Moral Resilience

Download Moral Resilience PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190619295
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Moral Resilience by : Cynda Hylton Rushton

Download or read book Moral Resilience written by Cynda Hylton Rushton and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-02 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suffering is an unavoidable reality in health care. Not only are patients and families suffering but also the clinicians who care for them. Commonly the suffering experienced by clinicians is moral in nature, in part a reflection of the increasing complexity of health care, their roles within it, and the expanding range of available interventions. Moral suffering is the anguish that occurs when the burdens of treatment appear to outweigh the benefits; scarce human and material resources must be allocated; informed consent is incomplete or inadequate; or there are disagreements about goals of treatment among patients, families or clinicians. Each is a source of moral adversity that challenges clinicians' integrity: the inner harmony that arises when their essential values and commitments are aligned with their choices and actions. If moral suffering is unrelieved it can lead to disengagement, burnout, and undermine the quality of clinical care. The most studied response to moral adversity is moral distress. The sources and sequelae of moral distress, one type of moral suffering, have been documented among clinicians across specialties. It is vital to shift the focus to solutions and to expanded individual and system strategies that mitigate the detrimental effects of moral suffering. Moral resilience, the capacity of an individual to restore or sustain integrity in response to moral adversity, offers a path forward. It encompasses capacities aimed at developing self-regulation and self-awareness, buoyancy, moral efficacy, self-stewardship and ultimately personal and relational integrity. Clinicians and healthcare organizations must work together to transform moral suffering by cultivating the individual capacities for moral resilience and designing a new architecture to support ethical practice. Used worldwide for scalable and sustainable change, the Conscious Full Spectrum approach, offers a method to solve problems to support integrity, shift patterns that undermine moral resilience and ethical practice, and source the inner potential of clinicians and leaders to produce meaningful and sustainable results that benefit all.

Intentional Integrity

Download Intentional Integrity PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : St. Martin's Press
ISBN 13 : 1250270812
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (52 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Intentional Integrity by : Robert Chesnut

Download or read book Intentional Integrity written by Robert Chesnut and published by St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 2020-07-28 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silicon Valley expert Robert Chesnut shows that companies that do not think seriously about a crucial element of corporate culture—integrity—are destined to fail. “Show of hands—who in this group has integrity?” It’s with this direct and often uncomfortable question that Robert Chesnut, General Counsel of Airbnb, begins every presentation to new employees. Defining integrity is difficult. Once understood as “telling the truth and keeping your word,” it was about following not just the letter but the spirit of the law. But in a moment when workplaces are becoming more diverse, global, and connected, silence about integrity creates ambiguities about right and wrong that make everyone uncertain, opening the door for the minority of people to rationalize selfish behavior. Trust in most traditional institutions is down—government, religious organizations, and higher education—and there’s a dark cloud hovering over technology. But this is precisely where companies come in; as peoples’ faith in establishments deteriorates, they’re turning to their employer for stability. In Intentional Integrity, Chesnut offers a six-step process for leaders to foster and manage a culture of integrity at work. He explains the rationale and legal context for the ethics and practices, and presents scenarios to illuminate the nuances of thinking deeply and objectively about workplace culture. We will always need governments to manage defense, infrastructure, and basic societal functions. But, Chesnut argues, the private sector has the responsibility to use sensitivity and flexibility to make broader progress—if they act with integrity. "Rob is an insider who's combined doing good with doing business well in two iconic Silicon Valley companies. His book contains smart, practical advice for anyone looking to do good and do well.” —Reid Hoffman, co-founder of LinkedIn and author of Blitzscaling

Integrity and the Virtues of Reason

Download Integrity and the Virtues of Reason PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107354749
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (73 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Integrity and the Virtues of Reason by : Greg Scherkoske

Download or read book Integrity and the Virtues of Reason written by Greg Scherkoske and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many people have claimed that integrity requires sticking to one's convictions come what may. Greg Scherkoske challenges this claim, arguing that it creates problems in distinguishing integrity from fanaticism, close-mindedness or mere inertia. Rather, integrity requires sticking to one's convictions to the extent that they are justifiable and likely to be correct. In contrast to traditional views of integrity, Scherkoske contends that it is an epistemic virtue intimately connected to what we know and have reason to believe, rather than an essentially moral virtue connected to our values. He situates integrity in the context of shared cognitive and practical agency and shows that the relationship between integrity and impartial morality is not as antagonistic as many have thought - which has important implications for the 'integrity objection' to impartial moral theories. This original and provocative study will be of great interest to advanced students and scholars of ethics.

