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Accounting Discretion And Managerial Conservatism
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Book Synopsis Earnings Management, Conservatism, and Earnings Quality by : Ralf Ewert
Download or read book Earnings Management, Conservatism, and Earnings Quality written by Ralf Ewert and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earnings Management, Conservatism, and Earnings Quality reviews and illustrates earnings management, conservatism, and their effects on earnings quality in an economic modeling framework. Both earnings management and conservative accounting introduce biases to financial reports. The fundamental issue addressed is what economic effects these biases have on earnings quality or financial reporting quality. Earnings Management, Conservatism, and Earnings Quality reviews analytical models of earnings management and conservatism and shows that both can have beneficial or detrimental economic effects, so a differentiated view is appropriate. Earnings management can provide additional information via the financial reporting communication channel, but it can also be used to misrepresent the firm's position. What the authors find is that similar to earnings management, conservatism can reduce the information content of financial reports if it suppresses relevant information, but it can be a desirable feature that improves economic efficiency. The approach to study earnings management, conservatism, and earnings quality is based on the information economics literature. A variety of analytical models are reviewed that capture the effects and subtle interactions of managers' incentives and rational expectations of users. The benefit of analytical models is to make precise these, often highly complex, strategic effects. They offer a rigorous explanation for the phenomena and show that sometimes conventional wisdom does not apply. The monograph is organized around a few basic model settings, which are presented in simple versions first and then in extensions to elicit the main insights most clearly. Chapter 2 presents the basic rational expectations equilibrium model with earnings management and rational inferences by the capital market. Chapter 3 is devoted to earnings quality and earnings quality metrics used in many studies. Chapter 4 studies conservatism in accounting. Finally, the authors examine the interaction between conservatism and earnings management. Each chapter ends with a section containing a summary of the main findings and conclusions.
Book Synopsis Earnings Quality by : Jennifer Francis
Download or read book Earnings Quality written by Jennifer Francis and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2008 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review lays out a research perspective on earnings quality. We provide an overview of alternative definitions and measures of earnings quality and a discussion of research design choices encountered in earnings quality research. Throughout, we focus on a capital markets setting, as opposed, for example, to a contracting or stewardship setting. Our reason for this choice stems from the view that the capital market uses of accounting information are fundamental, in the sense of providing a basis for other uses, such as stewardship. Because resource allocations are ex ante decisions while contracting/stewardship assessments are ex post evaluations of outcomes, evidence on whether, how and to what degree earnings quality influences capital market resource allocation decisions is fundamental to understanding why and how accounting matters to investors and others, including those charged with stewardship responsibilities. Demonstrating a link between earnings quality and, for example, the costs of equity and debt capital implies a basic economic role in capital allocation decisions for accounting information; this role has only recently been documented in the accounting literature. We focus on how the precision of financial information in capturing one or more underlying valuation-relevant constructs affects the assessment and use of that information by capital market participants. We emphasize that the choice of constructs to be measured is typically contextual. Our main focus is on the precision of earnings, which we view as a summary indicator of the overall quality of financial reporting. Our intent in discussing research that evaluates the capital market effects of earnings quality is both to stimulate further research in this area and to encourage research on related topics, including, for example, the role of earnings quality in contracting and stewardship.
Book Synopsis Management Through Accounts by : James Harris Bliss
Download or read book Management Through Accounts written by James Harris Bliss and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Econometrics by Example by : Damodar Gujarati
Download or read book Econometrics by Example written by Damodar Gujarati and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-16 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this bestselling textbook retains its unique learning-by-doing approach to econometrics. Rather than relying on complex theoretical discussions and complicated mathematics, this book explains econometrics from a practical point of view by walking the student through real-life examples, step by step. Damodar Gujarati's clear, concise, writing style guides students from model formulation, to estimation and hypothesis-testing, through to post-estimation diagnostics. The basic statistics needed to follow the book are covered in an appendix, making the book a flexible and self-contained learning resource. The textbook is ideal for undergraduate students in economics, business, marketing, finance, operations research and related disciplines. It is also intended for students in MBA programs across the social sciences, and for researchers in business, government and research organizations who require econometrics. New to this Edition: - Two brand new chapters on Quantile Regression Modeling and Multivariate Regression Models. - Two further additional chapters on hierarchical linear regression models and bootstrapping are available on the book's website - New extended examples accompanied by real-life data - New student exercises at the end of each chapter
Book Synopsis Accounting is an Evolved Economic Institution by : Gregory B. Waymire
Download or read book Accounting is an Evolved Economic Institution written by Gregory B. Waymire and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2008 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accounting is an Evolved Economic Institution summarizes accounting history over the past ten thousand years and can be used as a primer of accounting history.
