A Philosophical Investigation

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What is Orientation?

Author : Werner Stegmaier
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110573903
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis What is Orientation? by : Werner Stegmaier

Download or read book What is Orientation? written by Werner Stegmaier and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-08-19 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The very first thing one does in all situations of life is orient oneself. Decisions of orientation, which are mostly made under uncertainty and the pressure of time, largely determine subsequent decisions. But what is orientation? The problems of orientation are as old as humankind, the word is used everywhere, but the concept has never been thoroughly investigated. The philosopher Werner Stegmaier comprehensively clarifies for the first time the conditions and structures of orientation, including those of our sexual, economic, media, political, legal, scientific, artistic, religious, moral, and ethical orientations. He thereby establishes a new philosophical language and offers a philosophy for our time. "As if I unexpectedly slipped down into a deep vortex, I am swirled around in a way that I can neither put a foot down, nor swim to the surface. Nonetheless, I will work my way out ... " (René Descartes, Philosopher) "As often as my speculation seems to lead me too far from the paved road of common sense, I stand still and seek to orient myself. I look back at the point from which we started, and I seek to compare the two guideposts I have." (Moses Mendelssohn, Philosopher) "A philosophical problem has the form: ‘I do not know my way about.’" (Ludwig Wittgenstein, Philosopher) "The second O, orientation – as the repository of our genetic heritage, cultural tradition, and previous experiences – is the most important part of the O-O-D-A loop since it shapes the way we observe, the way we decide, the way we act." (John Boyd, Military Strategist)

The Trinity

Author : H.E. Baber
Publisher : SCM Press
ISBN 13 : 0334057256
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis The Trinity by : H.E. Baber

Download or read book The Trinity written by H.E. Baber and published by SCM Press. This book was released on 2019-06-30 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: he doctrine of the Trinity developed in response to a range of theological interests—among them the project of reconciling claims about the divinity of Christ with monotheism and massaging Christian doctrine into the ambient (largely Platonic) philosophical framework of the period. More recently the Trinity doctrine has been deployed to promote normative claims concerning human nature, human relationships and social justice. During the past two decades analytic philosophers of religion have increasingly engaged with the doctrine. There are, however, a number of foundational questions that have not been addressed in the philosophical literature. The Trinity: A Philosophical Investigation considers the competing accounts of the Trinity doctrine, whether orthodox or heterodox, and aims to respond to objections and explicate their motivations and entailments.

A Philosophical Investigation of Rape

Author : Louise du Toit
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135854998
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (358 download)

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Book Synopsis A Philosophical Investigation of Rape by : Louise du Toit

Download or read book A Philosophical Investigation of Rape written by Louise du Toit and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-05-07 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a critical feminist perspective on the widely debated topic of transitional justice and forgiveness. Louise Du Toit examines the phenomenon of rape with a feminist philosophical discourse concerning women’s or ‘feminine’ subjectivity and selfhood. She demonstrates how the hierarchical dichotomy of male active versus female passive sexuality – which obscures the true nature of rape – is embedded in the dominant western symbolic frame. Through a Hegelian and phenomenological reading of first-person accounts by rape victims, she excavates an understanding of rape that also starts to open up a way out of the denial and destruction of female sexual subjectivity.

Petitionary Prayer

Author : Scott Alan Davison
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198757743
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Petitionary Prayer by : Scott Alan Davison

Download or read book Petitionary Prayer written by Scott Alan Davison and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the philosophical issues involved in the idea of petitionary prayer, where this is conceived as an activity designed to influence the action of the all-knowing, all-powerful, perfectly good God of traditional theism. Theists have always recognized various logical and moral limits to divine action in the world, but do these limits leave any space among God's reasons for petitionary prayer to make a difference? Petitionary Prayer: A Philosophical Investigation develops a new account of the conditions required for a petitionary prayer to be answered by employing the notion of contrastive explanation. With careful attention to recent developments in metaphysics, epistemology, and value theory, Scott A. Davison surveys the contemporary literature on this question. He considers questions about human freedom and responsibility in relation to different views of divine providence, along with the puzzles inherent in Christian teachings concerning petitionary prayer. Davison develops new challenges to the coherence of the idea of answered petitionary prayer based upon the nature of divine freedom, the limits of human knowledge, and the nature of those good things that require a recipient's permission before they can be given. He proposes new defenses, building upon careful analysis of the shortcomings of previous proposals and clarifying the issues for future debate.

