A Precis of Mathematical Logic

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401705925
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis A Precis of Mathematical Logic by : J.M. Bochenski

Download or read book A Precis of Mathematical Logic written by J.M. Bochenski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work of which this is an English translation appeared originally in French as Precis de logique mathematique. In 1954 Dr. Albert Menne brought out a revised and somewhat enlarged edition in German (Grund riss der Logistik, F. Schoningh, Paderborn). In making my translation I have used both editions. For the most part I have followed the original French edition, since I thought there was some advantage in keeping the work as short as possible. However, I have included the more extensive historical notes of Dr. Menne, his bibliography, and the two sections on modal logic and the syntactical categories (§ 25 and 27), which were not in the original. I have endeavored to correct the typo graphical errors that appeared in the original editions and have made a few additions to the bibliography. In making the translation I have profited more than words can tell from the ever-generous help of Fr. Bochenski while he was teaching at the University of Notre Dame during 1955-56. OTTO BIRD Notre Dame, 1959 I GENERAL PRINCIPLES § O. INTRODUCTION 0. 1. Notion and history. Mathematical logic, also called 'logistic', ·symbolic logic', the 'algebra of logic', and, more recently, simply 'formal logic', is the set of logical theories elaborated in the course of the last century with the aid of an artificial notation and a rigorously deductive method.

A Precis of Mathematical Logic

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis A Precis of Mathematical Logic by :

Download or read book A Precis of Mathematical Logic written by and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Precis of Mathematical Logic

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Publisher : Hassell Street Press
ISBN 13 : 9781015285446
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (854 download)

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Book Synopsis A Precis of Mathematical Logic by : Joseph M 1902- Bochenski

Download or read book A Precis of Mathematical Logic written by Joseph M 1902- Bochenski and published by Hassell Street Press. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

The Mathematics of Logic

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139467212
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mathematics of Logic by : Richard W. Kaye

Download or read book The Mathematics of Logic written by Richard W. Kaye and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-07-12 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This undergraduate textbook covers the key material for a typical first course in logic, in particular presenting a full mathematical account of the most important result in logic, the Completeness Theorem for first-order logic. Looking at a series of interesting systems, increasing in complexity, then proving and discussing the Completeness Theorem for each, the author ensures that the number of new concepts to be absorbed at each stage is manageable, whilst providing lively mathematical applications throughout. Unfamiliar terminology is kept to a minimum, no background in formal set-theory is required, and the book contains proofs of all the required set theoretical results. The reader is taken on a journey starting with König's Lemma, and progressing via order relations, Zorn's Lemma, Boolean algebras, and propositional logic, to completeness and compactness of first-order logic. As applications of the work on first-order logic, two final chapters provide introductions to model theory and nonstandard analysis.

The Primary Logic

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Publisher : Gracewing Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780852444993
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (449 download)

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Book Synopsis The Primary Logic by : Michele Malatesta

Download or read book The Primary Logic written by Michele Malatesta and published by Gracewing Publishing. This book was released on 1997 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Ω-Bibliography of Mathematical Logic

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783540173212
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (732 download)

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Book Synopsis Ω-Bibliography of Mathematical Logic by : Wolfgang Rautenberg

Download or read book Ω-Bibliography of Mathematical Logic written by Wolfgang Rautenberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 1987-06-16 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gert H. Muller The growth of the number of publications in almost all scientific areas, as in the area of (mathematical) logic, is taken as a sign of our scientifically minded culture, but it also has a terrifying aspect. In addition, given the rapidly growing sophistica tion, specialization and hence subdivision of logic, researchers, students and teachers may have a hard time getting an overview of the existing literature, partic ularly if they do not have an extensive library available in their neighbourhood: they simply do not even know what to ask for! More specifically, if someone vaguely knows that something vaguely connected with his interests exists some where in the literature, he may not be able to find it even by searching through the publications scattered in the review journals. Answering this challenge was and is the central motivation for compiling this Bibliography. The Bibliography comprises (presently) the following six volumes (listed with the corresponding Editors): I. Classical Logic W. Rautenberg II. Non-classical Logics W. Rautenberg III. Model Theory H. -D. Ebbinghaus IV. Recursion Theory P. G. Hinman V. Set Theory A. R. Blass VI. Proof Theory; Constructive Mathematics J. E. Kister; D. van Dalen & A. S. Troelstra.

