Amino Acid Balance And Food Intake

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Nutritional Improvement of Food and Feed Proteins

Author : Mendel Friedman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468433660
Total Pages : 879 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Nutritional Improvement of Food and Feed Proteins by : Mendel Friedman

Download or read book Nutritional Improvement of Food and Feed Proteins written by Mendel Friedman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 879 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nutritional quality of a protein depends on the proportion of its amino acids-especially the essential amino acids-their physio logical availability, and the specific requirements of the consumer. Availability varies and depends on protein source, interaction with other dietary components, and the consumer's age and physiological state. In many foods, especially those from plants, low levels of various essential amino acids limits their nutritive value. This is particularly important for cereals (which may be inadequate in the essential amino acids isoleucine, lysine, threonine, and tryto phan) and legumes (which are often poor sources of methionine). Moreover, these commodities are principle sources of protein for much of the earth's rapidly growing population. At the current annual growth rate of about 2 percent, the world population of about 4 billion will increase to 6.5 billion by the year 2000 and to 17 billion by the year 2050. Five hundred milliQn people are presently estimated to suffer protein malnutrition, with about fifteen thousand daily deaths. The ratio of malnourished to adequately nourished will almost surely increase. For these reasons, and especially in view of the limited availability of high quality (largely animal) protein to feed present and future populations, improvement of food and feed quality is especially important.

The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309172810
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-09-15 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is a commonly held belief that athletes, particularly body builders, have greater requirements for dietary protein than sedentary individuals. However, the evidence in support of this contention is controversial. This book is the latest in a series of publications designed to inform both civilian and military scientists and personnel about issues related to nutrition and military service. Among the many other stressors they experience, soldiers face unique nutritional demands during combat. Of particular concern is the role that dietary protein might play in controlling muscle mass and strength, response to injury and infection, and cognitive performance. The first part of the book contains the committee's summary of the workshop, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The remainder of the book contains papers contributed by speakers at the workshop on such topics as, the effects of aging and hormones on regulation of muscle mass and function, alterations in protein metabolism due to the stress of injury or infection, the role of individual amino acids, the components of proteins, as neurotransmitters, hormones, and modulators of various physiological processes, and the efficacy and safety considerations associated with dietary supplements aimed at enhancing performance.

Recommended Dietary Allowances

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309040418
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Recommended Dietary Allowances by : National Research Council

Download or read book Recommended Dietary Allowances written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-02-01 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its introduction in 1943 Recommended Dietary Allowances has become the accepted source of nutrient allowances for healthy people. These Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) are used throughout the food and health fields. Additionally, RDAs serve as the basis for the U.S. Recommended Daily Allowances, the Food and Drug Administration's standards for nutrition labeling of foods. The 10th Edition includes research results and expert interpretations from years of progress in nutrition research since the previous edition and provides not only RDAs but also "Estimated Safe and Adequate Daily Dietary Intakes"â€"provisional values for nutrients where data were insufficient to set an RDA. Organized by nutrient for ready reference, the volume reviews the function of each nutrient in the human body, sources of supply, effects of deficiencies and excessive intakes, relevant study results, and more. The volume concludes with the invaluable "Summary Table of Recommended Dietary Allowances," a convenient and practical summary of the recommendations.

Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals,

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309051266
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals, by : National Research Council

Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals, written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-02-01 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the years since the third edition of this indispensable reference was published, a great deal has been learned about the nutritional requirements of common laboratory species: rat, mouse, guinea pig, hamster, gerbil, and vole. The Fourth Revised Edition presents the current expert understanding of the lipid, carbohydrate, protein, mineral, vitamin, and other nutritional needs of these animals. The extensive use of tables provides easy access to a wealth of comprehensive data and resource information. The volume also provides an expanded background discussion of general dietary considerations. In addition to a more user-friendly organization, new features in this edition include: A significantly expanded section on dietary requirements for rats, reporting substantial new findings. A new section on nutrients that are not required but that may produce beneficial results. New information on growth and reproductive performance among the most commonly used strains of rats and mice and on several hamster species. An expanded discussion of diet formulation and preparationâ€"including sample diets of both purified and natural ingredients. New information on mineral deficiency and toxicity, including warning signs. This authoritative resource will be important to researchers, laboratory technicians, and manufacturers of laboratory animal feed.

