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Accessibility Equity And Efficiency
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Book Synopsis Accessibility, Equity and Efficiency by : Karst T. Geurs
Download or read book Accessibility, Equity and Efficiency written by Karst T. Geurs and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tension between efficiency and equity has been the focus of major debate since equity aspects started to be considered as part of project evaluation procedures (Thomopoulos et al. 2009). In this book, we contribute to the debate by focusing on the links and trade-offs between accessibility, economic efficiency and equity in both the developed and developing country contexts.
Book Synopsis Accessibility, Equity and Efficiency by : Karst T. Geurs
Download or read book Accessibility, Equity and Efficiency written by Karst T. Geurs and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-26 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading researchers from around the world show, in this volume, the importance of accessibility in contemporary issues such as rural depopulation, investments in public services and public transport, and transport infrastructure investments in Europe. The trade-offs between accessibility, economic development and equity are comprehensively examined, and a variety of approaches to measuring accessibility and equality presented. The book’s interdisciplinary contributions also provide different geographical contexts, from the US to various European and developing countries, and cover ex ante and ex post evaluation of transport investment. Improving transport accessibility is a main objective in transport policy and planning in developed and developing countries all over the world. Investment is motivated by the need to develop and/or reduce spatial or social inequalities. However, the economic and equity implications of investments in transport are not straightforward. The concepts of accessibility and equity can be defined and operationalized in many different ways, influencing outcomes and conclusions. Moreover, equity and efficiency goals are often conflicting. Accessibility models not only help to explain spatial and transport patterns in developed and developing countries but are also powerful tools to explain the equity and efficiency impacts of urban and transport policies and projects. This state-of-the-art overview of the accessibility–economic efficiency–equity relationship will appeal to researchers as well as transport and urban planners interested in accessibility issues and transport/regional developments.
Book Synopsis Reconciling Efficiency and Equity by : Damien Gerard
Download or read book Reconciling Efficiency and Equity written by Damien Gerard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a new conceptualization of competition law as economic inequality and its interaction with efficiency become of central concern to policy and decision-makers.
Book Synopsis Efficiency and Equity in Welfare Economics by : PierCarlo Nicola
Download or read book Efficiency and Equity in Welfare Economics written by PierCarlo Nicola and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-16 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing efficiency in generating national income and improving equity in its distribution among economic agents is at the forefront of priorities of most modern economies. This book presents a model which aims to maximize a symmetrical welfare function under certain constraints which consider both efficiency and equity, i.e. taxes and subsidies, implemented by a public authority. The model is numerically implemented and considers a set of economic agents with starting incomes that satisfy Pareto income law under various values of the alpha parameter. Also, the model implementations respect the social production function. Various experiments are presented which show how income inequality (measured by means of the Lorenz curve and, what I call, the Lorenz-Gini inequality index) and measures of poverty are sensibly reduced by redistributing national income without lowering efficiency in production. A case study, or application, of Italian personal income in 2008 is also presented.
Author :Richard Cookson Publisher :Handbooks in Health Economic Evaluation ISBN 13 :0198838190 Total Pages :385 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (988 download)
Book Synopsis Distributional Cost-Effectiveness Analysis by : Richard Cookson
Download or read book Distributional Cost-Effectiveness Analysis written by Richard Cookson and published by Handbooks in Health Economic Evaluation. This book was released on 2020-09-30 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health inequalities blight lives, generate enormous costs, and exist everywhere. This book is the definitive all-in-one guide for anyone who wishes to learn about, commission, and use distributional cost-effectiveness analysis to promote both equity and efficiency in health and healthcare.