Action Theory

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401090742
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Action Theory by : M. Brand

Download or read book Action Theory written by M. Brand and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the Winnipeg Conference on Human Action, held at Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, 9-11 May 1975

Between Experience and Metaphysics

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401017972
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Between Experience and Metaphysics by : S. Amsterdamski

Download or read book Between Experience and Metaphysics written by S. Amsterdamski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Unity of Science

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401011885
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Unity of Science by : Robert L. Causey

Download or read book Unity of Science written by Robert L. Causey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first section of this chapter describes the major goals of this investiga tion and the general strategy of my presentation. The remaining three sections review some requisite background material and introduce some terminology and notation used in the book. Section B contains a brief review of some of the ideas and notation of elementary logic and set theory. Section C contains an introductory discussion of kinds and at tributes. Section D presents some basic ideas about laws and law sentences. A. GENERAL PLAN OF THE BOOK Basic scientific research is directed towards the goals of increasing our knowledge of the wor1d and our understanding of the wor1d. Knowledge increases through the discovery and confirmation of facts and laws. Understanding results from the explanation of known facts and laws, and through the formulation of general, systematic theories. Other things being equal, we tend to feeI that our understanding of a c1ass of phenomena increases as we develop increasingly general and intuitively unified theories of that c1ass of phenomena. It is therefore natural to consider the possibility of one very general, unified theory which, at least in principle, governs all known phenomena. The dream of obtaining such a theory, and the understanding that it would provide, has motivated an enormous amount of research by both scientists and philosophers.

Inference, Method and Decision

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401012377
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Inference, Method and Decision by : R.D. Rosenkrantz

Download or read book Inference, Method and Decision written by R.D. Rosenkrantz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book grew out of previously published papers of mine composed over a period of years; they have been reworked (sometimes beyond recognition) so as to form a reasonably coherent whole. Part One treats of informative inference. I argue (Chapter 2) that the traditional principle of induction in its clearest formulation (that laws are confirmed by their positive cases) is clearly false. Other formulations in terms of the 'uniformity of nature' or the 'resemblance of the future to the past' seem to me hopelessly unclear. From a Bayesian point of view, 'learning from experience' goes by conditionalization (Bayes' rule). The traditional stum bling block for Bayesians has been to fmd objective probability inputs to conditionalize upon. Subjective Bayesians allow any probability inputs that do not violate the usual axioms of probability. Many subjectivists grant that this liberality seems prodigal but own themselves unable to think of additional constraints that might plausibly be imposed. To be sure, if we could agree on the correct probabilistic representation of 'ignorance' (or absence of pertinent data), then all probabilities obtained by applying Bayes' rule to an 'informationless' prior would be objective. But familiar contra dictions, like the Bertrand paradox, are thought to vitiate all attempts to objectify 'ignorance'. BuUding on the earlier work of Sir Harold Jeffreys, E. T. Jaynes, and the more recent work ofG. E. P. Box and G. E. Tiao, I have elected to bite this bullet. In Chapter 3, I develop and defend an objectivist Bayesian approach.

Epistemology and Psychology of Functions

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401093210
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Epistemology and Psychology of Functions by : J. Piaget

Download or read book Epistemology and Psychology of Functions written by J. Piaget and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Years ago, prompted by Grize, Apostel and Papert, we undertook the study of functions, but until now we did not properly understand the relations between functions and operations, and their increasing interactions at the level of 'constituted functions'. By contrast, certain recent studies on 'constitutive functions', or preoperatory functional schemes, have convinced us of the existence of a sort of logic of functions (springing from the schemes of actions) which is prior to the logic of operations (drawn from the general and reversible coordinations between actions). This preoperatory 'logic' accounts for the very general, and until now unexplained, primacy of order relations between 4 and 7 years of age, which is natural since functions are ordered dependences and result from oriented 'applications'. And while this 'logic' ends up in a positive manner in formalizable structures, it has gaps or limitations. Psychologically, we are interested in understanding the system atic errors due to this primacy of order, such ·as the undifferentiation of 'longer' and 'farther', or the non-conservations caused by ordinal estimations (of levels, etc. ), as opposed to extensive or metric evaluations. In a sense which is psychologically very real, this preoperatory logic of constitutive functions represents only the first half of operatory logic, if this can be said, and it is reversibility which allows the construction of the other half by completing the initial one-way structures.

Essays on Explanation and Understanding

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401018235
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Essays on Explanation and Understanding by : Juha Manninen

Download or read book Essays on Explanation and Understanding written by Juha Manninen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Structure of Appearance

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401011842
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis The Structure of Appearance by : Nelson Goodman

Download or read book The Structure of Appearance written by Nelson Goodman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With this third edition of Nelson Goodman's The Structure of Appear ance, we are pleased to make available once more one of the most in fluential and important works in the philosophy of our times. Professor Geoffrey Hellman's introduction gives a sustained analysis and appreciation of the major themes and the thrust of the book, as well as an account of the ways in which many of Goodman's problems and projects have been picked up and developed by others. Hellman also suggests how The Structure of Appearance introduces issues which Goodman later continues in his essays and in the Languages of Art. There remains the task of understanding Good man's project as a whole; to see the deep continuities of his thought, as it ranges from logic to epistemology, to science and art; to see it therefore as a complex yet coherent theory of human cognition and practice. What we can only hope to suggest, in this note, is the b. road Significance of Goodman's apparently technical work for philosophers, scientists and humanists. One may say of Nelson Goodman that his bite is worse than his bark. Behind what appears as a cool and methodical analysis of the conditions of the construction of systems, there lurks a radical and disturbing thesis: that the world is, in itself, no more one way than another, nor are we. It depends on the ways in which we take it, and on what we do.