Book Synopsis Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment by : National Research Council
Download or read book Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public depends on competent risk assessment from the federal government and the scientific community to grapple with the threat of pollution. When risk reports turn out to be overblownâ€"or when risks are overlookedâ€"public skepticism abounds. This comprehensive and readable book explores how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) can improve its risk assessment practices, with a focus on implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. With a wealth of detailed information, pertinent examples, and revealing analysis, the volume explores the "default option" and other basic concepts. It offers two views of EPA operations: The first examines how EPA currently assesses exposure to hazardous air pollutants, evaluates the toxicity of a substance, and characterizes the risk to the public. The second, more holistic, view explores how EPA can improve in several critical areas of risk assessment by focusing on cross-cutting themes and incorporating more scientific judgment. This comprehensive volume will be important to the EPA and other agencies, risk managers, environmental advocates, scientists, faculty, students, and concerned individuals.
Book Synopsis The Financial Reporting Quality of Public Companies by : Katarzyna Mokrzycka-Kogut
Download or read book The Financial Reporting Quality of Public Companies written by Katarzyna Mokrzycka-Kogut and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-09-23 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The factors determining the formation of accounting principles in different countries have long been studied. Cultural conditions have been identified as one of the reasons for national variations. This issue is particularly important when there is an effort to harmonise and standardise accounting principles, in order to create a uniform system, which may be adopted globally. This book explores the impact of cultural conditions on the financial reporting quality of public companies preparing financial statements according to International Accounting Standards (IAS) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). It discusses the main trends in the theory of capital and earnings in the economy. The book focuses on the relationship between the cultural dimensions under analysis, such as power distance, individualism/collectivism, masculinity/feminity, strong uncertainty/weak uncertainty, short/ long time orientation and indulgence/restraint, and the properties of the financial results; persistence, predictive value, accrual adjustments and earnings smoothing. It identifies the determinants - cultural conditions that have a statistically material impact, either positive or negative, on various attributes of the quality of the financial results of public companies. The book contains an up-to-date, in-depth description of the financial statements of public companies, across of variety of countries and sectors. The publication is addressed to researchers and students concerned with the functioning of capital markets and financial reporting quality and those who would like to expand their knowledge in the field of behavioural finance, as well as investors in capital markets.
Book Synopsis Accounting Conservatism and the Stock Market by : Carlo D’Augusta
Download or read book Accounting Conservatism and the Stock Market written by Carlo D’Augusta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Managerial Overconfidence: Different Thinking through Different Education by : Maximilian Margolin
Download or read book Managerial Overconfidence: Different Thinking through Different Education written by Maximilian Margolin and published by Anchor Academic Publishing (aap_verlag). This book was released on 2014-02-01 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In literature, overconfidence has been blamed for economic bubbles and crises as well as for international conflicts and wars. While education has already been shown to impact one’s level of overconfidence previous research focused on the length and profoundness of education. This study, in contrast, examines the connection between overconfidence and the field in which a person has been educated. The issues covered are therefore how education and mind set are related, why a differentiation between “quantitative” and “qualitative” education makes sense in this context, and how different mind-sets influence an individual’s proneness to overconfidence. Drawing on the dual process concept of reasoning from psychology it is argued that the focus of one’s education may have an influence on individual levels of overconfidence through distinct ways of reasoning that are acquired and practiced during higher education. As support for this theory, data on the overconfidence of CEOs of the largest German companies is used and experiments for future research on this topic are suggested.
Book Synopsis Accounting Choices in Family Firms by : Silvia Ferramosca
Download or read book Accounting Choices in Family Firms written by Silvia Ferramosca and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-13 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a critical analysis of the current state of knowledge on the relationship between family firms and a wide range of accounting choices, including earnings management, accounting conservatism, and financial and non-financial disclosure. In examining the choices made in family firms, the authors explore and elucidate the relevance of agency, socioemotional wealth, stewardship, and resource-based theories. Readers will also find close consideration of the impacts of a country’s culture and societal values on accounting choices. In particular, further evidence is provided on the impact of different cultures on accounting conservatism in family businesses. Finally, avenues for future accounting research on family firms are discussed, highlighting theoretical and empirical challenges. In addition to offering a revealing analysis of the influence of ownership types and cultures on accounting choices within family firms, the book identifies significant practical implications for the management of family firms and policy implications for regulators and standard setters.
Book Synopsis Focus on Finance and Accounting Research by : Michael H. Neelan
Download or read book Focus on Finance and Accounting Research written by Michael H. Neelan and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preface; The Role of Revenues and Costs in CEO Compensation; The Importance of Intellectual Capital Reporting: Perspectives from Finance Professionals; Has Regulation Changed the Market's Reward for Meeting or Beating Expectations?; Reaction of the Brazilian Stock Market to Positive and Negative Shocks; Earnings Management to Meet Earnings Benchmarks: Evidence from Japan; Audit in Ukraine; Auditor Reputation and Auditor Independence: Evidence from an Emerging Market; Trends of the Returns-Earnings Associations Over the Last Three Decades; Managers' Discretionary Behaviour, Earnings Management and Corporate Governance: An Empirical International Analysis; Index.
Book Synopsis Conditional and Unconditional Conservatism by : Julia Nasev
Download or read book Conditional and Unconditional Conservatism written by Julia Nasev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-28 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Julia Nasev examines the impact of conservative accounting numbers on valuation estimates and on real economic decisions such as cost stickiness.