Book Synopsis Equity and Well-Being by : Hyun Hwa Son
Download or read book Equity and Well-Being written by Hyun Hwa Son and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-03 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Equity is an abstract concept covering philosophical issues such as fairness and social justice, making its definition and measurement complex. This volume tackles these complexities head-on. The book is enriched with many empirical analyses and provides a comprehensive analysis of equity ranging from concepts and measurements to empirical illustrations and policy implications. After an extensive discussion on equity in the introduction, this volume begins with a chapter on well-being where the concepts of functioning and capability are discussed. This is followed by a few chapters on what an equitable distribution is and how equity can be measured. The volume then provides a definition and a methodology to measure equitable growth, examining the relationship between growth, inequality, and poverty. It also presents various empirical illustrations and country-specific experiences with three country case studies which assess whether publicly provided health and education services are equitable in developing Asia, examining the extent to which these social services favor the poor as well as the policy challenges to a more equitable delivery of these services. Finally, these country studies provide evidence–based policy recommendations to improve equity in social service delivery in developing countries. Achieving social equity has long been an important policy goal. There are relatively few studies on equity. This book aims to help fill this gap with an in-depth analysis of the issues associated with equity, covering its concept, measurement, and policy practices and implications.
Book Synopsis Transportation, Land Use and Integration by : I.M. Schoeman
Download or read book Transportation, Land Use and Integration written by I.M. Schoeman and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2017-05-30 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many years the integration of the location of land use and activities in spatial systems, as well as the provision of transport in movement of goods, services and people, has been recognized as a challenge amongst various specialists, including: engineers, transportation planners, economists, environmentalists, urban and regional planners and developers. The purpose of this book is to address transportation modelling in terms of technology, techniques and methodology application in context to the interface between transportation systems, land use planning, and environmental challenges and application. The methodology of transportation modelling is applied to international practices and application based on specific case studies, inclusive of public transportation projects; transportation modelling techniques in practice; international research agenda; network design and channel strategies; strategic planning; application of technology in traffic surveys and interpretation; emissions from transportation systems; application of mathematical models and the interface between environment, land use and development in terms of location in space and the resulting activities. Of value to both theorists and practitioners, this book references the integration of transportation modelling techniques within an interdisciplinary environment inside all spatial systems.
Download or read book Health Promotion written by Keith Tones and published by Nelson Thornes. This book was released on 2001 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors have joined forces again to reflect upon the ever changing world of health promotion. As a result, their highly respected textbook has been substantially rewritten to document both theoretical and practical developments within this important sphere of professional activity.
Book Synopsis A Guide for ensuring inclusion and equity in education by : UNESCO
Download or read book A Guide for ensuring inclusion and equity in education written by UNESCO and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-05 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Efficiency, Equity, and Legitimacy by : Roger B. Porter
Download or read book Efficiency, Equity, and Legitimacy written by Roger B. Porter and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2004-06-23 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Brookings Institution Press and the Center for Business and Government at Harvard University publication The multilateral trading system stands at a crossroads. Despite its widely acknowledged contribution to global prosperity over the past half century, the movement toward further liberalization has increasingly been challenged. These essays by leading scholars and trade officials honor Raymond Vernon, one of the architects of the international economic institutions established following the Second World War. The book examines several key issues at the heart of the debate over the multilateral trading system. What are the global efficiency gains from further liberalization? How can efficiency gains be maximized while respecting legitimate claims to sovereignty? Is the trading system affording an equitable distribution of benefits between countries and among various groups within societies? Does civil society have a role in the trading system? What role should the World Trade Organization and its dispute settlement procedures play in resolving disputes and enhancing legitimacy?
Book Synopsis Efficiency, Equality and the Ownership of Property (Routledge Revivals) by : James E. Meade
Download or read book Efficiency, Equality and the Ownership of Property (Routledge Revivals) written by James E. Meade and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1964, this is a study of the extreme inequalities in the ownership of property, in economies across the globe. Professor Meade examines in depth the economic, demographic and social factors which lead to such inequalities. He considers a wide range of remedial policies – educational development, reformed death duties and capital taxes, demographic policies, trade union action, the socialization of property, the development of a property-owning democracy, the expansion of the welfare state. The argument is expressed in precise analytical terms, but the main exposition is free of mathematics and technical jargon and is designed for the interested layman as well as the economist.
