A Study Of Ultrafine Particle Exposure In Indoor Environments

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Health Risks of Indoor Exposure to Particulate Matter

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309443628
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Risks of Indoor Exposure to Particulate Matter by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Health Risks of Indoor Exposure to Particulate Matter written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines PM as a mixture of extremely small particles and liquid droplets comprising a number of components, including "acids (such as nitrates and sulfates), organic chemicals, metals, soil or dust particles, and allergens (such as fragments of pollen and mold spores)". The health effects of outdoor exposure to particulate matter (PM) are the subject of both research attention and regulatory action. Although much less studied to date, indoor exposure to PM is gaining attention as a potential source of adverse health effects. Indoor PM can originate from outdoor particles and also from various indoor sources, including heating, cooking, and smoking. Levels of indoor PM have the potential to exceed outdoor PM levels. Understanding the major features and subtleties of indoor exposures to particles of outdoor origin can improve our understanding of the exposureâ€"response relationship on which ambient air pollutant standards are based. The EPA's Indoor Environments Division commissioned the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to hold a workshop examining the issue of indoor exposure to PM more comprehensively and considering both the health risks and possible intervention strategies. Participants discussed the ailments that are most affected by particulate matter and the attributes of the exposures that are of greatest concern, exposure modifiers, vulnerable populations, exposure assessment, risk management, and gaps in the science. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Indoor Environment

Author : Lidia Morawska
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527609202
Total Pages : 467 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Indoor Environment by : Lidia Morawska

Download or read book Indoor Environment written by Lidia Morawska and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the fundamentals of air-borne particles and settled dust in the indoor environment, this handy reference investigates: * relevant definitions and terminology, * characteristics, * sources, * sampling techniques and instrumentation, * exposure assessment, * monitoring methods. The result is a useful and comprehensive overview for chemists, physicists and biologists, postgraduate students, medical practitioners, occupational health professionals, building owners and managers, building, construction and air-conditioning engineers, architects, environmental lawyers, government and regulatory professionals.

Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309174023
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter by : National Research Council

Download or read book Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-04-30 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New National Ambient Air Quality Standards for airborne particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers, called PM2.5, were issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) amidst scientific uncertainty and controversy. In response to a request from Congress, Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter, the first of four books in a series, offers a conceptual framework for an integrated national program of particulate-matter research, identifies the 10 most critical research needs linked to key policy-related scientific uncertainties, and describes the recommended timing and estimated costs of such research. The committee concludes that EPA should devote more resources to investigating the relationships between fixed-site outdoor monitoring data and actual human breathing-zone exposures to ambient particulate matter and to identifying the most biologically important constituents and characteristics of particulate matter through toxicological studies. The recommended research activities are critical to determining actual exposures of human subpopulations most susceptible to harm from the most hazardous constituents of particulate matter. Future research will be an investment in public health and a means to ensure that resources spent on control technology and regulatory compliance will have a reasonable probability of success.

Ambient Combustion Ultrafine Particles and Health

Author : Doug Brugge
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781536188318
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (883 download)

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Book Synopsis Ambient Combustion Ultrafine Particles and Health by : Doug Brugge

Download or read book Ambient Combustion Ultrafine Particles and Health written by Doug Brugge and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This edited and peer reviewed volume contains a collection of articles from many disciplines that address the emerging issue of ambient ultrafine particles derived from combustion sources and their health effects. The authors are published experts with respect to ultrafine particles. They write about diverse aspects of the problem including epidemiology, environmental engineering, toxicology, policy, architecture and medicine. Each chapter provides a thoroughly referenced review of the respective subject matter. Written for researchers and scientists, this work is an excellent introduction for those early in their research into ultrafine particles as well as those that are well-versed and seeking to expand into new approaches to ultrafine particles. Chapters may be read singly or in combination with other chapters, depending on the reader's interest. As a whole, the book is a broad reference source about combustion ultrafine particles and health"--

2016 TLVs and BEIs

Author : Acgih
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781607260844
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis 2016 TLVs and BEIs by : Acgih