Popper's Critical Rationalism

Author : Darrell Rowbottom
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136861750
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (368 download)

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Book Synopsis Popper's Critical Rationalism by : Darrell Rowbottom

Download or read book Popper's Critical Rationalism written by Darrell Rowbottom and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-12-16 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Popper’s Critical Rationalism presents Popper’s views on science, knowledge, and inquiry, and examines the significance and tenability of these in light of recent developments in philosophy of science, philosophy of probability, and epistemology. It develops a fresh and novel philosophical position on science, which employs key insights from Popper while rejecting other elements of his philosophy. Central theses include: Crucial questions about scientific method arise at the level of the group, rather than that of the individual. Although criticism is vital for science, dogmatism is important too. Belief in scientific theories is permissible even in the absence of evidence in their favour. The aim of science is to eliminate false theories. Critical rationalism can be understood as a form of virtue epistemology

Sexual Desire

Author : Roger Scruton
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472927842
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (729 download)

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Book Synopsis Sexual Desire by : Roger Scruton

Download or read book Sexual Desire written by Roger Scruton and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'A dazzling treatise, as erudite and eloquent as Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex and considerably more sound in its conclusion' - TLS When John desires Mary or Mary desires John, what does either of them want? What is meant by innocence, passion, love and arousal, desire, perversion and shame? These are just a few of the questions Roger Scruton addresses in this thought-provoking intellectual adventure. Beginning from purely philosophical premises, and ranging over human life, art and institutions, he surveys the entire field of sexuality; equally dissatisfied with puritanism and permissiveness, he argues for a radical break with recent theories. Upholding traditional morality - though in terms that may shock many of its practitioners - his argument gravitates to that which is candid, serene and consoling in the experience of sexual love.

Does Santa Exist?

Author : Eric Kaplan
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0698161394
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (981 download)

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Book Synopsis Does Santa Exist? by : Eric Kaplan

Download or read book Does Santa Exist? written by Eric Kaplan and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2014-10-16 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A humorous philosophical investigation into the existence of Santa from a co–executive producer of The Big Bang Theory—the perfect stocking stuffer for the deep thinker on everyone’s list. Emmy award–winning comedy writer and philosophy scholar Eric Kaplan brilliantly turns a search for the truth about Santa into a laugh-out-loud metaphysical romp. Surveying everything from the analytic philosophy of Bertrand Russell and Ludwig Wittgenstein to Buddhism, Taoism, and Kabbalah, Kaplan alights on comedy—including The Big Bang Theory and Monty Python—as the best way to resolve life’s most profound paradoxes, including the existence of perfect moments, Santa, and even God.

Persons, Souls and Death

Author : David H. Lund
Publisher : McFarland
ISBN 13 : 0786453117
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (864 download)

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Book Synopsis Persons, Souls and Death by : David H. Lund

Download or read book Persons, Souls and Death written by David H. Lund and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2009-04-22 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Awareness of mortality is the price of intelligent consciousness. This book argues that a person is essentially an immaterial subject of conscious states who, though intimately linked by causal ties to the body, is nevertheless distinct from it. The book also examines apparently paranormal occurrences supporting the belief that some persons have survived bodily death. Cases of near-death experiences, apparitions, reincarnation experiences and mediumship phenomena are presented and discussed. Though it might seem contrary to natural law for a person to exist apart from a body and properly functioning brain, these cases suggest otherwise. Critical evaluation of alternative interpretations is provided.

