andreas Nieder and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How our intuitive understanding of numbers is deeply rooted in our biology, traceable through both evolution and development. Humans' understanding of numbers is intuitive. Infants are able to estimate and calculate even before they learn the words for numbers. How have we come to possess this talent for numbers? In A Brain for Numbers, Andreas Nieder explains how our brains process numbers. He reports that numerical competency is deeply rooted in our biological ancestry; it can be traced through both the evolution of our species and the development of our individual minds. It is not, as it has been traditionally explained, based on our ability to use language. We owe our symbolic mathematical skills to the nonsymbolic numerical abilities that we inherited from our ancestors. The principles of mathematics, Nieder tells us, are reflections of the innate dispositions wired into the brain. Nieder explores how the workings of the brain give rise to numerical competence, tracing flair for numbers to dedicated “number neurons” in the brain. Drawing on a range of methods including brain imaging techniques, behavioral experiments, and twin studies, he outlines a new, integrated understanding of the talent for numbers. Along the way, he compares the numerical capabilities of humans and animals, and discusses the benefits animals reap from such a capability. He shows how the neurobiological roots of the brain's nonverbal quantification capacity are the evolutionary foundation of more elaborate numerical skills. He discusses how number signs and symbols are represented in the brain; calculation capability and the “neuromythology” of mathematical genius; the “start-up tools” for counting and developmental of dyscalculia (a number disorder analogous to the reading disorder dyslexia); and how the brain processes the abstract concept of zero.
Author : Sue Taylor Parker
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521459693
Total Pages : 622 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (596 download)
Download or read book 'Language' and Intelligence in Monkeys and Apes written by Sue Taylor Parker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-01-28 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first collection of articles completely and explicitly devoted to the new field of 'comparative developmental evolutionary psychology' - that is, to studies of primate abilities based on frameworks drawn from developmental psychology and evolutionary biology. These frameworks include Piagetian and neo-Piagetian models as well as psycholinguistic ones. The articles in this collection - originating in Japan, Spain, Italy, France, Canada and the United States - represent a variety of backgrounds in human and nonhuman primate research, including psycholinguistics, developmental psychology, cultural and physical anthropology, ethology, and comparative psychology. The book focuses on such areas as the nature of culture, intelligence, language, and imitation; the differences among species in mental abilities and developmental patterns; and the evolution of life histories and of mental abilities and their neurological bases. The species studied include the African grey parrot, cebus and macaque monkeys, gorillas, orangutans, and both common and pygmy chimpanzees.
Author : Sarah T. Boysen
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317783417
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)
Download or read book The Development of Numerical Competence written by Sarah T. Boysen and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The area of animal counting has historically been the subject of a long and colorful debate, but only more recently have systematic, more rigorous experimental efforts to evaluate numerical abilities in animals been undertaken. This volume contains chapters from investigators in a range of disciplines with interests in comparative cognition. The studies described characterize the emergence of number-related abilities in rats, pigeons, chimpanzees, and humans, bringing together -- for the first time in one volume -- the rich diversity of cognitive capabilities demonstrated throughout many species. The data and theoretical perspectives shared will likely serve to provoke much thought and discussion among comparative psychologists and fuel new research and interest in the field of animal cognition.
Author : Roi Cohen Kadosh
Publisher : Oxford Library of Psychology
ISBN 13 : 0199642346
Total Pages : 1217 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Numerical Cognition written by Roi Cohen Kadosh and published by Oxford Library of Psychology. This book was released on 2015 with total page 1217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do we understand numbers? Do animals and babies have numerical abilities? Why do some people fail to grasp numbers, and how we can improve numerical understanding? Numbers are vital to so many areas of life: in science, economics, sports, education, and many aspects of everyday life from infancy onwards. Numerical cognition is a vibrant area that brings together scientists from different and diverse research areas (e.g., neuropsychology, cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, comparative psychology, anthropology, education, and neuroscience) using different methodological approaches (e.g., behavioral studies of healthy children and adults and of patients; electrophysiology and brain imaging studies in humans; single-cell neurophysiology in non-human primates, habituation studies in human infants and animals, and computer modeling). While the study of numerical cognition had been relatively neglected for a long time, during the last decade there has been an explosion of studies and new findings. This has resulted in an enormous advance in our understanding of the neural and cognitive mechanisms of numerical cognition. In addition, there has recently been increasing interest and concern about pupils' mathematical achievement in many countries, resulting in attempts to use research to guide mathematics instruction in schools, and to develop interventions for children with mathematical difficulties. This handbook brings together the different research areas that make up the field of numerical cognition in one comprehensive and authoritative volume. The chapters provide a broad and extensive review that is written in an accessible form for scholars and students, as well as educationalists, clinicians, and policy makers. The book covers the most important aspects of research on numerical cognition from the areas of development psychology, cognitive psychology, neuropsychology and rehabilitation, learning disabilities, human and animal cognition and neuroscience, computational modeling, education and individual differences, and philosophy. Containing more than 60 chapters by leading specialists in their fields, the Oxford Handbook of Numerical Cognition is a state-of-the-art review of the current literature.
