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Accounting And Distributive Justice
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Book Synopsis Accounting and Distributive Justice by : John Flower
Download or read book Accounting and Distributive Justice written by John Flower and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-08-09 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accounting and Distributive Justice challenges the basic assumptions on which the current practice of financial reporting is based. It argues that the objective of financial reporting should be to contribute to the achievement of distributive justice and not the optimal allocation of resources as in the traditional capitalist paradigm. It explains in non-technical terms the principle philosophical theories of justice and argues that a firm has a moral responsibility to seek distributive justice in its dealings with its shareholders, employees, suppliers, customers, and other people with whom it has dealings, who are considered to be the firm’s stakeholders. The book introduces concepts of distributive justice to accountants and provokes them into reflecting on how the discipline of accounting can best serve the cause of justice. Accounting and Distributive Justice provides both a philosophical foundation and a practical game plan for the future of a more sustainable accounting practice.
Book Synopsis Theories of Distributive Justice by : Jeppe Platz
Download or read book Theories of Distributive Justice written by Jeppe Platz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How should we design our economic systems? Should we tax the rich at a higher rate than the poor? Should we have a minimum wage? Should the state provide healthcare for all? These and many related questions are the subject of distributive justice, and different theories of distributive justice provide different ways to think about and answer such questions. This book provides a thorough introduction to the main theories of distributive justice and reveals the underlying sources of our disagreements about economic policy. It argues that the universe of theories of distributive justice is surprisingly simple, yet complicated. It is simple in that the main theories of distributive justice are just four in number, and in that these theories each offer a distinct, well-defined theoretical approach to distributive justice; yet it is complicated in that the main theories disagree at several distinct, fundamental levels, and in that it is possible to spin innumerable new theories from the elements of the four main theories. Key Features: Covers the four major theories of distributive justice and their leading philosophers, elucidating the attractions and drawbacks of each: Friedrich A. von Hayek and right-liberalism; John Rawls and left-liberalism; Robert Nozick and libertarianism; Gerald A. Cohen and socialism. Explains why these four theories have come to dominate most philosophical discussions on distributive justice, highlighting the essential answer provided in each that is lacking in other theories. Written for any reader interested in the topic, with an annotated reading list at the end of each chapter and helpful glossary at the back of the book.
Book Synopsis The Social Function of Accounts by : John Flower
Download or read book The Social Function of Accounts written by John Flower and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-05-25 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accountancy as presently practised is tied to the paradigm of modern financial capitalism with its reliance on market solutions and the maximization of the firm’s profits, which are the fundamental causes of most these problems. The Social Function of Accounts argues that accountancy, as currently organized and practised, is failing society, both in Britain and in the world as a whole. Examining the current problems afflicting the world: financial crises and instability, global warming, degradation of the environment, growing inequality, this book asks the question - what contribution does accountancy make to the solution of these problems? The book argues that the accountancy profession does not serve the public interest, notwithstanding its claim to this effect. The Social Function of Accounts argues that the moral responsibility of the accountant is analysed with reference to the principal theories of ethics continuing that the individual accountant has a moral responsibility to consider the impact of his actions on other people and on society as a whole. This responsibility is then analysed in a series of chapters dealing with four specific aspects of the matter: Distributive Justice, Sustainability, Financial reporting & the Accountancy Profession. Concluding with a call for the accountancy profession to adopt a new ethic of service to the public The Social Function of Accounts redraws the boundaries of current accounting literature and will be vital reading for academics, researchers and policy makers in accounting and related disciplines.
Book Synopsis Fairness in Accounting by : Janice Monti-Belkaoui
Download or read book Fairness in Accounting written by Janice Monti-Belkaoui and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1996-02-16 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Auditor's reports declare that the financial statements contained in them present fairly the results of operations and cash flows, in conformity with generally accepting accounting principles. Users of accounting information are guaranteed that the auditors have attempted to be fair in their presentation — but what does this actually mean, and are there other ways in which the fairness concept comes into play? Monti-Belkaoui and Riahi-Belkaoui explore these matters in concise, readable detail, not only for their colleagues in the academic community but for professionals in accounting firms as well. Fairness has an important place in the practice of accounting. It is stated in the auditor's report that the financial statements present fairly the results of operations and cash flows for the year ended in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. The statement presents to the users and the market the guarantee that the accountants (as preparers) and the auditors (as attestors) have strived to be fair. This conventional nature of the concept of fairness is fairness in presentation, connoting an idea of neutrality in the preparation and presentation of financial reports and the idea of justice in outcome. This view of fairness in accounting as fairness in presentation is rather limited calling for expansion of the notion of fairness to deal with distribution, disclosure and resource allocation considerations. Accordingly, the main objective of this book is to explain the conventional notion of fairness in presentation before elaborating on the more interesting notions of fairness in distribution, fairness in disclosure and fairness in resource allocation. Each of these concepts is presented in a separate chapter. Chapter 1: The Fairness in Presentation will cover the conventional treatment of fairness in accounting as well as resulting limitations and consequences. Chapter 2:IFairness in Distribution will cover the contributions of various theories of justice (Rawls, Nozick, and Gerwith in particular) to different interpretations of fairness in accounting. Chapter 3: rness in DisclosureUsers will cover the avenues available for better disclosure to users in general that meet the interest of all the stakeholders. Chapter 4: rness and Entitlementl show how a moral authority espousing different theories of justice can reduce self-interest as it affects intrafirm distribution and disclosure. The book may be used as a guide to the understanding of the concept of fairness as fairness in presentation and to the expansion of the concept to deal with the more crucial issues of distribution, disclosure, and resource allocation. It should be of interest to members of the accounting profession and accounting students and researchers.
