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A Study Of Chinese Commune 1965
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Book Synopsis A Study of Chinese Communes, 1965 by : Shahid Javed Burki
Download or read book A Study of Chinese Communes, 1965 written by Shahid Javed Burki and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1969-07-01 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the status and structure of rural communes in China in the mid-1960s. Includes desciptions of collective finances, wages, technology, and the importance of private plots to family income.
Book Synopsis A Social History of Maoist China by : Felix Wemheuer
Download or read book A Social History of Maoist China written by Felix Wemheuer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-28 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new social history of Maoist China provides an accessible view of the complex and tumultuous period when China came under Communist rule.
Book Synopsis The Cultural Revolution by : Michel Oksenberg
Download or read book The Cultural Revolution written by Michel Oksenberg and published by U of M Center for Chinese Studies. This book was released on 2020-08 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chinese Communist system was from its very inception based on an inherent contradiction and tension, and the Cultural Revolution is the latest and most violent manifestation of that contradiction. Built into the very structure of the system was an inner conflict between the desiderata, the imperatives, and the requirements that technocratic modernization on the one hand and Maoist values and strategy on the other. The Cultural Revolution collects four papers prepared for a research conference on the topic convened by the University of Michigan Center for Chinese Studies in March 1968. Michel Oksenberg opens the volume by examining the impact of the Cultural Revolution on occupational groups including peasants, industrial managers and workers, intellectuals, students, party and government officials, and the military. Carl Riskin is concerned with the economic effects of the revolution, taking up production trends in agriculture and industry, movements in foreign trade, and implications of Masoist economic policies for China's economic growth. Robert A. Scalapino turns to China's foreign policy behavior during this period, arguing that Chinese Communists in general, and Mao in particular, formed foreign policy with a curious combination of cosmic, utopian internationalism and practical ethnocentrism rooted both in Chinese tradition and Communist experience. Ezra F. Vogel closes the volume by exploring the structure of the conflict, the struggles between factions, and the character of those factions.
Book Synopsis Red China's Green Revolution by : Joshua Eisenman
Download or read book Red China's Green Revolution written by Joshua Eisenman and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China’s dismantling of the Mao-era rural commune system and return to individual household farming under Deng Xiaoping has been seen as a successful turn away from a misguided social experiment and a rejection of the disastrous policies that produced widespread famine. In this revisionist study, Joshua Eisenman marshals previously inaccessible data to overturn this narrative, showing that the commune modernized agriculture, increased productivity, and spurred an agricultural green revolution that laid the foundation for China’s future rapid growth. Red China’s Green Revolution tells the story of the commune’s origins, evolution, and downfall, demonstrating its role in China’s economic ascendance. After 1970, the commune emerged as a hybrid institution, including both collective and private elements, with a high degree of local control over economic decision but almost no say over political ones. It had an integrated agricultural research and extension system that promoted agricultural modernization and collectively owned local enterprises and small factories that spread rural industrialization. The commune transmitted Mao’s collectivist ideology and enforced collective isolation so it could overwork and underpay its households. Eisenman argues that the commune was eliminated not because it was unproductive, but because it was politically undesirable: it was the post-Mao leadership led by Deng Xiaoping—not rural residents—who chose to abandon the commune in order to consolidate their control over China. Based on detailed and systematic national, provincial, and county-level data, as well as interviews with agricultural experts and former commune members, Red China’s Green Revolution is a comprehensive historical and social scientific analysis that fundamentally challenges our understanding of recent Chinese economic history.
Book Synopsis Chinese Economic History Since 1949 by : Michael Dillon
Download or read book Chinese Economic History Since 1949 written by Michael Dillon and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 1792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China’s economic development has become a matter of world-wide interest since the boom that began in the 1980s. Key Papers in Chinese Economic History since 1949 offers a selection of outstanding articles that trace the origins of the modern Chinese economy. Topics covered include agriculture and the rural economy; industrialisation and urbanisation; finance and capital; political economy and international connections.