Download or read book 2016 TLVs and BEIs written by Acgih and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030945252X
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-10 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has a mission and regulatory responsibility to protect human health and the environment. EPA's pursuit of that goal includes a variety of research activities involving human subjects, such as epidemiologic studies and surveys. Those research activities also involve studies of individuals who volunteer to be exposed to air pollutants intentionally in controlled laboratory settings so that measurements can be made of transient and reversible biomarker or physiologic responses to those exposures that can indicate pathways of toxicity and mechanisms of air-pollution responses. The results of those controlled human inhalation exposure (CHIE) studies, also referred to as human clinical studies or human challenge studies, are used to inform policy decisions and help establish or revise standards to protect public health and improve air quality. Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA addresses scientific issues and provides guidance on the conduct of CHIE studies. This report assesses the utility of CHIE studies to inform and reduce uncertainties in setting air-pollution standards to protect public health and assess whether continuation of such studies is warranted. It also evaluates the potential health risks to test subjects who participated in recent studies of air pollutants at EPA's clinical research facility.

Particles in the Air

Author : Doug Brugge
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319895877
Total Pages : 103 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (198 download)

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Book Synopsis Particles in the Air by : Doug Brugge

Download or read book Particles in the Air written by Doug Brugge and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-26 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book covers the three largest sources of particulate matter pollution in five chapters. These sources constitute three of the top ten public health problems in the world today and far outstrip any other environmental health threats in terms of health impact. The book begins with indoor solid fuel combustion for cooking in lower income countries and tells the story of how this problem was identified and recent efforts to eliminate it. The book next looks at tobacco smoking and second hand smoke, again reviewing the history of how these problems were identified scientifically and the fierce industry push back against the science. The last two chapters cover ambient particulate matter in the outdoor air. They address fine and ultrafine particles, describing the pioneering work on fine PM, the subsequent industry attacks on the scientists and then the emerging interest and concern about ultrafine particles, an area of research in which the author has participated. This book is geared towards non-scientists, including high school and college students.

WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality

Author :
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality by :

Download or read book WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2010 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents WHO guidelines for the protection of public health from risks due to a number of chemicals commonly present in indoor air. The substances considered in this review, i.e. benzene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene), radon, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, have indoor sources, are known in respect of their hazardousness to health and are often found indoors in concentrations of health concern. The guidelines are targeted at public health professionals involved in preventing health risks of environmental exposures, as well as specialists and authorities involved in the design and use of buildings, indoor materials and products. They provide a scientific basis for legally enforceable standards.

Nanotechnology in Eco-Efficient Construction

Author : Fernando Pacheco-Torgal
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0857098837
Total Pages : 459 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanotechnology in Eco-Efficient Construction by : Fernando Pacheco-Torgal

Download or read book Nanotechnology in Eco-Efficient Construction written by Fernando Pacheco-Torgal and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-04-04 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the environmental impact of existing construction and building materials comes under increasing scrutiny, the search for more eco-efficient solutions has intensified. Nanotechnology offers great potential in this area and is already being widely used to great success. Nanotechnology in eco-efficient construction is an authoritative guide to the role of nanotechnology in the development of eco-efficient construction materials and sustainable construction.Following an introduction to the use of nanotechnology in eco-efficient construction materials, part one considers such infrastructural applications as nanoengineered cement-based materials, nanoparticles for high-performance and self-sensing concrete, and the use of nanotechnology to improve the bulk and surface properties of steel for structural applications. Nanoclay-modified asphalt mixtures and safety issues relating to nanomaterials for construction applications are also reviewed before part two goes on to discuss applications for building energy efficiency. Topics explored include thin films and nanostructured coatings, switchable glazing technology and third generation photovoltaic (PV) cells, high-performance thermal insulation materials, and silica nanogel for energy-efficient windows. Finally, photocatalytic applications are the focus of part three, which investigates nanoparticles for pollution control, self-cleaning and photosterilisation, and the role of nanotechnology in manufacturing paints and purifying water for eco-efficient buildings.Nanotechnology in eco-efficient construction is a technical guide for all those involved in the design, production and application of eco-efficient construction materials, including civil engineers, materials scientists, researchers and architects within any field of nanotechnology, eco-efficient materials or the construction industry. - Provides an authoritative guide to the role of nanotechnology in the development of eco-efficient construction materials and sustainable construction - Examines the use of nanotechnology in eco-efficient construction materials - Considers a range of important infrastructural applications, before discussing applications for building energy efficiency

