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Altered Lipid Metabolism And Impaired Clearance Of Cholesterol In Plasma Of Swiss Webster Mice Fed Cyclopropenoid Fatty Acids
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Book Synopsis Altered Lipid Metabolism and Impaired Clearance of Cholesterol in Plasma of Swiss-Webster Mice Fed Cyclopropenoid Fatty Acids by : John Patrick Matlock
Download or read book Altered Lipid Metabolism and Impaired Clearance of Cholesterol in Plasma of Swiss-Webster Mice Fed Cyclopropenoid Fatty Acids written by John Patrick Matlock and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Contribution of Cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase, Paraoxonase-1, and Thioredoxin-interacting Protein in Lipid Metabolism by : Eric Pham Ratliff
Download or read book The Contribution of Cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase, Paraoxonase-1, and Thioredoxin-interacting Protein in Lipid Metabolism written by Eric Pham Ratliff and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The studies presented herein examine the role of cholesterol-7[alpha]-hydroxylase, paraoxonase-1, and thioredoxin-interacting protein in various aspects of lipid metabolism. Cholesterol-7[alpha]-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) is responsible for the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids. Hepatic over-expression of CYP7A1 maintained cholesterol homeostasis in low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-deficient mice that were fed a cholesterol-enriched diet. The presence of the CYP7A1 transgene altered the expression of many genes in the liver and the ileum. In particular, the expansion of the bile acid pool reduced ileal expression of Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1), in an farsenoid X receptor (FXR)-independent manner, which was associated with diminished cholesterol absorption. The expression of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) correlates inversely with the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. Through the activation of FXR, bile acids increase the ileal expression of fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) which binds to fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) leading to diminished hepatic expression of PON1 and CYP7A1. In contrast to hepatic PON1 mRNA expression, a strong correlation exists between plasma PON1 activity levels and plasma HDL cholesterol levels. Indeed, mice that have virtually undetectable levels of plasma HDL cholesterol, such as ATP Binding Cassette Protein A1 (ABCA1)-deficient mice, have only minute plasma PON1 protein levels. However, the administration of reconstituted HDL to ABCA1-deficient mice is sufficient to generate a transient increase in mature HDL particles containing PON1. Disruption of thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) in mice leads to metabolic abnormalities, especially in the fasted state. Fasting Txnip knockout mice display high plasma triglyceride and ketone levels, as well as decreased plasma glucose levels. The hypertriglyceridemia observed in Txnip knockout mice is due to an impaired clearance of triglycerides, which correlated with decreased LPL mRNA expression and decreased LPL activity in the skeletal muscle and heart. Additional metabolic alterations in fasting Txnip knockout mice include impaired AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and diminished oxidative capacity of glucose, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and fatty acids.
Book Synopsis The Contribution of Cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase, Paraoxonase-1, and Thioredoxin-interacting Protein in Lipid Metabolism by : Eric Pham Ratliff
Download or read book The Contribution of Cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase, Paraoxonase-1, and Thioredoxin-interacting Protein in Lipid Metabolism written by Eric Pham Ratliff and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The studies presented herein examine the role of cholesterol-7[alpha]-hydroxylase, paraoxonase-1, and thioredoxin-interacting protein in various aspects of lipid metabolism. Cholesterol-7[alpha]-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) is responsible for the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids. Hepatic over-expression of CYP7A1 maintained cholesterol homeostasis in low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-deficient mice that were fed a cholesterol-enriched diet. The presence of the CYP7A1 transgene altered the expression of many genes in the liver and the ileum. In particular, the expansion of the bile acid pool reduced ileal expression of Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1), in an farsenoid X receptor (FXR)-independent manner, which was associated with diminished cholesterol absorption. The expression of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) correlates inversely with the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. Through the activation of FXR, bile acids increase the ileal expression of fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) which binds to fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) leading to diminished hepatic expression of PON1 and CYP7A1. In contrast to hepatic PON1 mRNA expression, a strong correlation exists between plasma PON1 activity levels and plasma HDL cholesterol levels. Indeed, mice that have virtually undetectable levels of plasma HDL cholesterol, such as ATP Binding Cassette Protein A1 (ABCA1)-deficient mice, have only minute plasma PON1 protein levels. However, the administration of reconstituted HDL to ABCA1-deficient mice is sufficient to generate a transient increase in mature HDL particles containing PON1. Disruption of thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) in mice leads to metabolic abnormalities, especially in the fasted state. Fasting Txnip knockout mice display high plasma triglyceride and ketone levels, as well as decreased plasma glucose levels. The hypertriglyceridemia observed in Txnip knockout mice is due to an impaired clearance of triglycerides, which correlated with decreased LPL mRNA expression and decreased LPL activity in the skeletal muscle and heart. Additional metabolic alterations in fasting Txnip knockout mice include impaired AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and diminished oxidative capacity of glucose, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and fatty acids.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1985-07 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis American Doctoral Dissertations by :
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Dissertation Index by :
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeial Plant Drugs by : C. P. Khare
Download or read book Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeial Plant Drugs written by C. P. Khare and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-11-18 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This kind of systematic work is exactly what is needed for people to help bridge traditional Ayurvedic practice with modern science." Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Nobel laureate, current president of the Royal Society and group leader at the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UKAyurvedic Pharmacopoe
Book Synopsis Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences by : Wade H. Shafer
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer. This book was released on 1976 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and dis· seminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) *at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the ac· tivity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 20 (thesis year 1975) a total of 10,374 theses titles from 28 Canadian and 239 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for theses titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. The organization of Volume 20 is identical to that of past years. It consists of theses titles arranged by discipline and by university within each discipline.