Book Synopsis Perspectives on Corporate Governance by : F. Scott Kieff
Download or read book Perspectives on Corporate Governance written by F. Scott Kieff and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The events that began with the collapse of Enron, WorldCom, Tyco, and Adelphia and continued into the financial crisis of 2008 teach us an important lesson: corporate governance matters. Although it is widely acknowledged that good corporate governance is a linchpin of good corporate performance, how can one improve corporate governance and its impact on corporate and overall economic performance. This book offers a diverse and forward-looking set of approaches from experts, covering the major areas of corporate governance reform and analyzing the full range of issues and concerns. Written to be both theoretically rigorous and grounded in the real world, the book is well suited for practicing lawyers, managers, lawmakers, and analysts, as well as academics conducting research or teaching a wide range of courses in law schools, business schools, and economics departments.
Book Synopsis Accounting and Debt Markets by : Mark Clatworthy
Download or read book Accounting and Debt Markets written by Mark Clatworthy and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-05-13 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accounting and Debt Markets: Four Pieces on the Role of Accounting Information in Debt Markets provides novel and up-to-date evidence on the role of accounting information in debt markets Companies and organisations worldwide rely heavily on debt markets for short, medium and long-term financing, and debt markets and financial intermediaries have significant effects on the real economy. Accounting information has various functions in debt markets, including inter alia, informing pricing decisions and credit ratings, determining the allocation of creditor control rights and establishing bank capital adequacy requirements. The chapters in this book provide illustrative discussion, analysis and evidence on the importance of accounting information in credit markets. The first of the four pieces reflects on how a conservative financial reporting system helps firms obtain debt funds and with better conditions, and why this is the case. The second examines the effects of accounting disclosure on credit ratings of private companies and shows that accounting information is useful for credit rating agencies. The two final pieces reflect on how banks should account for credit losses, and on how regulators are tackling this issue. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Accounting and Business Research.
Book Synopsis Final Accounting by : Barbara Ley Toffler
Download or read book Final Accounting written by Barbara Ley Toffler and published by Currency. This book was released on 2004-04-13 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A withering exposé of the unethical practices that triggered the indictment and collapse of the legendary accounting firm. Arthur Andersen's conviction on obstruction of justice charges related to the Enron debacle spelled the abrupt end of the 88-year-old accounting firm. Until recently, the venerable firm had been regarded as the accounting profession's conscience. In Final Accounting, Barbara Ley Toffler, former Andersen partner-in-charge of Andersen's Ethics & Responsible Business Practices consulting services, reveals that the symptoms of Andersen's fatal disease were evident long before Enron. Drawing on her expertise as a social scientist and her experience as an Andersen insider, Toffler chronicles how a culture of arrogance and greed infected her company and led to enormous lapses in judgment among her peers. Final Accounting exposes the slow deterioration of values that led not only to Enron but also to the earlier financial scandals of other Andersen clients, including Sunbeam and Waste Management, and illustrates the practices that paved the way for the accounting fiascos at WorldCom and other major companies. Chronicling the inner workings of Andersen at the height of its success, Toffler reveals "the making of an Android," the peculiar process of employee indoctrination into the Andersen culture; how Androids—both accountants and consultants--lived the mantra "keep the client happy"; and how internal infighting and "billing your brains out" rather than quality work became the all-important goals. Toffler was in a position to know when something was wrong. In her earlier role as ethics consultant, she worked with over 60 major companies and was an internationally renowned expert at spotting and correcting ethical lapses. Toffler traces the roots of Andersen's ethical missteps, and shows the gradual decay of a once-proud culture. Uniquely qualified to discuss the personalities and principles behind one of the greatest shake-ups in United States history, Toffler delivers a chilling report with important ramifications for CEOs and individual investors alike.
Download or read book Management Science written by and published by . This book was released on 2005-05 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues for Feb. 1965-Aug. 1967 include Bulletin of the Institute of Management Sciences.
Book Synopsis Why Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion Matter: Challenges And Solutions by : Bin Srinidhi
Download or read book Why Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion Matter: Challenges And Solutions written by Bin Srinidhi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2023-12-05 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book integrates the current research on diversity, equity, and inclusion with corporate practice and describes how these initiatives affect organizations' morale, performance, and output. Academic researchers, corporate executives tasked with implementing Diversity, Equity & Inclusion (DEI), and regulators face the problem of balancing DEI initiatives, which could generate diverse ideas beneficial to the organization, with concerns about diluting meritocracy. Building a diverse workforce could improve both organizational well-being and social harmony. Research has shown that building a diverse workforce often results in communication and coordination issues and unjustified pay and performance gaps, engendering feelings of exclusion among diverse individuals. The book describes how organizations address these issues in various settings ranging from accounting firms to health care providers. It covers settings with gender and racial diversities and clarifies the difference between equality and equity. Its coverage includes dealing with concealable disabilities and promoting equity across diverse populations in organizational and social settings.