Lipid Oxidation

Author : Edwin N. Frankel
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 085709792X
Total Pages : 487 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis Lipid Oxidation by : Edwin N. Frankel

Download or read book Lipid Oxidation written by Edwin N. Frankel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-01-23 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this second edition, Edwin Frankel has updated and extended his now well-known book Lipid oxidation which has come to be regarded as the standard work on the subject since the publication of the first edition seven years previously. His main objective is to develop the background necessary for a better understanding of what factors should be considered, and what methods and lipid systems should be employed, to achieve suitable evaluation and control of lipid oxidation in complex foods and biological systems. The oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids is one of the most fundamental reactions in lipid chemistry. When unsaturated lipids are exposed to air, the complex, volatile oxidation compounds that are formed cause rancidity. This decreases the quality of foods that contain natural lipid components as well as foods in which oils are used as ingredients. Furthermore, products of lipid oxidation have been implicated in many vital biological reactions, and evidence has accumulated to show that free radicals and reactive oxygen species participate in tissue injuries and in degenerative disease. Although there have been many significant advances in this challenging field, many important problems remain unsolved. This second edition of Lipid oxidation follows the example of the first edition in offering a summary of the many unsolved problems that need further research. The need to understand lipid oxidation is greater than ever with the increased interest in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, the reformulation of oils to avoid hydrogenation and trans fatty acids, and the enormous attention given to natural phenolic antioxidants, including flavonoids and other phytochemicals.

Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health

Author : Guoyao Wu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030453286
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health by : Guoyao Wu

Download or read book Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health written by Guoyao Wu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-06 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume comprehensively highlights recent advances in the metabolism, nutrition, physiology, and pathobiology of amino acids in all the systems of humans and other animals (including livestock, poultry, companion animals, and fish). It enables readers to understand the crucial roles of amino acids and their metabolites in the health and diseases of the circulatory, digestive, endocrine, immune, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, skeletal, and urinary systems, as well as the sense organs (eyes, ears, nose, skin, and tongue). Readers will learn that amino acids are not only the building blocks of protein, but are also signalling molecules, as well as regulators of gene expression, metabolic processes and developmental changes in the body. This knowledge will guide nutritional practices to improve the growth, development and health of humans and other animals, as well as prevent and treat chronic (e.g., obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders) and infectious (e.g., bacterial, fungal, parasite, and viral) diseases. Editor of this volume is an internationally recognized expert in nutritional biochemistry. He has over 38 years of experience with research and teaching at world-class universities in the area of amino acid biochemistry, nutrition, and physiology. He has published more than 625 papers in peer-reviewed journals, 62 chapters in books, and authored two text/reference books, with an H-index of 117 and more than 55,000 citations in Google Scholar. This publication is a useful reference for professionals as well as undergraduate and graduate students in animal science, biochemistry, biomedical engineering, biology, human medicine, food science, kinesiology, nursing, nutrition, pharmacology, physiology, toxicology, veterinary medicine, and other related disciplines. In addition, all chapters provide general and specific references to amino acids in systems health for researchers and practitioners in biomedicine, animal and plant agriculture, and aquaculture, and for government policy makers.

Fat Detection

Author : Jean-Pierre Montmayeur
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420067761
Total Pages : 646 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Fat Detection by : Jean-Pierre Montmayeur

Download or read book Fat Detection written by Jean-Pierre Montmayeur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-09-14 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the State-of-the-Art in Fat Taste TransductionA bite of cheese, a few potato chips, a delectable piece of bacon - a small taste of high-fat foods often draws you back for more. But why are fatty foods so appealing? Why do we crave them? Fat Detection: Taste, Texture, and Post Ingestive Effects covers the many factors responsible for the se

Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health

Author : Guoyao Wu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030544621
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health by : Guoyao Wu