Urban Air Quality in Europe

Author : Mar Viana
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783642384509
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (845 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Air Quality in Europe by : Mar Viana

Download or read book Urban Air Quality in Europe written by Mar Viana and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-07-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of air quality in urban environments in Europe, focusing on air pollutant emission sources and formation mechanisms, measurement and modeling strategies, and future perspectives. The emission sources described are biomass burning, vehicular traffic, industry and agriculture, but also African dust and long-range transport of pollutants across the European regions. The impact of these emission sources and processes on atmospheric particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen oxides and volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds is discussed and critical areas for particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide in Europe are identified. Finally, this volume presents future perspectives, mainly regarding upcoming air quality monitoring strategies, metrics of interest, such as submicron and nanoparticles, and indoor and outdoor exposure scenarios.

Casarett and Doull's Toxicology

Author : Curtis D. Klaassen
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Book Company Limited
ISBN 13 : 9780071139274
Total Pages : 912 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (392 download)

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Book Synopsis Casarett and Doull's Toxicology by : Curtis D. Klaassen

Download or read book Casarett and Doull's Toxicology written by Curtis D. Klaassen and published by McGraw-Hill Book Company Limited. This book was released on 1996 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated and revised edition delineates the basic concepts and fundamental principles needed to grasp current issues in modern toxicology. In addition, new contributions help to redefine the book's scope and coverage, and illuminate new and emerging areas of toxicologic interest.

Spatial Modeling and Assessment of Environmental Contaminants

Author : Pravat Kumar Shit
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030634221
Total Pages : 718 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Spatial Modeling and Assessment of Environmental Contaminants by : Pravat Kumar Shit

Download or read book Spatial Modeling and Assessment of Environmental Contaminants written by Pravat Kumar Shit and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-05 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book demonstrates the measurement, monitoring and mapping of environmental contaminants in soil & sediment, surface & groundwater and atmosphere. This book explores state-of-art techniques based on methodological and modeling in modern geospatial techniques specifically focusing on the recent trends in data mining techniques and robust modeling. It also presents modifications of and improvements to existing control technologies for remediation of environmental contaminants. In addition, it includes three separate sections on contaminants, risk assessment and remediation of different existing and emerging pollutants. It covers major topics such as: Radioactive Wastes, Solid and Hazardous Wastes, Heavy Metal Contaminants, Arsenic Contaminants, Microplastic Pollution, Microbiology of Soil and Sediments, Soil Salinity and Sodicity, Aquatic Ecotoxicity Assessment, Fluoride Contamination, Hydrochemistry, Geochemistry, Indoor Pollution and Human Health aspects. The content of this book will be of interest to researchers, professionals, and policymakers whose work involves environmental contaminants and related solutions.

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate

Author : Bernd Seifert
Publisher : Berlin : Institute for Water, Soil and Air Hygiene
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 756 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate by : Bernd Seifert

Download or read book Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate written by Bernd Seifert and published by Berlin : Institute for Water, Soil and Air Hygiene. This book was released on 1987 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook of Indoor Air Quality

Author : Yinping Zhang
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811676801
Total Pages : 2182 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Indoor Air Quality by : Yinping Zhang