Tracking Wonder

Download Tracking Wonder PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Sounds True
ISBN 13 : 1683646894
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (836 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Tracking Wonder by : Jeffrey Davis

Download or read book Tracking Wonder written by Jeffrey Davis and published by Sounds True. This book was released on 2021-11-16 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover how the lost art of wonder can help you cultivate greater creativity, resilience, meaning, and joy as you bring your greatest contributions to life. Beyond grit, focus, and 10,000 hours lies a surprising advantage that all creatives have—wonder. Far from child’s play, wonder is the one radical quality that has led exemplary people from all walks of life to move toward the fruition of their deepest dreams and wildest endeavors—and it can do so for you, too. “Wonder is a quiet disruptor of unseen biases,” writes Jeffrey Davis. “It dissolves our habitual ways of seeing and thinking so that we may glimpse anew the beauty of what is real, true, and possible.” Rich with wisdom, inspiring stories, and practical tools, Tracking Wonder invites us to explore how the lost art of wonder can inspire a life of greater joy, possibility, and purpose. You’ll discover: The six facets of wonder—key qualities to help you cultivate the art of wonder in your work, relationships, and lifeHow wonder can help us fertilize creativity, sustain the motivation to pursue big ideas, navigate uncertainty and crises, deepen our relationships, and moreThe biases against wonder—moving beyond societal and internalized resistance to our inherent giftsWhy experiencing wonder isn’t really about achieving goals—though that happens—but about how we live each dayInspiring stories of people whose experiences of wonder helped them move through the unthinkable to create extraordinary livesPractical exercises, tools, and reflections to help you begin your own practice of tracking wonder A refreshing counter-voice to the exhausting narrative hyper-productivity, Tracking Wonder is a welcome guide for experiencing more meaning and joy in the present moment as you bring your greatest contributions to life.

Integrity

Download Integrity PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Harper Collins
ISBN 13 : 0060928077
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (69 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Integrity by : Stephen L. Carter

Download or read book Integrity written by Stephen L. Carter and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 1996-12-19 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do we care more about winning than about playing by the rules? Integrity - all of us are in favor of it, but nobody seems to know how to make sure that we get it. From presidential candidates to crusading journalists to the lords of collegiate sports, everybody promises to deliver integrity, yet all too often, the promises go unfulfilled. Stephen Carter examines why the virtue of integrity holds such sway over the American political imagination. By weaving together insights from philosophy, theology, history and law, along with examples drawn from current events and a dose of personal experience, Carter offers a vision of integrity that has implications for everything from marriage and politics to professional football. He discusses the difficulties involved in trying to legislate integrity as well as the possibilities for teaching it. As the Cleveland Plain Dealer said, "In a measured and sensible voice, Carter attempts to document some of the paradoxes and pathologies that result from pervasive ethical realism... If the modern drift into relativism has left us in a cultural and political morass, Carter suggests that the assumption of personal integrity is the way out."

The Way of Integrity

Download The Way of Integrity PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1984881485
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (848 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Way of Integrity by : Martha Beck

