Agricultural Intensification Soil Biodiversity And Agroecosystem Function In The Tropics

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Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics

Author : Pedro A. Sanchez
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316812073
Total Pages : 685 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (168 download)

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Book Synopsis Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics by : Pedro A. Sanchez

Download or read book Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics written by Pedro A. Sanchez and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-10 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-awaited second edition of this classic textbook expands on the first edition to include advances made in the last four decades, bringing the topic completely up to date. The book addresses critical issues such as whether humanity can feed itself, and whether it can do so in environmentally sound and sustainable ways. Written from agronomic, environmental, and ecological standpoints, the textbook employs a multidisciplinary approach, including policymaking and plant genetic improvements, as well as ecosystem services, climate change, biodiversity, sustainability and resilience. New chapters in this second edition focus on organic carbon in soil, soil biology, soils in relation to livestock production and forestry, and agroforestry. The new edition will again be the go-to textbook for courses on tropical soils, and a reference textbook for soil and agricultural scientists and development professionals working in the tropics.

Soil Biology and Agriculture in the Tropics

Author : Patrice Dion
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364205076X
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil Biology and Agriculture in the Tropics by : Patrice Dion

Download or read book Soil Biology and Agriculture in the Tropics written by Patrice Dion and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-02-04 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationships between soils, microbes and humans are of crucial relevance in the tropics, where plant stress and microbial activity are exacerbated. This volume of Soil Biology presents the living component of tropical soils, showing how it is shaped by environmental conditions and emphasizing its dramatic impact on human survival and well-being. Following an introduction to the specificities of tropical soils and of their microbial communities, the biological aspects of soil management are examined, dealing with land use change, conservation and slash-and-burn agriculture, the restoration of hot deserts, agroforestry and paddy rice cultivation. As they are of particular relevance for tropical agriculture, symbioses of plants and microbes are thoroughly covered, as are the biodegradation of pesticides and health risks associated with wastewater irrigation. Lastly, traditional soil knowledge is discussed as a key to our sustainable presence in this world.

Soil Biodiversity in Amazonian and Other Brazilian Ecosystems

Author : F. M. S. Moreira
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1845930347
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (459 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil Biodiversity in Amazonian and Other Brazilian Ecosystems by : F. M. S. Moreira

Download or read book Soil Biodiversity in Amazonian and Other Brazilian Ecosystems written by F. M. S. Moreira and published by CABI. This book was released on 2006 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The loss of biological diversity has become an increased concern over recent years and is now enshrined in international conventions. Most biodiversity in fact occurs in the soil. Soil organisms (especially bacteria, fungi and soil invertebrates) play a major role in the formation of soil structure and are primary agents of decomposition and are drivers of nutrient cycling, and hence agricultural production.This book reviews soil biodiversity in one of the key biodiversity hotspots of the world, i.e. the Amazon and nearby regions of Brazil. It covers both the tropical savannah and rain forests . The work reported is based on a project "Conservation and Sustainable Management of Below-Ground Biodiversity", executed by TSBF-CIAT with co-financing from the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and implementation support from the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The book represents a major contribution to the literature and will interest those in biodiversity conservation, soil scienceand ecology and biodiversity conservation.

Agrobiodiversity Conservation and Economic Development

Author : Andreas Kontoleon
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134039107
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Agrobiodiversity Conservation and Economic Development by : Andreas Kontoleon

Download or read book Agrobiodiversity Conservation and Economic Development written by Andreas Kontoleon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-10-03 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pt. 1. Policy perspectives -- pt. 2. Multiple objectives, trade-offs and synergies between productivity and agrobiodiversity -- pt. 3. Market and non-market institutions for agrobiodiversity conservation.