Book Synopsis Accounting and Business Ethics by : Ken McPhail
Download or read book Accounting and Business Ethics written by Ken McPhail and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-06-02 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the enormous impact of various accounting scandals on the accounting profession, the general malaise amongst the profession more broadly, and the significant legislative and institutional reforms that have taken place as a result, there are still surprisingly few textbooks on accounting ethics. This concise introductory text takes a broad view of ethics and accounting, taking into account contemporary social trends, such as globalization and terrorism. Rather than delineating codes of professional conduct, this text pushes the reader towards an understanding of the nature of ethical dilemmas and the factors that influence the ways in which accountants frame ethical questions. The book is divided into two parts. The first part focuses on developing thinking about the different kinds of ethical questions that could be posed in relation to accounting. The second part focuses more explicitly on accounting practice, exploring the ethical function of accounting in relation to the market economy, ethics in relation to the accounting profession, and the ethics of the international accounting harmonization project. Accounting and Business Ethics is a compact introduction aimed at both students and practitioners who want to understand more about the ethics of accounting.
Book Synopsis Distributive Justice, Political Legitimacy, and Independent Financial Insitutions by : Josep Ferret Mas
Download or read book Distributive Justice, Political Legitimacy, and Independent Financial Insitutions written by Josep Ferret Mas and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the present dissertation I present a broad instrumental account of the legitimacy of independent central banks. I claim that if the right institutional design is chosen, and it protects democratic participation in several ways and promotes sorne basic distributional goals of the government, the institution of central bank independence might be legitimate, and thus the government might not weaken its own right to rule, or moral authority to crea te enforceable political obligations, when it delegates control over monetary policy to an independent agency. I also offer a sufficientarian account of the central bank's duties of distributive justice, which claims that the concern to insulate monetary policy from electoral manipulation does not require pursuing only the goal of eliminating inefficiency. The bank should, in addition, protect and promote the basic distributional values of the government. I argue that independent central banks should also protect individuals from unemployment, since monetary policy has such deep effects on employment, and they should to manage the risks generated by financia} regulations in ways that avoid jeopardizing the provision of a social mínimum, a precondition for any legitimate set of basic structural institutions. Finally, the international aspect of my dissertation explores four arguments to claim that the asymmetries between the least competitive countries and their competitors have been exacerbated by the Eurozone and cannot adequately be dealt with by relying only in intra-state solidarity.
Book Synopsis Distributive Justice and Taxation by : Jørgen Pedersen
Download or read book Distributive Justice and Taxation written by Jørgen Pedersen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a thorough examination of distributive justice, Distributive Justice and Taxation presents and discusses different theories of what constitutes a just society, and how goods should be distributed in such a society. The distribution of goods in society has direct and serious consequences on the lives of the people. There are therefore important questions to be asked regarding the justice of that distribution: Is it just that some people inherit large fortunes while others inherit nothing? Do rich people have additional access to political power because of their wealth? If so, is that just? And should the ambition for economic policies be to combat poverty, or to reduce inequality? This book explores these questions and a number of others through the analysis of related theories, spanning from strong egalitarian theories on the left to right-wing libertarianism. The chapters also explicitly examine the case of taxation – one of the most important and controversial measures of distribution of goods in society. Placing emphasis on the case of Norway and using data from both the UK and USA as a point of comparison, the work details and explores the key features of the tax system. It concludes by presenting and evaluating arguments for and against taxes such as income tax, wealth tax, and inheritance tax. This book is essential reading for those interested in distributive justice, as well as students and scholars of philosophy, law, political science, and economics.
Book Synopsis Accounting for Social Value by : Laurie Mook
Download or read book Accounting for Social Value written by Laurie Mook and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accounting for Social Value offers academics, accountants, policy-developers, and members of non-profit, co-operative, and for-profit organizations tools and insights to explore the connections between economic, social, and environmental dimensions.