Download or read book The Way of Integrity written by Martha Beck and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OPRAH’S BOOK CLUB PICK AN INSTANT NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER “A roadmap on the journey to truth and authenticity… [The Way of Integrity] is filled with aha moments and practical exercises that can guide us as we seek enlightenment.” –Oprah Winfrey Bestselling author, life coach, and sociologist Martha Beck explains why “integrity”—needed now more than ever in these tumultuous times—is the key to a meaningful and joyful life As Martha Beck says in her book, “Integrity is the cure for psychological suffering. Period.” In The Way of Integrity, Beck presents a four-stage process that anyone can use to find integrity, and with it, a sense of purpose, emotional healing, and a life free of mental suffering. Much of what plagues us—people pleasing, staying in stale relationships, negative habits—all point to what happens when we are out of touch with what truly makes us feel whole. Inspired by The Divine Comedy, Beck uses Dante’s classic hero’s journey as a framework to break down the process of attaining personal integrity into small, manageable steps. She shows how to read our internal signals that lead us towards our true path, and to recognize what we actually yearn for versus what our culture sells us. With techniques tested on hundreds of her clients, Beck brings her expertise as a social scientist, life coach and human being to help readers to uncover what integrity looks like in their own lives. She takes us on a spiritual adventure that not only will change the direction of our lives, but also bring us to a place of genuine happiness.

Integrity in Business and Management

Download Integrity in Business and Management PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317612264
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Integrity in Business and Management by : Marc Orlitzky

Download or read book Integrity in Business and Management written by Marc Orlitzky and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-07-06 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the interconnectedness of integrity with philosophical history, leadership, managerial decision-making, and organizational effectiveness in a wide variety of contexts (e.g., time theft in organizations and family business). Well-known researchers in business ethics from all around the world reframe the literature on integrity in business and management and develop updated and more comprehensive models of integrity. Integrity in Business and Management connects integrity to both ancient thought and the modern philosophy of pragmatism, but also explains how contemporary societal trends may shape the way we think about integrity. The final chapter warns against oversocialized conceptualizations of integrity and argues for a clear differentiation between personal integrity and moral integrity. Aimed at researchers and academics in the fields of business ethics and organizational leadership, Integrity in Business and Management explicates and critiques prior models of managerial integrity in a wide variety of disciplines, covering economics, moral philosophy, business ethics, organizational behavior, sociology, history, and psychology and offers a helpful set of readings in advanced undergraduate and postgraduate courses of business ethics, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, and leadership to stimulate discussions about personal integrity, moral integrity, and organizational leadership.

Integrity and Conscience

Download Integrity and Conscience PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 081473961X
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (147 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Integrity and Conscience by : Ian Shapiro

Download or read book Integrity and Conscience written by Ian Shapiro and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 1998-04-01 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can individuals believe that they are acting with integrity, yet in disobedience to the dictates of their conscience? Can they retain fidelity to their conscience while ignoring a sense of what integrity requires? Integrity and conscience are often thought to be closely related, perhaps even different aspects of a single impulse. This timely book supports a different and more complicated view. Acting with integrity and obeying one's conscience might be mutually reinforcing in some settings, but in others they can live in varying degrees of mutual tension. Bringing together prominent scholars of legal theory and political philosophy, the volume addresses both classic ruminations on integrity and conscience by Plato, Hume, and Kant as well as more contemporary examinations of professional ethics and the complex relations among politics, law and personal morality.

Handbook for Teacher Educators

Download Handbook for Teacher Educators PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Brill
ISBN 13 : 9789462096943
Total Pages : 137 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (969 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Handbook for Teacher Educators by : Susan Rodrigues

Download or read book Handbook for Teacher Educators written by Susan Rodrigues and published by Brill. This book was released on 2014 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a teacher educator you are (or were) identified as a credible practitioner in your given community of practice. As an early career teacher educator, there is an assumption that the transition from your successful previous position, in a related community of practice, to that of an academic teacher educator will occur through a process of osmosis or instinctive learning in situ. Handbook for Teacher Educators contains chapters written by experienced international teacher educators who draw on their experience and expertise to help early career teacher educators prepare for some of the demands, challenges and rewards. The chapters discuss some of the habits intrinsic to the profession and provide an insight into procedures and practices that are compatible with core professional expectations and professional values. In essence, if you are an early career teacher educator, what is useful to know in order to develop an identity as a knowledgeable skilled teacher educator?