Download or read book Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health written by Guoyao Wu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-26 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amino acids (AAs) are not only building blocks of protein, but are also signalling molecules as well as regulators of gene expression and the protein phosphorylation cascade. Additionally, AAs are key precursors for syntheses of hormones and low-molecular weight nitrogenous substances with each having enormous biological importance. For example, physiological concentrations of AA metabolites (e.g., nitric oxide, polyamines, glutathione, taurine, thyroid hormones, and serotonin) are required for cell functions. Growing evidence shows that humans and animals have dietary requirements for all proteinogenic AAs. Mammals, birds and fish also have species- and age-dependent needs for some AA-related substances. However, elevated levels of other products (e.g., ammonia, homocysteine, H2S, and asymmetric dimethylarginine) are pathogenic factors for neurological disorders, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular disease. Thus, optimal amounts of AAs and their ratios in diets and circulation are crucial for whole body homeostasis and health. Adequate provision of one or a mixture of functional AAs or metabolites may be beneficial for ameliorating health problems at various stages of the life cycle (e.g., fetal growth restriction, neonatal morbidity and mortality, weaning-associated intestinal dysfunction and wasting syndrome, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, the metabolic syndrome, and infertility). Dietary supplementation of these nutrients can also optimize the efficiency of metabolic transformations to enhance muscle growth, milk production, and athletic performance, while preventing excess fat deposition and reducing adiposity. Therefore, functional AAs hold great promise in improving the growth, health and well-being of individuals. Chapter 7 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Food Components to Enhance Performance

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030905088X
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Food Components to Enhance Performance by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Food Components to Enhance Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physiological or psychological stresses that employees bring to their workplace affect not only their own performance but that of their co-workers and others. These stresses are often compounded by those of the job itself. Medical personnel, firefighters, police, and military personnel in combat settingsâ€"among othersâ€"experience highly unpredictable timing and types of stressors. This book reviews and comments on the performance-enhancing potential of specific food components. It reflects the views of military and non-military scientists from such fields as neuroscience, nutrition, physiology, various medical specialties, and performance psychology on the most up-to-date research available on physical and mental performance enhancement in stressful conditions. Although placed within the context of military tasks, the volume will have wide-reaching implications for individuals in any job setting.

Neural and Metabolic Control of Macronutrient Intake

Author : Hans-Rudolf Berthoud
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781420048933
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (489 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural and Metabolic Control of Macronutrient Intake by : Hans-Rudolf Berthoud

Download or read book Neural and Metabolic Control of Macronutrient Intake written by Hans-Rudolf Berthoud and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-10-25 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When an excessive proportion of the human energy requirement is derived from fat, the likelihood of obesity increases. Any such individual is at risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease- grave and costly health hazards. The selective control of fat ingestion is a promising solution to these concerns. Existing data suggests that macronutrient intake can be manipulated. Further research is working to create pharmacological tools that will suppress fat consumption. It will also be possible to fight obesity, heart disease and diabetes. Neural and Metabolic Control of Macronutrient Intake systematically discusses the known physiological mechanisms involved in macronutrientselection, including their molecular, genetic and neurochemical aspects. The book is also a critical review of the hypothesis that ingestion of the three nutrients is regulated by separate neural control mechanisms, leaving open the possibility that strategies could be devised to intervene in bodily control systems and alter the proportion of fat in the diet. This reference provides three types of information: First, the basic background of the biochemical and physiological systems as they relate to macronutrient selection. Second, opinions and data concerning to what degree animals and humans show evidence of macronutrient selection. And, third, evidence about how the central nervous system might be involved in the choices animals make among macronutrients.

Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241209356
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (412 download)

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Book Synopsis Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2007-12-15 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human nutrition.