Author :Burdette C. Breidenstein Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1475759339 Total Pages :585 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (757 download)
Book Synopsis Muscle Foods by : Burdette C. Breidenstein
Download or read book Muscle Foods written by Burdette C. Breidenstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, in the food industry, there has been a distinction made among meat, poultry, seafood, and game. Meat has historically been defined as the edible flesh of animals. This basically referred only to the red meats, namely, beef, lamb, pork, and veal, including both fresh and processed products as well as variety or glandular meats. It has been recognized more recently that all foods derived from muscle, or muscle foods, have basically the same or similar characteristics in physical and chemical properties. Tberefore, it is logical to exarnine and consider all muscle foods under one cover. Tbis book, therefore, is an attempt to address the various attributes of red meat, poultry, fish, and game under the single heading of muscle foods and to note any differences where they might OCCUT. It is of interest that of the 10 top V. S. meat companies in 1990, 8 of them were dealing with poultry as well as red meats and that 4 of the 10 were also involved with seafoods. Tbis lends impetus to the inclusion of all three in a book such as this. Furthermore, the rapid increase in consumption of poultry meat to approximately 30 kg (65 pounds) per capita and seafoods to 7 kg (16 pounds) per capita compared to beef at 34 kg (75 pounds) and pork at 30 kg (65 pounds), whereas veal and lamb/mutton represent only 0.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Foodborne Diseases by : Dongyou Liu
Download or read book Handbook of Foodborne Diseases written by Dongyou Liu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-29 with total page 2582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clearly linked to consumption of foods, beverages, and drinking water that contain pathogenic microbes, toxins, or other toxic agents, foodborne diseases have undergone a remarkable change of fortune in recent decades, from once rare and insignificant malaises to headline-grabbing and deadly outbreaks. Unquestionably, several factors have combined to make this happen. These include a prevailing demand for the convenience of ready-to-eat or heat-and-eat manufactured food products that allow ready entry and survival of some robust, temperature-insensitive microorganisms; a drastic reduction in the costs of air, sea, and road transportation that has taken some pathogenic microorganisms to where they were absent previously; an expanding world population that has stretched the boundary of human activity; and an ageing population whose weakened immune functions provide a fertile ground for opportunistic pathogens to invade and thrive. Given the diversity of causative agents (ranging from viruses, bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi, protozoa, helminthes, toxins, to toxic agents), and the ingenuity of pathogenic microbes to evolve through genetic reassortment, horizontal gene transfer, and/or random genetic mutation, it has become an enormous challenge to understand how foodborne agents are able to evade host immune defenses and induce diseases, and also to develop and apply innovative approaches for improved diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of foodborne diseases. Handbook of Foodborne Diseases summarizes the latest findings on more than 100 foodborne diseases and their causative agents. With contributions from international experts on foodborne pathogens, toxins, and toxic agents research, this volume provides state-of-the-art overviews on foodborne diseases in relation to their etiology, biology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Apart from offering a comprehensive textbook for undergraduate and postgraduate students in food, medical, and veterinary microbiology, this volume constitutes a valuable reference on foodborne diseases for medical professionals and health authorities, and forms an informative educational resource for the general public.