Download or read book Handbook of Indoor Air Quality written by Yinping Zhang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-23 with total page 2182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People live in indoor environment about 90% of lifetime and an adult inhales about 15 kg air each day, over 75% of the human body’s daily mass intake (air, food, water). Therefore, indoor air quality (IAQ) is very important to human health. This book provides the basic knowledge of IAQ and highlights the research achievements in the past two decades. It covers the following 12 sections: introduction, indoor air chemicals, indoor air particles, measurement and evaluation, source/sink characteristics, indoor chemistry, human exposure to indoor pollutants, health effects and health risk assessment, IAQ and cognitive performance, standards and guidelines, IAQ control, and air quality in various indoor environments. It provides a combination of an introduction to various aspects on IAQ studies, the current state-of-knowledge, various advances and the perspective of IAQ studies. It will be very helpful for the researchers and technicians in the IAQ and the related fields. It is also useful for experts in other fields and general readers who want to obtain a basic understanding of and research advances in the field of IAQ. A group of experts in IAQ research have been recruited to write the chapters. Their research interests and experience cover the scope of the book. In addition, some experienced experts in IAQ field have been invited as advisors or reviewers to give their comments, suggestions and revisions on the handbook framework and the chapter details. Their contribution guarantees the quality of the book. We are very grateful to them. Last but not least, we express our heartfelt thanks to Prof. Spengler, Harvard University, for writing the foreword of the current Handbook of Indoor Air Quality both as a pioneer scientist who contributed greatly to indoor air science and as an Editor-in-chief of Handbook of Indoor Air Quality 2001, 1st ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. In addition to hard copies, the book is also published online and will be updated by the authors as needed to keep it aligned with current knowledge. These salient features can make the handbook fresh with the research development.

Aerosol Technology

Author : William C. Hinds
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118591976
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)

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Book Synopsis Aerosol Technology by : William C. Hinds

Download or read book Aerosol Technology written by William C. Hinds and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The #1 guide to aerosol science and technology -now better than ever Since 1982, Aerosol Technology has been the text of choice among students and professionals who need to acquire a thorough working knowledge of modern aerosol theory and applications. Now revised to reflect the considerable advances that have been made over the past seventeen years across a broad spectrum of aerosol-related application areas - from occupational hygiene and biomedical technology to microelectronics and pollution control -this new edition includes: * A chapter on bioaerosols * New sections on resuspension, transport losses, respiratory deposition models, and fractal characterization of particles * Expanded coverage of atmospheric aerosols, including background aerosols and urban aerosols * A section on the impact of aerosols on global warming and ozone depletion. Aerosol Technology, Second Edition also features dozens of new, fully worked examples drawn from a wide range of industrial and research settings, plus new chapter-end practice problems to help readers master the material quickly.

Traffic-Related Air Pollution

Author : Haneen Khreis
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128181230
Total Pages : 650 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Traffic-Related Air Pollution by : Haneen Khreis

Download or read book Traffic-Related Air Pollution written by Haneen Khreis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-08-20 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traffic-Related Air Pollution synthesizes and maps TRAP and its impact on human health at the individual and population level. The book analyzes mitigating standards and regulations with a focus on cities. It provides the methods and tools for assessing and quantifying the associated road traffic emissions, air pollution, exposure and population-based health impacts, while also illuminating the mechanisms underlying health impacts through clinical and toxicological research. Real-world implications are set alongside policy options, emerging technologies and best practices. Finally, the book recommends ways to influence discourse and policy to better account for the health impacts of TRAP and its societal costs. - Overviews existing and emerging tools to assess TRAP's public health impacts - Examines TRAP's health effects at the population level - Explores the latest technologies and policies--alongside their potential effectiveness and adverse consequences--for mitigating TRAP - Guides on how methods and tools can leverage teaching, practice and policymaking to ameliorate TRAP and its effects

Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology

Author : Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199378789
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology by : Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen

Download or read book Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology written by Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This completely updated edition of Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology offers a practical introduction to exposure assessment methodologies in environmental epidemiologic studies. In addition to methods for traditional methods -- questionnaires, biomonitoring -- this new edition is expanded to include geographic information systems, modeling, personal sensoring, remote sensing, and OMICs technologies. In addition, each of these methods is contextualized within a recent epidemiology study, maximizing illustration for students and those new to these to these techniques. With clear writing and extensive illustration, this book will be useful to anyone interested in exposure assessment, regardless of background.