Book Synopsis China’s Modern Economy in Historical Perspective by : Dwight Perkins
Download or read book China’s Modern Economy in Historical Perspective written by Dwight Perkins and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1975-06-01 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why did it take China more than a century after its defeat in the first Opium War to begin systematically acquiring the fruits of modern technology? To what extent did the rapid economic developments after 1949 depend on features unique to China and to Chinese history as well as on the socialist reorganization of society? These are the major questions examined in this collection of papers which challenges many previously accepted generalizations about the nature and extent of advances in China's economy during the twentieth century. The papers discuss the positive and negative effects of foreign imperialism on Chinese economic development, the adequacy of China's financial resources for major economic initiatives, the state of science and technology in late traditional China, the changing structure of national product and distribution of income, the cotton textile and small machine-building industries as examples of pre-1949 economic bases, the village-market town structure of rural China, the tradition of cooperative efforts in agriculture, and the influence of the Yenan period on the economic thinking of China's leaders.
Book Synopsis Agrarian Radicalism in China, 1968-1981 by : David Zweig
Download or read book Agrarian Radicalism in China, 1968-1981 written by David Zweig and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During and after the Cultural Revolution, radical leaders in the Chinese Communist Party tried to mobilize rural society for socioeconomic and political changes and move rural China to even higher stages of collectivism. David Zweig argues that because advocates of agrarian radicalism formed a minority group within China's central leadership, they acted in opposition to the dominant moderate forces and resorted to alternative strategies to mobilize support for their unofficial policies. The limited institutionalization of the system allowed the radicals to promote their principles through "policy winds," speeches generated by newspaper articles, networks of political allies, and organized visits; they also linked their policies to ongoing political and economic campaigns. In spite of this radical ideology and frequent upheavals in the countryside, Zweig finds that Chinese peasants had no ideological affinity for Mao's theory of the continuing revolution and reacted to each policy change on the basis of how it affected their personal, family, or collective interests. Despite intense propaganda, cadres adjusted the impact of these radical policies so that the peasants' conservative mindset, entrepreneurial spirit, and desire to improve their own lot remained intact. Zweig examines the local realities of the radicals' program by describing the results of specific policies; he discriminates among the responses of officials at different bureaucratic levels, peasants of varying income levels and family structures, and villages with specific geographic and socioeconomic characteristics. He draws on his own field research in Chinese villages and interviews with Chinese college students and their friends who had lived in the countryside and emigrès in Hong Kong who had lived and worked in rural China.
Book Synopsis Asia ... by : United States. Department of State. External Research Division
Download or read book Asia ... written by United States. Department of State. External Research Division and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Bibliography of Chinese Language Materials on the People's Communes by : Wei-yi Ma
Download or read book A Bibliography of Chinese Language Materials on the People's Communes written by Wei-yi Ma and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2020-08-06 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A research tool for scholars studying modern China, particularly those focusing on the post-1949 communal system and economy. The work includes full bibliographic references to some 2,800 essay, articles, pamphlets, and other materials in Chinese taken from more than 130 publications, primarily from mainland. The entries are arranged are arranged topically with annotations. Includes a geographic index to the communes referred to in the listed items.
Book Synopsis Studies on the Chinese Economy During the Mao Era by : Katsuji Nakagane
Download or read book Studies on the Chinese Economy During the Mao Era written by Katsuji Nakagane and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-20 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on several specific features characterizing China’s economy in the Mao era (1952–1976), and discusses whether and how they are related to the new economic strategy called “reforms and opening-up” under Deng Xiaoping’s leadership with the result of the aftermath of well-known rapid growth. It provides the reader with basic knowledge of the continuity and discontinuity between the Mao and Deng eras. Readers are provided with some important clues for thinking about how Maoist China could have contributed to or alternatively prevented today’s economic development. The topics addressed here include a brief overview of economic development under Mao, significant differences between Mao and Deng economics, and socialist transformations during the early Mao era. These include collectivization as well as communization and the effects on agricultural productivity; water supply construction drives utilizing a vast amount of rural surplus labor; rural finance; the effects on national savings, and the development of heavy and light industry. Also considered are the effects on the socialist industrialization, rural small-scale industries during the Cultural Revolution and their aftermath, and the realities of social life in a Third-front construction site promoted by Mao’s military strategy in the 1960s. This book is highly recommended to readers who are interested in contemporary China’s economy, particularly to scholars and students. The volume gives new insight into the background or preconditions that made possible historically rare miracles of the Chinese economy after Mao.