Book Synopsis Community Ecotoxicology by : William H. Clements
Download or read book Community Ecotoxicology written by William H. Clements and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-02-14 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecotoxicology is the study of the effects of toxicants on ecological systems. Ecological effects of contaminants may occur at several levels of biological organisation, from individual organisms to the entire biosphere. Communities consist of interacting populations that overlap in time and space. Thus, community ecotoxicology is concerned with effects of contaminants on communities. This is one of a series of five books that will provide a comprehensive treatment of field ecotoxicology, it provides important insights into how contaminants affect the distribution and abundance of organisms in nature. * Both authors are well known highly respected scientists in the field. * The first book to be dedicated to 'community ecotoxicology.'
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Ecotoxicology by : Michael C. Newman
Download or read book Fundamentals of Ecotoxicology written by Michael C. Newman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition is revised throughout and includes new and expanded information on natural resource damage assessment, the latest emerging contaminants and issues, and adds new international coverage, including case studies and rules and regulations. The text details key environmental contaminants, explores their fates in the biosphere, and discusses bioaccumulation and the effects of contaminants at increasing levels of ecological organization. Vignettes written by experts illustrate key themes or highlight especially pertinent examples. This edition offers an instructors' solution manual, PowerPoint slides, and supplemental images. Features: Adds all new discussions of natural resource damage assessment concepts and approaches Includes new vignettes written by leading guest authors Draws on materials from 2,500 cited sources, including 400+ new to this edition Adds numerous new entries to a useful glossary of 800+ terms Includes a new appendix discussing Brazilian environmental laws and regulations added to existing appendices outlining U.S., E.U., Chinese, Australian, and Indian environmental laws Fundamentals of Ecotoxicology: The Science of Pollution, Fifth Edition contains a broad overview of ecotoxicology and provides a basic understanding of the field. Designed as a textbook for use in introductory graduate or upper-level undergraduate courses in ecotoxicology, applied ecology, environmental pollution, and environmental science, it can also be used as a general reference for practicing environmental toxicologists.
Book Synopsis Aquaculture Toxicology by : Frederick S.B. Kibenge
Download or read book Aquaculture Toxicology written by Frederick S.B. Kibenge and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-11-23 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aquaculture Toxicology is an essential resource of practical information that covers mechanisms of toxicity and their responses to toxic agents, including aspects of uptake, metabolism and excretion of toxicants in fish, crustaceans and mollusks. This is a reliable, up-to-date, “all inclusive reference guide that provides an understanding of toxicology information for the aquaculture industry. Written by respected international experts recognized in specific areas of toxicology, this book covers toxins at the environmental, cellular and molecular levels. It identifies areas where more research is needed to generate more knowledge to support a sustainable aquaculture industry, including pharmaceutical pollutants and microplastics. Presents clinical information for the three major aquatic food animals (fish, crustaceans and mollusks) Discusses commonly used chemicals in aquaculture and their effects on aquatic animals and the environment Provides the latest advancements in the field of toxicity to facilitate fisheries and aquaculture research
Book Synopsis The Modern Ayurveda by : C. P. Khare
Download or read book The Modern Ayurveda written by C. P. Khare and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-03-05 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Indian population has used Ayurvedic herbs for centuries, but now modern scientific work has led to recognition and acceptance at a global level. The major cause of the increased popularity of Ayurvedic medicine stems from recent scientific validation and its potential in lifestyle management. This growth in research in India and worldwide has
Download or read book Chemical Toxicology of Food written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Machine Translation by : William John Hutchins
Download or read book Machine Translation written by William John Hutchins and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Greenhouse Gases - Capturing, Utilization and Reduction by : Corbin Tennyson
Download or read book Greenhouse Gases - Capturing, Utilization and Reduction written by Corbin Tennyson and published by . This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many chemical compounds present in Earth's atmosphere behave as 'greenhouse gases'. A greenhouse gas is any gaseous compound in the atmosphere that is capable of absorbing infrared radiation, thereby trapping and holding heat in the atmosphere. These gases are the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. Increases in the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere enhances the greenhouse effect which is creating global warming and consequently climate change. By increasing the heat in the atmosphere, greenhouse gases are responsible for the greenhouse effect, which ultimately leads to global warming. About 30 percent of the radiation striking the Earth is reflected back out to space by clouds, ice and other reflective surfaces. The remaining 70 percent is absorbed by the oceans, the land and the atmosphere. As they absorb radiation and heat up, the oceans, land and atmosphere release heat in the form of infrared thermal radiation, which passes out of the atmosphere into space. Greenhouse gases are largely responsible for the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect, in turn, is one of the leading causes of global warming. The most significant greenhouse gases are water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Those that are man-made include the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs) and Per fluorocarbons (PFCs), as well as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).