The Intuitive Sources of Probabilistic Thinking in Children

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401018588
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis The Intuitive Sources of Probabilistic Thinking in Children by : H. Fischbein

Download or read book The Intuitive Sources of Probabilistic Thinking in Children written by H. Fischbein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: About a year ago I promised my friend Fischbein a preface to his book of which I knew the French manuscript. Now with the printer's proofs under my eyes I like the book even better than I did then, because of, and influenced by, new experiences in the meantime, and fresh thoughts that crossed my mind. Have I been influenced by what I remembered from the manuscript? If so, it must have happened unconsciously. But of course, what struck me in this work a year ago, struck a responsive chord in my own mind. In the past, mathematics teaching theory has strongly been influenced by a view on mathematics as a heap of concepts, and on learning mathematics as concepts attainment. Mathematics teaching practice has been jeopardised by this theoretical approach, which in its most dangerous form expresses itself as a radical atomism. To concepts attainment Fischbein opposes acquisition of intuitions. In my own publications I avoided the word "intuition" because of the variety of its meanings across languages. For some time I have used the term "constitution of mathematical objects", which I think means the same as Fischbein's "acquisition of intuitions" - indeed as I view it, constituting a mental object precedes its conceptualising, and under this viewpoint I tried to observe mathematical activities of young children.

Proceedings of the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science 1966/1968

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401033781
Total Pages : 550 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science 1966/1968 by : Robert S. Cohen

Download or read book Proceedings of the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science 1966/1968 written by Robert S. Cohen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth volume of Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science consists mainly of papers which were contributed to our Colloquium during the past few years. The volume represents a wide range of interests in contem porary philosophy of science: issues in the philosophy of mind and of language, the neurophysiology of perceptual and linguistic behavior, philosophy of history and of the social sciences, and studies in the fun damental categories and methods of philosophy and the inter-relation ships of the sciences with ethics and metaphysics. Papers on the logic and methods of the natural sciences, including biological, physical and mathematical topics appear in the fifth volume of our series. We have included in the present volume the first English translation of the classic and fundamental work on aphasia by Carl Wernicke, together with a lucid and appreciative guide to his work by Dr. Norman Geschwind. The papers were not written to form a coherent volume, nor have they been edited with such a purpose. They represent current work-in progress, both in the United States and in Europe. Although most of the authors are philosophers, it is worth noting that we have essays of philosophical significance here written by a sociologist, an anthropologist, a political scientist, and by three neurophysiologists. We hope that collaboration among working scientists and working philosophers may develop further.

The Concepts of Space and Time

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9401017271
Total Pages : 593 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis The Concepts of Space and Time by : M. Capek

Download or read book The Concepts of Space and Time written by M. Capek and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Collected Papers on Epistemology, Philosophy of Science and History of Philosophy

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940101129X
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Collected Papers on Epistemology, Philosophy of Science and History of Philosophy by : W. Stegmüller

Download or read book Collected Papers on Epistemology, Philosophy of Science and History of Philosophy written by W. Stegmüller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These two volumes contain all of my articles published between 1956 and 1975 which might be of interest to readers in the English-speaking world. The first three essays in Vol. 1 deal with historical themes. In each case I as far as possible, meets con have attempted a rational reconstruction which, temporary standards of exactness. In The Problem of Universals Then and Now some ideas of W.V. Quine and N. Goodman are used to create a modern sketch of the history of the debate on universals beginning with Plato and ending with Hao Wang's System L. The second article concerns Kant's Philosophy of Science. By analyzing his position vis-a-vis I. Newton, Christian Wolff, and D. Hume, it is shown that for Kant the very notion of empirical knowledge was beset with a funda mental logical difficulty. In his metaphysics of experience Kant offered a solution differing from all prior as well as subsequent attempts aimed at the problem of establishing a scientific theory. The last of the three historical papers utilizes some concepts of modern logic to give a precise account of Wittgenstein's so-called Picture Theory of Meaning. E. Stenius' interpretation of this theory is taken as an intuitive starting point while an intensional variant of Tarski's concept of a relational system furnishes a technical instrument. The concepts of inodel world and of logical space, together with those of homomorphism and isomorphism be tween model worlds and between logical spaces, form the conceptual basis of the reconstruction.