The Natural History of an Arctic Oil Field

Author : Joe C. Truett
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080512410
Total Pages : 461 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis The Natural History of an Arctic Oil Field by : Joe C. Truett

Download or read book The Natural History of an Arctic Oil Field written by Joe C. Truett and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-06-09 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In spite of the harsh conditions that characterize the Arctic, it is a surprisingly fragile ecosystem. The exploration for oil in the Arctic over the past 30 years has had profound effects on the plants and animals that inhabit this frozen clime. The Natural History of an Arctic Oil Field synthesizes decades of research on these myriad impacts. Specialists with years of field experience have contributed to this volume to create the first widely available synopsis of the ecology and wildlife biology of animals and plants living in close association with an actively producing oil field. - First widely available synthesis of arctic oil field ecology and wildlife biology - Concise yet readable treatment of a diverse polar ecosystem - Useful for land managers, policy makers as well as ecologists, and population biologists - Chapters authored by recognized authorities and contributions are peer-reviewed for accuracy and scientific rigor - Illustrations attractively designed to enhance comprehension

Improvement of Protein Nutriture

Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Amino Acids
Publisher : National Academies
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Improvement of Protein Nutriture by : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Amino Acids

Download or read book Improvement of Protein Nutriture written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Amino Acids and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1974-01-01 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Protein Quality Evaluation

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9789251030974
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Protein Quality Evaluation by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Protein Quality Evaluation written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1991 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cachexia and Wasting

Author : Stefan D. Anker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 8847005523
Total Pages : 739 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Cachexia and Wasting by : Stefan D. Anker

Download or read book Cachexia and Wasting written by Stefan D. Anker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-06 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cachexia may well represent the flip side of the tremendous achievements of modern medicine. The aim of this volume, written by world-renowned scientists, is to provide the best available evidence on the pathogenesis, clinical features and therapeutic approach of cachexia, and to facilitate the understanding of the complex yet unequivocal clinical role of this syndrome, that truly represents a disease, or, more likely, a disease within other different diseases.

Comprehensive Biochemistry for Dentistry

Author : Anil Gupta
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811310351
Total Pages : 617 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Comprehensive Biochemistry for Dentistry by : Anil Gupta

Download or read book Comprehensive Biochemistry for Dentistry written by Anil Gupta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-30 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book combines fundamental concepts of biochemistry and the dental sciences to provide an authentic, coherent and comprehensive text for dental students. It describes in simple language the intricate pathophysiology of biomolecules in health and in diseases of dental and oral tissues. This book also describes the evolution of biochemistry in a chronological order, provides information about the fundamental chemical structure, classification and biological significance of biomolecules, vitamins and hormones, enriched with flow charts and diagrams for easy understanding and quick reference. It includes chapters on nucleic acids, nutrition and serum enzymes and organ function tests, and offers an innovative approach to familiarize dental students with the biochemical composition of enamel, dentine, cementum and saliva, explaining the biochemical basis of dental caries, periodontal diseases, role of fluorides in caries prophylaxis, fluoride toxicity, and the role of amino acids as anti-hypersensitive agents.

Regulation of Body Weight

Author : Claude Bouchard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulation of Body Weight by : Claude Bouchard

Download or read book Regulation of Body Weight written by Claude Bouchard and published by . This book was released on 1996-06-19 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fact that about 30-40% of the adults in the Western world are overweight or obese testifies to the frequency of the disturbances in body weight regulation. Scientists have established that caloric intake, macronutrient composition of the diet, basal and resting metabolic rate, thermic response to food, energy expenditure associated with movement and physical activity, and preferential storage of the surplus of calories as fat or lean tissues are critical determinants of energy balance and body weight. While much has been learned, the field is poised for major advances with the advent of a variety of imaging techniques, progress in quantitative and molecular genetics, use of transgenic rodent models and of breeding experiments with informative inbred strains, availability of stable isotopes for metabolic and behavioral studies, and a growing number of useful experimental animal and human models. This volume takes an integrative approach to obesity. It is structured around four major topics: (1) the animal and human models currently available for the study of body weight regulation with their strengths and limitations, (2) the molecular and genetic basis of the regulation of body weight, (3) the metabolic and physiological mechanisms involved, and (4) the behavioral and social determinants. The 13 background papers provide a critical overview of the present knowledge base while the group reports summarize the extensive deliberations of 38 international experts. Particular emphasis has been given to promising research areas and on the advances needed to ensure a better understanding of the biological and behavioral mechanisms of the regulation of body weight, with a particular emphasis on overweight and obesity.