Moral Imagination

Download Moral Imagination PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022622323X
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Moral Imagination by : Mark Johnson

Download or read book Moral Imagination written by Mark Johnson and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-12-10 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using path-breaking discoveries of cognitive science, Mark Johnson argues that humans are fundamentally imaginative moral animals, challenging the view that morality is simply a system of universal laws dictated by reason. According to the Western moral tradition, we make ethical decisions by applying universal laws to concrete situations. But Johnson shows how research in cognitive science undermines this view and reveals that imagination has an essential role in ethical deliberation. Expanding his innovative studies of human reason in Metaphors We Live By and The Body in the Mind, Johnson provides the tools for more practical, realistic, and constructive moral reflection.

Integrity

Download Integrity PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN 13 : 0773582800
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (735 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Integrity by : Barbara Killinger

Download or read book Integrity written by Barbara Killinger and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 2010 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How to restore integrity so that social values can be upheld and family welfare strengthened.

Corporate Integrity

Download Corporate Integrity PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521844819
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Corporate Integrity by : Marvin T. Brown

Download or read book Corporate Integrity written by Marvin T. Brown and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-04-21 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What do corporations look like when they have integrity, and how can we move more companies in that direction? Corporate Integrity offers a timely, comprehensive framework- and practical business lessons - bringing together questions of organizational design, communication practices, working relationships, and leadership styles to answer this question. Marvin T. Brown explores the five key challenges facing modern businesses as they try to respond ethically to cultural, interpersonal, organizational, civic and environmental challenges. He demonstrates that if corporations are to meet the needs of civil society, they must facilitate inclusive communication patterns based on mutual recognition and civic cooperation. Corporate Integrity is essential reading for professionals in organizational ethics, business leaders, and graduate students looking for practical and reflective insights into doing business with integrity and purpose.

Understanding Medical Professionalism

Download Understanding Medical Professionalism PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN 13 : 0071807446
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (718 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Understanding Medical Professionalism by : American Board of Internal Medicine Foundation

Download or read book Understanding Medical Professionalism written by American Board of Internal Medicine Foundation and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2014-04-22 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking text on how to deliver the highest quality patient care through professionalism in daily medical practice Five Star Doody’s Review: “This is an outstanding book for all clinicians and professors, indeed for everyone in medicine to help mentor and self-police the medical profession.” "Understanding Medical Professionalism is a 'must-have' for all involved in the healing arts. The book demystifies professionalism, bringing it from a philosophical, mystical concept to a practical everyday set of behaviors. The twelve chapters, in a uniform way, provide wonderful, real-life stories that illustrate the challenges faced by practitioners, describe ways to deal with those challenges, and help develop the personal and institutional skills necessary to provide excellent and compassionate care." -- Carlos A. Pellegrini, MD, FACS, FRCSI (Hon.), The Henry N. Harkins Professor and Chair, Department of Surgery, University of Washington "Insightful, practical, and authoritative. Building on their own research and that of others, Levinson et al. offer a comprehensive discussion of medical professionalism from the refreshing perspective of behavioral skills and an enabling healthcare system. Understanding Medical Professionalism has fundamentally reframed the professionalism debate and will likely remain the definitive work in this field for quite some time." -- David G. Nichols, MD, President and CEO, The American Board of Pediatrics "The authors' ambitious goal of providing a framework for the continuum of physician development of professional behaviors, from student through expert senior clinician, has been met. Students will find the text modular and instructive; residents will benefit from the reinforcement of positive professional behaviors and explication of strategies to excel in this competency; educational program directors will find the framework and tools for assessment and strategies for remediation enriching; and the expert professional will find subtle opportunities to grow to mastership of this most important physician competency." -- Thomas J. Nasca, MD, MACP, Chief Executive Officer, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Professor of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College "The authors offer a framework and an approach to medical professionalism that enable us to understand it, teach it, and incorporate it into our day-to-day lives as health professionals. It is a much needed addition to our armamentarium as we work to align the education of health professionals with the needs and expectations of the society we serve." -- George E. Thibault, MD, President, Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation

Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics

Download Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139455109
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics by : Tara Smith