Book Synopsis Financial Satisfaction and Distributive Justice by : Rosemarie K. Goetz
Download or read book Financial Satisfaction and Distributive Justice written by Rosemarie K. Goetz and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Philosophical Explorations of Justice and Taxation by : Helmut P. Gaisbauer
Download or read book Philosophical Explorations of Justice and Taxation written by Helmut P. Gaisbauer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-20 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents philosophical contributions examining questions of the grounding and justification of taxation and different types of taxes such as inheritance, wealth, consumption or income tax in relation to justice and the concept of a just society. The chapters cover the different levels at which the discussion on taxation and justice takes place: On the principal level, chapters investigate the justification and grounding of taxation as such and the role taxation plays and should play in the design of justice, be it for a just society or a just world order. On a more concrete level, chapters present discussions of these general reflections in more depth and examine different types of taxation, tax systems and their design and implementation. On an applied level, chapters discuss certain specific taxes, such as wealth and inheritance taxes, and examine whether or not a certain tax should be favored and for what reasons as well as why it is just to target certain kinds of assets or income. Finally, this volume contains chapters that discuss the central issue of international and global taxation and their relation to global justice.
Book Synopsis Fairness in Taxation by : Allan M. Maslove
Download or read book Fairness in Taxation written by Allan M. Maslove and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 1993-12-15 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume explore the idea of distributive justice and fairness in taxation. The collection begins with Head’s excellent presentation and analysis of equity in the public finance literature. The other authors, starting from this point, critique and amplify the concept from various philosophical perspectives and academic disciplines.
Book Synopsis Anarchist Accounting by : Anders Sandström
Download or read book Anarchist Accounting written by Anders Sandström and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-29 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about accounting in an alternative libertarian socialist economic system. It explores what information and transactions we need to enable democratic and effective financial decisions by those affected by the decisions. Based on the economic model, participatory economics, the author proposes a set of accounting principles for an economy comprised of common ownership of productive resources, worker and consumer councils, and democratic planning, promoting the model’s core values. The author tackles questions such as how accounting could be organised in an economy with no private equity owners or private lenders and creditors that is not based on greed and competition but instead on cooperation and solidarity. A large part of the book is focused on issues regarding investments; thus, he asks how and on what basis decisions are made about the allocation of an economy’s production between consumption today and investments that enable more consumption in the future, and how investments are accounted for. He also considers how investments in capital assets and production facilities would be decided, financed, and valued if they are not owned by private capital owners and if allocation does not take place through markets but through a form of democratic planning. In answering these questions and more, the author demonstrates that alternative economic systems are indeed possible, and not merely lofty utopias that cannot be put into practice, and inspires further discussion about economic vision. By applying accounting to a new economic setting and offering both technical information and the author’s bold vision, this book is a comprehensive and valuable supplementary text for courses touching on critical accounting theory. It will also appeal to readers interested in alternative kinds of economies.
Book Synopsis Distributive Justice by : John A. Ryan
Download or read book Distributive Justice written by John A. Ryan and published by The Floating Press. This book was released on 2014-02-01 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prominent Catholic thinker John Ryan made significant contributions not only to the field of theology, but also in the areas of social justice and political science. In this insightful volume, Ryan addresses the moral dimension of income distribution and how it impacts the poor in ways that are immediately apparent, as well as more insidious.
Book Synopsis Distributive Justice and Bargaining Solutions by : Nejat Anbarci
Download or read book Distributive Justice and Bargaining Solutions written by Nejat Anbarci and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suppes-Sen Dominance is a commonly accepted criterion of impartiality in distributive justice. Mariotti (1999) characterized the Nash bargaining solution using Nash (1950).s Scale Invariance (SI) axiom and an axiom named Suppes-Sen Proofness (SSP) that embodies the Suppes-Sen principle. By adding a relative equity component to SSP, we first consider a stronger version of it, the Strong Suppes-Sen Proofness (SSSP) property. It turns out that the Egalitarian solution is the unique solution satisfying SSSP. We then consider two weaker versions of SSP, namely WSSP and alpha~WSSP. Yet, it is still possible to characterize the Nash solution by using WSSP and SI only. alpha~WSSP is much weaker than Weak Pareto Optimality (WPO) when alpha= 1. It turns out that it is possible to characterize the Nash solution by using Individual Rationality (IR), SI and alpha~WSSP for any alpha between (0,1).