A Handbook of Tropical Soil Biology

Author : Fatima M. S. Moreira
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136573100
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis A Handbook of Tropical Soil Biology by : Fatima M. S. Moreira

Download or read book A Handbook of Tropical Soil Biology written by Fatima M. S. Moreira and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-04 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical handbook describes sampling and laboratory assessment methods for the biodiversity of a number of key functional groups of soil organisms, including insects, earthworms, nematodes, fungi and bacteria. The methods have been assembled and the protocols drafted by a number of scientists associated with the UNEP-GEF funded Conservation and Sustainable Management of Below-Ground Biodiversity Project, executed by the Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF) Institute of the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT). The methods provide a standardized basis for characterizing soil biodiversity and current land uses in terrestrial natural, semi-natural and agroecosystems in tropical forests and at forest margins. The aim is to assess soil biodiversity against current and historic land use practices both at plot and landscape scales and, further, to identify opportunities for improved sustainable land management through the introduction, management or remediation of soil biota, thus reducing the need for external inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides. The book also contains extensive advice on the handling of specimens and the allocation of organisms to strain or functional group type. Published with TSBF-CIAT, CTA, UNEP and GEF

Below-ground Interactions in Tropical Agroecosystems

Author : Meine van Noordwijk
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 0851996736
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Below-ground Interactions in Tropical Agroecosystems by : Meine van Noordwijk

Download or read book Below-ground Interactions in Tropical Agroecosystems written by Meine van Noordwijk and published by CABI. This book was released on 2004 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Below-grownd interactions are often seen as the 'dark side' of agroecosystems, especially when more than one crop is grown on the same piece of land at he same time. this book aims to review the amount of light he past decade of research has shed on this topic. It also aims to review ohw far we have come in unravelling the positive and negative aspects of these interactions and how, in dialogue with farmers, we can use the generic principles that are now emerging to look for sita-specifics solutions.

Biodiversity In Agricultural Production Systems

Author : Gero Benckiser
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781574445893
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (458 download)

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Book Synopsis Biodiversity In Agricultural Production Systems by : Gero Benckiser

Download or read book Biodiversity In Agricultural Production Systems written by Gero Benckiser and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-07-19 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While modern science has always recognized the central role that biodiversity plays in the ecological processes that maintain the Earth's equilibrium, our increasing knowledge of nature has deepened our appreciation of this principle. Consequently, those involved with implementing and maintaining sustainable agriculture systems have begun to take a far more sophisticated approach to understanding and making use of the components and mechanics of biodiversity. Providing a comprehensive and highly practical exploration of the subject, Biodiversity in Agricultural Production Systems examines abiotic ecosystem diversity and biological complexity at every relevant level. Leading researchers detail subspecies diversity, covering ecotypes, lifecycles, genes, physiology, and behavior. They also discuss species richness and supraspecies diversity, which includes foodweb interactions and non-trophic relationships, as well as above- and belowground relationships. Exploring various facets of agricultural crops and cultivation practices, this inter-disciplinary volume- Gives an overview of the pore space dynamic in agroecosystems where most soil microorganisms reside, including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, nematodes, and Tardigrada Examines the highly diverse and prominent role played by earthworms Looks at the metabolic processes occurring in soils that result in the release of greenhouse gases Outlines principles and strategies of order between interacting molecules, cells, species and communities Looks at mechanisms of competition, exploring growth regulation, transformation, and feeding strategies, as well as toxin production, mutation, and biofilm formation Discusses matter recycling and the diversity of microbial metabolism in soils Shows how long-term observation plots are used to assess soil quality Biodiversity in Agricultural Production Systems provides important information for those involved with researching and implementing sustainable agricultural systems, as well as those addressing specific challenges related to soil degradation, water management, and climatic impacts. It also provides recent research and fresh perspectives to enhance the approaches of those working in horticulture, biology, and the environmental sciences.

Soil Fertility Decline in the Tropics

Author : Alfred E. Hartemink
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 9780851998497
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (984 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil Fertility Decline in the Tropics by : Alfred E. Hartemink

Download or read book Soil Fertility Decline in the Tropics written by Alfred E. Hartemink and published by CABI. This book was released on 2003 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wide coverage of soils and perennial cropping systems in the tropicsSynthesis of decades of researchChallenges assumptions on the benefits of plantations for soil fertilityIt is generally assumed that soil fertility decline is widespread in the tropics and that this is largely associated with annual cropping and subsistence farming. In contrast, perennial plant cover (as in plantation agriculture) provides better protection for the soil.This book reviews these concepts, focusing on soil chemical changes under different land-use systems in the tropics. These include perennial crops, annual crops and forest plantations. Two case studies, on sisal plantations in Tanzania and sugar cane in Papua New Guinea, are presented for detailed analysis. The author demonstrates that soil fertility decline is also a problem on plantations.