Book Synopsis Effectiveness and Equity in Social Spending - The Case of Spain by : Svetlana Vtyurina
Download or read book Effectiveness and Equity in Social Spending - The Case of Spain written by Svetlana Vtyurina and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spain is experiencing sustained economic and social disparities in several areas. Social spending policies have a heightened responsibility to respond but are challenged by high public debt and pressures from an aging society. This study takes stock of the level and effectiveness of public social expenditure from a cross-country and macroeconomic view, complementing recent targeted spending reviews. The results suggest that social protection spending should aim to improve redistribution through better targeting the most vulnerable while more effective education and active labor market policies should aim to create more equal opportunities and income prospects. In some areas more fiscal resources are needed. But social spending alone cannot reduce inequality, and efforts also should be directed toward making the labor market more inclusive.
Book Synopsis Efficiency, Equality and Public Policy by : Y. Ng
Download or read book Efficiency, Equality and Public Policy written by Y. Ng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2000-04-19 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides compelling arguments for the exclusive concern with efficiency ('a dollar is a dollar') in all specific areas of public economic policy, leaving the objective of equality to be achieved through the general tax/transfer system. Public policies should ultimately maximize the sum of individual welfares which should be individual happiness rather than preferences. Relative-income and environmental disruption effects cause a bias in favour of private spending which is no longer conducive to happiness socially. Welfare can be increased more by higher public spending on research and environmental protection, including the perfection of the techniques of brain stimulation to increase happiness.
Book Synopsis Variety, Equity, and Efficiency by : Kelvin Lancaster
Download or read book Variety, Equity, and Efficiency written by Kelvin Lancaster and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Equity and Quality in Education Supporting Disadvantaged Students and Schools by : OECD
Download or read book Equity and Quality in Education Supporting Disadvantaged Students and Schools written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-02-13 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across OECD countries, almost one in every five students does not reach a basic minimum level of skills. This book presents a series of policy recommendations for education systems to help all children succeed.
Book Synopsis Employment with a Human Face by : John W. Budd
Download or read book Employment with a Human Face written by John W. Budd and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John W. Budd contends that the turbulence of the current workplace and the importance of work for individuals and society make it vitally important that employment be given "a human face." Contradicting the traditional view of the employment relationship as a purely economic transaction, with business wanting efficiency and workers wanting income, Budd argues that equity and voice are equally important objectives. The traditional narrow focus on efficiency must be balanced with employees' entitlement to fair treatment (equity) and the opportunity to have meaningful input into decisions (voice), he says. Only through a greater respect for these human concerns can broadly shared prosperity, respect for human dignity, and equal appreciation for the competing human rights of property and labor be achieved.Budd proposes a fresh set of objectives for modern democracies--efficiency, equity, and voice--and supports this new triad with an intellectual framework for analyzing employment institutions and practices. In the process, he draws on scholarship from industrial relations, law, political science, moral philosophy, theology, psychology, sociology, and economics, and advances debates over free markets, globalization, human rights, and ethics. He applies his framework to important employment-related topics, such as workplace governance, the New Deal industrial relations system, comparative industrial relations, labor union strategies, and globalization. These analyses create a foundation for reforming employment practices, social norms, and public policies. In the book's final chapter, Budd advocates the creation of the field of human resources and industrial relations and explores the wider implications of this renewed conceptualization of industrial relations.
Book Synopsis Healthcare, Quality Concerns and Competition Law by : Theodosia Stavroulaki
Download or read book Healthcare, Quality Concerns and Competition Law written by Theodosia Stavroulaki and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2023-01-26 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Market driven healthcare is massively divisive. Opponents argue that a competition approach to medical treatment negatively impacts on quality, while advocates point to increased efficiencies. This book casts a critical eye over both positions to show that the concerns over quality are in fact real. Taking a two part approach, it unveils the fault lines along which healthcare provision and the pursuit of quality would in certain cases clash. It then shows how competition authorities can only effectively assess competition concerns when they ask the fundamental question of how the concept of healthcare quality should be defined and factored into their decisions. Drawing on UK, US and EU examples, it explores antitrust and merger cases in hospital, medical and health insurance markets to give an accurate depiction of the reality and challenges of regulating competition in healthcare provision.