Download or read book Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics written by Tara Smith and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-04-03 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ayn Rand is well known for advocating egoism, but the substance of that instruction is rarely understood. Far from representing the rejection of morality, selfishness, in Rand's view, actually demands the practice of a systematic code of ethics. This book explains the fundamental virtues that Rand considers vital for a person to achieve his objective well-being: rationality, honesty, independence, justice, integrity, productiveness, and pride. Tracing Rand's account of the harmony of human beings' rational interests, Smith examines what each of these virtues consists of, why it is a virtue, and what it demands of a person in practice. Along the way she addresses the status of several conventional virtues within Rand's theory, considering traits such as kindness, charity, generosity, temperance, courage, forgiveness, and humility. Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics thus offers an in-depth exploration of several specific virtues and an illuminating integration of these with the broader theory of egoism.

Intrinsic Hope

Download Intrinsic Hope PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : New Society Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1771422556
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (714 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Intrinsic Hope by : Kate Davies

Download or read book Intrinsic Hope written by Kate Davies and published by New Society Publishers. This book was released on 2018-05-01 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A different kind of hope for living in these turbulent times Climate disruption. Growing social inequality. Pollution. We are living in an era of unprecedented crises, resulting in widespread feelings of fear, despair, and grief. Now, more than ever, maintaining hope for the future is a monumental task. Intrinsic Hope offers a powerful antidote to these feelings. It shows how conventional ideas of hope are rooted in the belief that life will conform to our wishes and how this leads to disappointment, despair, and a dismal view of the future. As an alternative, it offers "intrinsic hope," a powerful, liberating, and positive approach to life based on having a deep trust in whatever happens. The author, a hopeful survivor, shows how to cultivate intrinsic hope through practical tips and six mindful habits for living a positive, courageous life in these troubled times. Whether working directly on ecological or social issues or worried about children and grandchildren, this book is for everyone concerned about the future and looking for a deeper source of hope for a better world. AWARDS GOLD | 2018 Nautilus Book Awards: Social Grand Prize Overall Winner GOLD | 2018 Nautilus Book Awards: Personal Growth

Fierce Conversations (Revised and Updated)

Download Fierce Conversations (Revised and Updated) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 9780425193372
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (933 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fierce Conversations (Revised and Updated) by : Susan Scott

Download or read book Fierce Conversations (Revised and Updated) written by Susan Scott and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2004-01-06 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fully revised and updated—the national bestselling communication skills guide that will help you achieve personal and professional success one conversation at a time. The master teacher of positive change through powerful communication, Susan Scott wants you to succeed. To do that, she explains, you must transform everyday conversations at work and at home with effective ways to get your message across—and get what you want. In this guide, which includes a workbook and The Seven Principles of Fierce Conversations, Scott teaches you how to: • Overcome barriers to meaningful communication • Expand and enrich relationships with colleagues, friends, and family • Increase clarity and improve understanding • Handle strong emotions—on both sides of the table • Connect with colleagues, customers and family at a deep level Includes a Foreword by Ken Blanchard, the bestselling co-author of The One Minute Manager

Quality Management Principles and Policies in Higher Education

Download Quality Management Principles and Policies in Higher Education PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799810194
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Quality Management Principles and Policies in Higher Education by : Baporikar, Neeta

Download or read book Quality Management Principles and Policies in Higher Education written by Baporikar, Neeta and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-08-02 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the key elements in determining the socio-economic significance of education is quality. Quality management plays an integral role in higher education by ensuring that quality benchmarks are being met, thereby attributing to its prestige, increased enrollment, and student success. Quality management policies must be successfully implemented for the institution to thrive. With quality management still in the growing stage, research is needed regarding the applications, challenges, and benefits of these policies within advanced academics. Quality Management Principles and Policies in Higher Education provides emerging research exploring the theoretical aspects of quality management policies and applications within the educational field. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as faculty involvement, administration practices, and critical success factors, this book is ideally designed for educators, administrators, educational consultants, researchers, policymakers, stakeholders, deans, provosts, chancellors, academicians, and students seeking current research on successfully implementing quality management systems in teaching, learning, and administrative processes.