Author : Michael Tomasello
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190283033
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Primate Cognition written by Michael Tomasello and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1997-09-18 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soon after Charles Darwin formulated his theory of evolution, primate cognition became a major area of research. In this book, Michael Tomasello and Josep Call assess the current state of our knowledge about the cognitive skills of non-human primates. They integrate empirical findings on the topic from the beginning of the century to the present, placing this research in theoretical perspective. They begin with an examination of the way primates adapt to their physical world, mostly for the purpose of foraging. The second part of the book looks at primate social knowledge and focuses on the adaptations of primates to their social world for purposes of competition and cooperation. In the third section, the authors construct a general theory of primate cognition, distinguishing the cognition in primates from that of other mammals (human in particular). Their broad-ranging theory provides a guide for future research. Primate Cognition is an enlightening exploration of the cognitive capacities of our nearest primate relatives and a useful resource for a wide range of researchers and students in psychology, behavioral biology, primatology, and anthropology.
Author : Allan M. Schrier
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 1483259811
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)
Download or read book Behavior of Nonhuman Primates written by Allan M. Schrier and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavior of Nonhuman Primates: Modern Research Trends, Volume I focuses on studies on the dynamics of behavior of nonhuman primates. The selection first offers information on discrete-trial training techniques and stimulus variables and discrimination-learning sets. Discussions focus on the characteristics of learning-set behavior, procedural variables, basic learning-set procedures, renaissance of contiguity, border cues and additivity, and contiguity and automation. The text then ponders on hypothesis behavior and delayed-response problem, including variations of the delayed-response problem; delayed response and discrimination learning contrasted; and the hypothesis model and its application to the object-discrimination-learning-set experiment. The manuscript examines associative problems and operant conditioning. Topics include discriminative behavior, similarity and dissimilarity problems, alternation problems, discrimination reversal problems, discrimination problems, and behavior controlled by aversive stimuli. The text is a valuable reference for researchers interested in the behavior of nonhuman primates.
Author : William H. Kimbel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489937455
Total Pages : 561 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)
Download or read book Species, Species Concepts and Primate Evolution written by William H. Kimbel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-18 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A world of categones devmd of spirit waits for life to return. Saul Bellow, Humboldt's Gift The stock-in-trade of communicating hypotheses about the historical path of evolution is a graphical representation called a phylogenetic tree. In most such graphics, pairs of branches diverge from other branches, successively marching across abstract time toward the present. To each branch is tied a tag with a name, a binominal symbol that functions as does the name given to an individual human being. On phylogenetic trees the names symbolize species. What exactly do these names signify? What kind of information is communicated when we claim to have knowledge of the following types? "Tetonius mathewzi was ancestral to Pseudotetonius ambiguus. " "The sample of fossils attributed to Homo habzlis is too variable to contain only one species. " "Interbreeding populations of savanna baboons all belong to Papio anubis. " "Hylobates lar and H. pileatus interbreed in zones of geographic overlap. " While there is nearly universal agreement that the notion of the speczes is fundamental to our understanding of how evolution works, there is a very wide range of opinion on the conceptual content and meaning of such particular statements regarding species. This is because, oddly enough, evolutionary biolo gists are quite far from agreement on what a species is, how it attains this status, and what role it plays in evolution over the long term.