Post-Agricultural Succession in the Neotropics

Author : Randall W. Myster
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387336427
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-Agricultural Succession in the Neotropics by : Randall W. Myster

Download or read book Post-Agricultural Succession in the Neotropics written by Randall W. Myster and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-23 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely work draws implications from scientific studies for the wise management of old field ecosystems in the neotropics, where conversion of land to cropping systems is the most common kind of disturbance and many landscapes are defined by areas recovering from agriculture. Understanding old field succession can help us address important scientific and social issues, such as deforestation and forest regeneration, forest restoration, sustainability of agriculture, maintenance of biodiversity, and impacts of global climate change on forest dynamics. This book provides restoration and management strategies, as well as new farming methodologies for practical application.

The Ecology of Agroecosystems

Author : John Vandermeer
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
ISBN 13 : 0763771538
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (637 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ecology of Agroecosystems by : John Vandermeer

Download or read book The Ecology of Agroecosystems written by John Vandermeer and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2011 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agroecology is the science of applying ecological concepts and principles to the design, development, and management of sustainable agricultural systems. The Ecology of Agroecosystems highlights a collection of alternative agricultural methodologies and philosophies and provides an interdisciplinary approach that bridges the sociopolitical and historical context of agriculture. It includes the technical issues in a serious and ecological fashion and captures the complex merging of ecology, agriculture, politics and economics in both a historical and contemporary context. Readers will learn not only about the ethical and moral elements related to producing food of questionable quality while possibly impairing the environment, but also about the soil chemistry involved.

The Biology of Agroecosystems

Author : Nicola Randall
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191057290
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Biology of Agroecosystems by : Nicola Randall

Download or read book The Biology of Agroecosystems written by Nicola Randall and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the advent of agriculture approximately 12,000 years ago, human activity has created a unique set of ecosystems. However, the recent development of world markets, rapid technological advances, and other changes to farming practices have led to hugely increased pressures on farm habitats and organisms. Global human populations are rising and diets are becoming ever more complicated, leading to unrelenting requirements for increased levels of food production. Natural biotopes are becoming increasingly fragmented as agricultural activities expand around them. “Agroecosystems” now occur from the tropics to subarctic environments and comprise systems as varied as annual crops, perennial grasslands, orchards, and agroforestry systems. They presently cover almost 40% of the terrestrial land surface and significantly shape landscapes at a global scale. This key addition to the OUP Biology of Habitats Series provides a novel perspective on agroecosystems, summarising our current understanding of the basic and applied aspects of these important and complex habitats, whilst focusing on environmental concerns in the context of global change. The Biology of Agroecosystemsis is for both senior undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in agroecology, farmland ecology, conservation, and agriculture as well as the many professional ecologists, conservation biologists, and land managers requiring a concise overview of agroecology.

Navigating Social-Ecological Systems

Author : Fikret Berkes
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139434799
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Navigating Social-Ecological Systems by : Fikret Berkes

Download or read book Navigating Social-Ecological Systems written by Fikret Berkes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-04-24 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the effort towards sustainability, it has become increasingly important to develop conceptual frames to understand the dynamics of social and ecological systems. Drawing on complex systems theory, this book investigates how human societies deal with change in linked social-ecological systems, and build capacity to adapt to change. The concept of resilience is central in this context. Resilient social-ecological systems have the potential to sustain development by responding to and shaping change in a manner that does not lead to loss of future options. Resilient systems also provide capacity for renewal and innovation in the face of rapid transformation and crisis. The term navigating in the title is meant to capture this dynamic process. Case studies and examples from several geographic areas, cultures and resource types are included, merging forefront research from natural sciences, social sciences and the humanities into a common framework for new insights on sustainability.