Book Synopsis Distributive Justice : The Right and Wrong of Our Present Distribution of Wealth by : John Augustine Ryan
Download or read book Distributive Justice : The Right and Wrong of Our Present Distribution of Wealth written by John Augustine Ryan and published by THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. This book was released on 1916 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distributive Justice : The Right and Wrong of Our Present Distribution of Wealth Distributive justice is primarily a problem of incomes rather than of possessions. It is not immediately concerned with John Brown's railway stock, John White's house, or John Smith's automobile. It deals with the morality of such possessions only indirectly and under one aspect; that is, in so far as they have been acquired through income. Moreover, it deals only with those incomes that are derived from participation in the process of production. For example; it considers the labourer's wages, but not the subsidies that he may receive through charity or friendship. Its province is not the distribution of all the goods of the country among all the people of the country, but only the distribution of the products of industry among the classes that have taken part in the making of these products. These classes are four, designated as landowners, capitalists, undertakers or business men, and labourers or wage earners. The individual member of each class is an agent of production, while the instrument or energy that he owns and contributes is a factor of production. Thus, the landowner is an agent of production because he contributes to the productive process the factor known as land, and the capitalist is an agent of production because he contributes the factor known as capital; while the business man and the labourer are agents not only in the sense that they contribute factors to the process, but in the very special sense that their contributions involve the continuous expenditure of human energy. Now the product of industry is [xiv]distributed among these four classes precisely because they are agents of production; that is because they own and put at the disposal of industry the indispensable factors of production. We say that the agents of production "put the factors of production at the disposal of industry," rather than "exercise or operate the factors," because neither the landowner nor the capitalist, as such, expend continuous energy in the productive process. All that is necessary to enforce a claim upon the product is to contribute an instrument or factor without which production cannot be carried on. The product distributed in any country during a single year is variously described by economists as the national product, the national income, the national dividend. It consists not merely of material goods, such as houses, food, clothing, and automobiles, but also of those non-material goods known as services. Such are the tasks performed by the domestic servant, the barber, the chauffeur, the public official, the physician, the teacher; or any other personal service "that is valued, as material commodities are valued, according to their selling prices." Even the services of the clergyman are included in the national income or product, since they are paid for and form a part of the annual supply of good things produced and distributed within the country. In the language of the economist, anything that satisfies a human want is a utility, and forms part of the national wealth; hence there can be no sufficient reason for excluding from the national income goods which minister to spiritual or intellectual wants. The services of the clergyman, the actor, the author, the painter, and the physician are quite as much a part of the utilities of life as the services of the cook, the chambermaid, or the barber; and all are as clearly utilities as bread, hats, houses, or any other material thing. In a general way, therefore, we say that the national product which is available for distribution among the different [xv]productive classes comprises all the utilities, material and non-material, that are produced through human agents and satisfy human desires. In the great majority of instances the product is not distributed in kind. The wheat produced on a given farm is not directly apportioned among the farmers, labourers, and landowners that have co-operated in its production; nor are the shoes turned out by a given factory divided among the co-operating labourers and capitalists; and it is obvious that personal services cannot be returned to the persons that have rendered them. Cases of partial direct distribution do, indeed, occur; as when the tenant takes two-thirds and the landowner one-third of the crop raised by the former on land belonging to the latter; or when the miller receives his compensation in a part of the flour that he grinds. To-day, however, such instances are relatively insignificant. By far the greater part of the material product is sold by the undertaker or business man, and the price is then divided between himself and the other agents of production. All personal services are sold, and the price is obtained by the performers thereof. The farmer sells his wheat, the miller his flour, and the barber his services. With the money received for his part in production each productive agent obtains possession of such kinds and amounts of the national product as his desires dictate and his income will procure. Hence the distribution of the product is effected through the conversion of producers' claims into money, and the exchange of the latter for specific quantities and qualities of the product.
Book Synopsis Social Justice and Political Change by : James R. Kluegel
Download or read book Social Justice and Political Change written by James R. Kluegel and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-06-24 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Theories of Distributive Justice by : Jeppe von Platz
Download or read book Theories of Distributive Justice written by Jeppe von Platz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How should we design our economic systems? Should we tax the rich at a higher rate than the poor? Should we have a minimum wage? Should the state provide healthcare for all? These and many related questions are the subject of distributive justice, and different theories of distributive justice provide different ways to think about and answer such questions. This book provides a thorough introduction to the main theories of distributive justice and reveals the underlying sources of our disagreements about economic policy. It argues that the universe of theories of distributive justice is surprisingly simple, yet complicated. It is simple in that the main theories of distributive justice are just four in number, and in that these theories each offer a distinct, well-defined theoretical approach to distributive justice; yet it is complicated in that the main theories disagree at several distinct, fundamental levels, and in that it is possible to spin innumerable new theories from the elements of the four main theories. Key Features: Covers the four major theories of distributive justice and their leading philosophers, elucidating the attractions and drawbacks of each: Friedrich A. von Hayek and right-liberalism; John Rawls and left-liberalism; Robert Nozick and libertarianism; Gerald A. Cohen and socialism. Explains why these four theories have come to dominate most philosophical discussions on distributive justice, highlighting the essential answer provided in each that is lacking in other theories. Written for any reader interested in the topic, with an annotated reading list at the end of each chapter and helpful glossary at the back of the book.