Evil Matters

Author : Zachary J. Goldberg
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000422984
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Evil Matters by : Zachary J. Goldberg

Download or read book Evil Matters written by Zachary J. Goldberg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-08-05 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an inquiry into particular matters concerning the nature, normativity, and aftermath of evil action. It combines philosophical conceptual analysis with empirical studies in psychology and discussions of historical events to provide an innovative analysis of evil action. The book considers unresolved questions belonging to metaethical, normative, and practical characteristics of evil action. It begins by asking whether Kant’s historical account of evil is still relevant for contemporary thinkers. Then it addresses features of evil action that distinguish it from mundane wrongdoing, thereby placing it as a proper category of philosophical inquiry. Next, the author inquires into how evil acts affect moral relationships and challenge Strawsonian accounts of moral responsibility. He then draws conceptual and empirical connections between evil acts such as genocide, torture, and slavery and collective agency, and asks why evil acts are often collective acts. Finally, the author questions both the possibility and propriety of forgiveness and vengeance in the aftermath of evil and discusses how individuals ought to cope with the pervasiveness of evil in human interaction. Evil Matters: A Philosophical Inquiry will be of interest to advanced students and researchers in philosophy working on the concept of evil, moral responsibility, collective agency, vengeance, and forgiveness.

Presence and Absence

Author : Robert Sokolowski
Publisher : CUA Press
ISBN 13 : 081323008X
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis Presence and Absence by : Robert Sokolowski

Download or read book Presence and Absence written by Robert Sokolowski and published by CUA Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Presence and Absence is a book of importance for all who are actively engaged in the philosophical enterprise, whatever their differing persuasions. It shows philosophy to be flourishing in the midst of its own self-proclaimed signs of morbidity.” – The Review of Metaphysics “A splendid, provocative and profound work, this book explores the manifold ways in which the contrast of presence and absence operate to establish the possibility of human discourse and truthfulness...belongs in every philosophy collection.” – Choice “Quite simply a superb book, which deserves more than one careful reading. A fresh, unified treatment of a grand philosophical theme, the theme of the connections between thought, truth, and being.” – Man and World “A thoughtful book about thoughtfulness and truthfulness and their ontological conditions. Simply put, this is a book that will reward its careful reader a hundredfold, for Sokolowski is a speaker who says things in ways that are provocative, exciting, and invariably insightful.” – Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology “Has few peers in phenomenological literature.” – International Philosophical Quarterly “[Sokolowski is] an original thinker of the first rank, who has significantly furthered the path of phenomenological philosophy. As well as being an exciting synthesis, a thinking of the previously unthought in predecessors, and a ground-breaking movement, this work is written with a sensitivity to language and its graceful use that one would hope for from one exploring its richness and power.” – Human Studies

Rape

Author : Keith Burgess-Jackson
Publisher : Dartmouth Publishing Company
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Rape by : Keith Burgess-Jackson

Download or read book Rape written by Keith Burgess-Jackson and published by Dartmouth Publishing Company. This book was released on 1996 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book-length philosophical examination of rape, which has received ample attention from feminists, legal scholars and social scientists.

Freemasonry

Author : Giuliano Di Bernardo
Publisher : Dorrance Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1645306240
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (453 download)

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Book Synopsis Freemasonry by : Giuliano Di Bernardo

Download or read book Freemasonry written by Giuliano Di Bernardo and published by Dorrance Publishing. This book was released on 2020-01-20 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freemasonry: A Philosophical Investigation By: Giuliano Di Bernardo The purpose of this investigation is to answer the following questions: Is there a philosophy of Freemasonry? And, if there is, what is the philosophy that characterizes Masonic thought? Is there a Masonic anthropology? What relationship can there be between it and the anthropologies that are based on other visions of life? In what documents is this anthropology codified? Masonic thought is not the expression of a philosophy, if by philosophy we mean a complete system containing the totality of the areas traditionally contemplated by philosophical reflection. However, Freemasonry is upheld by a specific practical philosophy that concerns man, his nature, and his purposes. This is why the essential core of practical Masonic philosophy is Masonic anthropology. During the course of Freemasonry, Masonic thought has also developed a discourse about man, even defining and codifying some of his essential characteristics, which can be grouped into the quintuple: Of these, freedom and transcendence are the two fundamental notions around which the entire Masonic anthropological system is centered. These theoretical conclusions are supported by historical sources of Freemasonry, formed by Anderson’s Constitutions and Declarations of the United Grand Lodge of England. In spite of the multiplicity of sources and the difficulties interpreting them, we can identify a stable and unitary Masonic thought. This provides an initial contribution to the philosophical interpretation of Freemasonry and its image of man.