Nature's Plow

Author : Centro internacional de agricultura tropical
Publisher : CIAT
ISBN 13 : 9586940381
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (869 download)

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Book Synopsis Nature's Plow by : Centro internacional de agricultura tropical

Download or read book Nature's Plow written by Centro internacional de agricultura tropical and published by CIAT. This book was released on 2001 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Biology of Earthworms

Author : Ayten Karaca
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642146368
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Biology of Earthworms by : Ayten Karaca

Download or read book Biology of Earthworms written by Ayten Karaca and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-09 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthworms, which belong to the order Oligochaeta, comprise roughly 3,000 species grouped into five families. Earthworms have been called ‘ecosystem engineers’; much like human engineers, they change the structure of their environments. Earthworms are very versatile and are found in nearly all terrestrial ecosystems. They play an important role in forest and agricultural ecosystems. This Soil Biology volume describes the various facets of earthworms, such as their role in soil improvement, soil structure, and the biocontrol of soil-borne plant fungal diseases. Reviews discuss earthworms’ innate immune system, molecular markers to address various issues of earthworm ecology, earthworm population dynamics, and the influences of organic farming systems and tillage. Further topics include the characteristics of vermicompost, relationships between soil earthworms and enzymes, the role of spermathecae, copulatory behavior, and adjustment of the donated sperm volume.

Subsoil Constraints for Crop Production

Author : Teogenes Senna de Oliveira
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031003179
Total Pages : 453 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Subsoil Constraints for Crop Production by : Teogenes Senna de Oliveira

Download or read book Subsoil Constraints for Crop Production written by Teogenes Senna de Oliveira and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-03 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will address the major subsoil physical and chemical constraints and their implications to crop production; Plant growth is often restricted by adverse physical and chemical properties of subsoils yet these limitations are not revealed by testing surface soils and hence their significance in crop management is often overlooked. The major constraints can be physical or chemical. Physical limitations such as poor/nil subsoil structure, sandy subsoils that do not provide adequate water or gravelly subsoils and, etc. On the other hand, chemical constraints include acidity/alkalinity, high extractable Al or Mn, low nutrient availability, salts, boron toxicity and pyritic subsoils. Some of these constraints are inherent properties of the soil profile while others are induced by crop and soil management practices. This aim of this book is to define the constraints and discuss amelioration practices and benefits for crop production. This book will be of interest to readers involved with agriculture and soil sciences in laboratory, applied or classroom settings.

Impact of Agricultural Practices on Biodiversity of Soil Invertebrates

Author : Stefano Bocchi
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039437194
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Impact of Agricultural Practices on Biodiversity of Soil Invertebrates by : Stefano Bocchi

Download or read book Impact of Agricultural Practices on Biodiversity of Soil Invertebrates written by Stefano Bocchi and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-01-06 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil fauna plays a key role in many soil functions, such as organic matter decomposition, humus formation, and nutrient release, modifying soil structure, and improving its fertility. Soil invertebrates play key roles in determining soil suitability for agricultural production and realizing sustainable farming systems. They include an enormous diversity of arthropods, nematodes, and earthworms. However, this fauna suffers from the impact of agricultural activities with implications for the capacity of soil to maintain its fertility and provide ecosystem services. Some agricultural practices may create crucial soil habitat changes, with consequences for invertebrate biodiversity. In the few last decades, especially under intensive and specialized farming systems, a loss in soil ecosystem services has been observed, as a result of the reduction in both the abundance and taxonomic diversity of soil faunal communities. On the other hand, agricultural practices, based on sustainable soil management, can promote useful soil fauna. Therefore, the concerns about the sensibility of soil biota to the agricultural practices make it urgent to develop sustainable management strategies, able to realize favorable microclimate and habitats, and reduce the soil disturbance.

The Biology of Disturbed Habitats

Author : Lawrence R. Walker
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199575290
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis The Biology of Disturbed Habitats by : Lawrence R. Walker

Download or read book The Biology of Disturbed Habitats written by Lawrence R. Walker and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a global summary of the biology of disturbance ecology, this text offers both the conceptual underpinnings and practical advice required to comprehend and address the unprecedented environmental challenges facing humans. It examines both natural and anthropogenic disturbances in aquatic and terrestrial habitats.