Author : Sam Goldstein
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493915622
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Intelligence written by Sam Goldstein and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-08 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous functions, cognitive skills, and behaviors are associated with intelligence, yet decades of research has yielded little consensus on its definition. Emerging from often conflicting studies is the provocative idea that intelligence evolved as an adaptation humans needed to keep up with – and survive in – challenging new environments. The Handbook of Intelligence addresses a broad range of issues relating to our cognitive and linguistic past. It is the first full-length volume to place intelligence in an evolutionary/cultural framework, tracing the development of the human mind, exploring differences between humans and other primates, and addressing human thinking and reasoning about its own intelligence and its uses. The works of pioneering thinkers – from Plato to Darwin, Binet to Piaget, Luria to Weachsler – are referenced to illustrate major events in the evolution of theories of intelligence, leading to the current era of multiple intelligences and special education programs. In addition, it examines evolutionary concepts in areas as diverse as creativity, culture, neurocognition, emotional intelligence, and assessment. Featured topics include: The evolution of the human brain from matter to mind Social competition and the evolution of fluid intelligence Multiple intelligences in the new age of thinking Intelligence as a malleable construct From traditional IQ to second-generation intelligence tests The evolution of intelligence, including implications for educational programming and policy. The Handbook of Intelligence is an essential resource for researchers, graduate students, clinicians, and professionals in developmental psychology; assessment, testing and evaluation; language philosophy; personality and social psychology; sociology; and developmental biology.
Author : National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1414 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Research Grants Index written by National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 1414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Geoffrey Bourne
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323156398
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)
Download or read book Progress in Ape Research written by Geoffrey Bourne and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in Ape Research presents the papers reported in the conference organized by the staff of Yerkes Primate Research Center in celebrating the centenary of Dr. Robert Mearns Yerkes' birth, who gave significant contributions to ape research. This book is divided into four sections representing the sessions of the conference. First, the historical beginnings of research on great apes are presented. The other three sections deal mainly with the ongoing studies at the Yerkes Primate Research Center, particularly, in the field of communication and language in great apes, utilization of chimpanzees as biomedical models, and the comparative perspectives of human origins.Presentations by outstanding scientists from other institutions are also shown. The conference is arranged to honor the memory of Dr. Robert Mearns Yerkes, to inspire, and to emphasize some of the areas in psychobiological and medical sciences to which research on great apes is making a contribution.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1308 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 1308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Peter C. Reynolds
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 9780520044166
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (441 download)
Download or read book On the Evolution of Human Behavior written by Peter C. Reynolds and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Challenging many of the premises of conventional anthropological theory, 'On the evolution of human behavior' draws on recent evidence from psychobiology, linguistics, and ethology to trace the evolution of human social behavior from that of other primates. Rejecting the assumption that significant behavioral discrepancies between man and other primate species stem from equally significant psychological differences, Reynolds argues instead that small evolutionary changes may result in greatly increased complexity of behavior. His frankly ethological theory of human origins assumes that reason and instinct evolve together and that instinctual mechanisms are necessary for the emergence of human culture." -- book cover.
Author : Lawrence Weiskrantz
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Thought Without Language written by Lawrence Weiskrantz and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1988 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a Fyssen Foundation symposium in 1987, these essays question the dependancy of thought on language, and whether abstract reasoning and other faculties can exist in the absence of language.
Author : Warren H. Meck
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203009576
Total Pages : 598 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Functional and Neural Mechanisms of Interval Timing written by Warren H. Meck and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-03-24 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding temporal integration by the brain is expected to be among the premier topics to unite systems, cellular, computational, and cognitive neuroscience over the next decade. The phenomenon has been studied in humans and animals, yet until now, there has been no publication to successfully bring together the latest information gathered from
Author : Harry Frederick Harlow
Publisher : Hodder Education
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (97 download)
Download or read book The Human Model written by Harry Frederick Harlow and published by Hodder Education. This book was released on 1979 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Leonard A. Rosenblum
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 1483272729
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)
Download or read book Primate Behavior written by Leonard A. Rosenblum and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Primate Behavior: Developments in Field and Laboratory Research, Volume 1, was created to fill the need for a publication series which can provide a continuing arena of discourse for all those scientists of varying disciplines concerned with the behavior of primates. It is expected that the participants in this new serial publication and those who will find interest and value in the material it contains will be drawn from a wide array of scientific disciplines, including psychology, anthropology, zoology, psychiatry, physiology, pharmacology, veterinary medicine, and space technology. The present volume contains six chapters and begins with a review of the far-ranging literature on learning in the several species of anthropoids. The next three chapters review current knowledge regarding the various dimensions of abnormal behavior in primates; analyze the multidimensional concept of dominance; and detail the diversity and communality of behavior patterns in a number of tree shrew species. The final two chapters develop a conceptual approach toward and the empirical foundations of the study of social attachments in monkeys, and presents an extensive field study on the Nilgiri langur in South India, respectively.