Ethics and Public Policy

Author : Jonathan Wolff
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136721789
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics and Public Policy by : Jonathan Wolff

Download or read book Ethics and Public Policy written by Jonathan Wolff and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-01-11 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethics and Public Policy:€A Philosophical Inquiry€is the first book to subject important and controversial areas of public policy, such as drugs, health and€gambling€to philosophical scrutiny.

Hinduism

Author : Shyam Ranganathan
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317438752
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Hinduism by : Shyam Ranganathan

Download or read book Hinduism written by Shyam Ranganathan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hinduism: A Contemporary Philosophical Investigation explores Hinduism and the distinction between the secular and religious on a global scale. According to Ranganathan, a careful philosophical study of Hinduism reveals it as the microcosm of philosophical disagreements with Indian resources, across a variety of topics, including: ethics, logic, the philosophy of thought, epistemology, moral standing, metaphysics, and politics. This analysis offers an original and fresh diagnosis of studying Hinduism, colonialism, and a global rise of hyper-nationalism, as well as the frequent acrimony between scholars and practitioners of Hindu traditions. This text is appropriate for use in undergraduate and graduate courses on Hinduism, and Indian philosophy, and can be used as an advanced introduction to the problems of philosophy with South Asian resources.

Inconsistency, Asymmetry, and Non-Locality

Author : Mathias Frisch
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199883777
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Inconsistency, Asymmetry, and Non-Locality by : Mathias Frisch

Download or read book Inconsistency, Asymmetry, and Non-Locality written by Mathias Frisch and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-03-31 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathias Frisch provides the first sustained philosophical discussion of conceptual problems in classical particle-field theories. Part of the book focuses on the problem of a satisfactory equation of motion for charged particles interacting with electromagnetic fields. As Frisch shows, the standard equation of motion results in a mathematically inconsistent theory, yet there is no fully consistent and conceptually unproblematic alternative theory. Frisch describes in detail how the search for a fundamental equation of motion is partly driven by pragmatic considerations (like simplicity and mathematical tractability) that can override the aim for full consistency. The book also offers a comprehensive review and criticism of both the physical and philosophical literature on the temporal asymmetry exhibited by electromagnetic radiation fields, including Einstein's discussion of the asymmetry and Wheeler and Feynman's influential absorber theory of radiation. Frisch argues that attempts to derive the asymmetry from thermodynamic or cosmological considerations fail and proposes that we should understand the asymmetry as due to a fundamental causal constraint. The book's overarching philosophical thesis is that standard philosophical accounts that strictly identify scientific theories with a mathematical formalism and a mapping function specifying the theory's ontology are inadequate, since they permit neither inconsistent yet genuinely successful theories nor thick causal notions to be part of fundamental physics.

Daoism

Author : Livia Kohn
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351396110
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Daoism by : Livia Kohn

Download or read book Daoism written by Livia Kohn and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Daoism: A Contemporary Philosophical Investigation explores philosophy of religion from a Daoist perspective. Philosophy of religion is a thriving field today, increasingly expanding from its traditional theistic, Christian roots into more cosmologically oriented Asian religions. This book raises a number of different issues on the three levels of cosmos, individual, and society, and addresses key questions like: What are the distinctive characteristics of Daoist thought and cosmology? How does it approach problems of creation, body, mind, and society? What, ultimately, is Dao? How does it manifest and play a role in the world? What are the key features of Daoist communities and ethics? What role does the body play in Daoism? What do Daoists think is the relationship between language and reality? What is Daoist immortality? How do Daoists envision the perfect life on earth? The volume delves into philosophical subject matter in a way that is accessible to those approaching the topic for this first time, while also making an original contribution to Daoist philosophy of religion. This volume is suitable for use by undergraduate and graduate students studying Chinese religion and philosophy, as well as more general introductory courses on Daoism.

Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations

Author : William H. Brenner
Publisher : SUNY Press
ISBN 13 : 9780791442012
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations by : William H. Brenner

Download or read book Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations written by William H. Brenner and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An imaginative and exciting exposition of themes from Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations, this book helps readers find their way around the "forest of remarks" that make up this classic. Chapters on language, mind, color, number, God, value, and philosophy develop a major theme: that there are various kinds of language use - a variety philosophy needs to look at but tends to overlook.