Book Synopsis China, a Reassessment of the Economy by : United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee
Download or read book China, a Reassessment of the Economy written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis China's Economic System by : Audrey Donnithorne
Download or read book China's Economic System written by Audrey Donnithorne and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1967. Based on original Chinese sources, including the press and government documents, this book describes the operation of the Chinese economy in the twentieth century. Certain trends become apparent, notably the extent to which China's economic life is decentralized and the tendency towards self-sufficiency within provinces and smaller administrative units. Among the topics covered are: Agriculture, the organization of large and small scale industry, mining and transport, management and labour in state enterprises. The fiscal system, together with the operation of the banks and the control of currency, credit and prices, and economic planning are also discussed.
Book Synopsis Going to the Countryside by : Yu Zhang
Download or read book Going to the Countryside written by Yu Zhang and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2020-03-03 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the beginning of the twentieth century, modern Chinese intellectuals, reformers, revolutionaries, leftist journalists, and idealistic youth had often crossed the increasing gap between the city and the countryside, which made the act of “going to the countryside” a distinctively modern experience and a continuous practice in China. Such a spatial crossing eventually culminated in the socialist state program of “down to the villages” movements during the 1960s and 1970s. What, then, was the special significance of “going to the countryside” before that era? Going to the Countryside deals with the cultural representations and practices of this practice between 1915 and 1965, focusing on individual homecoming, rural reconstruction, revolutionary journeys to Yan’an, the revolutionary “going down to the people” as well as going to the frontiers and rural hometowns for socialist construction. As part of the larger discourses of enlightenment, revolution, and socialist industrialization, “going to the countryside” entailed new ways of looking at the world and ordinary people, brought about new experiences of space and time, initiated new means of human communication and interaction, generated new forms of cultural production, revealed a fundamental epistemic shift in modern China, and ultimately created a new aesthetic, social, and political landscape. As a critical response to the “urban turn” in the past few decades, this book brings the rural back to the central concern of Chinese cultural studies and aims to bridge the city and the countryside as two types of important geographical entities, which have often remained as disparate scholarly subjects of inquiry in the current state of China studies. Chinese modernity has been characterized by a dual process that created problems from the vast gap between the city and the countryside but simultaneously initiated constant efforts to cope with the gap personally, collectively, and institutionally. The process of “crossing” two distinct geographical spaces was often presented as continuous explorations of various ways of establishing the connectivity, interaction, and relationship of these two imagined geographical entities. Going to the Countryside argues that this new body of cultural productions did not merely turn the rural into a constantly changing representational space; most importantly, the rural has been constructed as a distinct modern experiential and aesthetic realm characterized by revolutionary changes in human conceptions and sentiments.
Book Synopsis Operation and Control of Individual Economic Activities in Collective Agriculture by : Gek-boo Ng
Download or read book Operation and Control of Individual Economic Activities in Collective Agriculture written by Gek-boo Ng and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Working paper on the operation and control of individual cultivation activity within the collective farming system in China - discusses the need for, scope and implications for grain food production and income distribution of such activity, and forms part of a WEP research programme relating to rural area employment policy. Bibliography pp. 27 to 31, references and one statistical table.
Download or read book China written by K. R. Sharma and published by Mittal Publications. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Small Groups and Political Rituals in China by : Martin King Whyte
Download or read book Small Groups and Political Rituals in China written by Martin King Whyte and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-04-28 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1974.
Book Synopsis John Adams's Nixon in China by : Timothy A. Johnson
Download or read book John Adams's Nixon in China written by Timothy A. Johnson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-06 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Adams's opera, Nixon in China, is one of the most frequently performed operas in the contemporary literature. Timothy A. Johnson illuminates the opera and enhances listeners' and scholars' appreciation for this landmark work. This music-analytical guide presents a detailed, in-depth analysis of the music tied to historical and political contexts. The opera captures an important moment in history and in international relations, and a close study of it from an interdisciplinary perspective provides fresh, compelling insights about the opera. The music analysis takes a neo-Riemannian approach to harmony and to large-scale harmonic connections. Musical metaphors drawn between harmonies and their dramatic contexts enrich this approach. Motivic analysis reveals interweaving associations between the characters, based on melodic content. Analysis of rhythm and meter focuses on Adams's frequent use of grouping and displacement dissonances to propel the music forward or to illustrate the libretto. The book shows how the historical depiction in the opera is accurate, yet enriched by this operatic adaptation. The language of the opera is true to its source, but more evocative than the words spoken in 1972-due to Alice Goodman's marvelous, poetic libretto. And the music transcends its repetitive shell to become a hierarchically-rich and musically-compelling achievement.
