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A Mutation Selection Model With Recombination For General Genotypes
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Book Synopsis A Mutation-selection Model with Recombination for General Genotypes by : Steven Neil Evans
Download or read book A Mutation-selection Model with Recombination for General Genotypes written by Steven Neil Evans and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate a continuous time, probability measure-valued dynamical system that describes the process of mutation-selection balance in a context where the population is infinite, there may be infinitely many loci, and there are weak assumptions on selective costs. Our model arises when we incorporate very general recombination mechanisms into an earlier model of mutation and selection presented by Steinsaltz, Evans and Wachter in 2005 and take the relative strength of mutation and selection to be sufficiently small. The resulting dynamical system is dynamical system a flow of measures on the space of loci. Each such measure is the intensity measure of a Poisson random measure on the space of loci: intensity measure the points of a realization of the random measure record the set of loci at which the genotype of a uniformly chosen individual differs from a reference wild type due to an accumulation of ancestral mutations. Our motivation for working in such a general setting is to provide a basis for understanding mutation-driven changes in age-specific demographic schedules that arise from the complex interaction of many genes, and hence to develop a framework for understanding the evolution of aging. We establish the existence and uniqueness of the dynamical system, provide conditions for the existence and stability of equilibrium states, and prove that our continuous-time dynamical system is the limit of a sequence of discrete-time infinite population mutation-selection-recombination models in the standard asymptotic regime where selection and mutation are weak relative to recombination and both scale at the same infinitesimal rate in the limit.
Book Synopsis A Mutation-Selection Model with Recombination for General Genotypes by : Steven Neil Evans
Download or read book A Mutation-Selection Model with Recombination for General Genotypes written by Steven Neil Evans and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2013-02-26 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors investigate a continuous time, probability measure-valued dynamical system that describes the process of mutation-selection balance in a context where the population is infinite, there may be infinitely many loci, and there are weak assumptions on selective costs. Their model arises when they incorporate very general recombination mechanisms into an earlier model of mutation and selection presented by Steinsaltz, Evans and Wachter in 2005 and take the relative strength of mutation and selection to be sufficiently small. The resulting dynamical system is a flow of measures on the space of loci. Each such measure is the intensity measure of a Poisson random measure on the space of loci: the points of a realization of the random measure record the set of loci at which the genotype of a uniformly chosen individual differs from a reference wild type due to an accumulation of ancestral mutations. The authors' motivation for working in such a general setting is to provide a basis for understanding mutation-driven changes in age-specific demographic schedules that arise from the complex interaction of many genes, and hence to develop a framework for understanding the evolution of aging.
Book Synopsis An Analysis of the Distribution of Genotypes for a Recent Model in Population Genetics by : Moorea Brega
Download or read book An Analysis of the Distribution of Genotypes for a Recent Model in Population Genetics written by Moorea Brega and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent genetic studies suggest that many age-related diseases may be attributed not to a single or small number of mutations, but rather to a large number of mutations, each of which is individually slightly deleterious. Following in the tradition of Kimura and Maruyama, we consider mutation accumulation in an infinite population with a large number of mutation types. We compare the distribution of genotypes under two extreme assumptions regarding genetic recombination: no recombination versus ``free" recombination, in which recombination acts more rapidly than mutation and selection. Under a range of assumptions, including realistic mutation rates and demographic fitness measures, we find unexpected similarities in the predictions from the different models. While recombination predictably affects the level of mutant alleles present in the population, the overall shape of the genotype distribution under the two models is quite similar, as are the general behavior of demographic outcomes such as lifespan and hazard rates. Furthermore, the distribution of genotypes under the assumption of no recombination may be well approximated by a Poisson random measure. The qualitative similarities in genotype distributions and demographic characters under these extreme models of genetic recombination suggest that attempts to model recombination in a more realistic manner may not add much to our understanding when viewed from a demographic perspective. The two models analyzed here, developed by Steinsaltz, Evans, and Wachter, are general enough to connect age-specific effects on demographic characters, such as mortality, to mechanisms of genetic change. While the 2005 model without recombination has a series solution, it cannot be directly evaluated except in the simplest of cases. Sampling from the distribution of genotypes in cases with a large number of mutation types is challenging. In this work we utilize a multiple-try Metropolis algorithm to sample from the distribution of genotypes for spaces containing up to 1000 different mutation types. We consider a variety of test cases, finding scenarios in which typical genotypes contain 100, 350 or even 850 mutations. Our success at accurately estimating genotype distributions and demographic outcomes under assumptions that produce such a large average number of mutations suggests that this model could be utilized under more realistic scenarios, such as mutations associated with age-related disease.
Book Synopsis Models for Mutation, Selection, and Recombination in Infinite Populations by : Oliver Redner
Download or read book Models for Mutation, Selection, and Recombination in Infinite Populations written by Oliver Redner and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mutation and Evolution by : Ronny C. Woodruff
Download or read book Mutation and Evolution written by Ronny C. Woodruff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although debated since the time of Darwin, the evolutionary role of mutation is still controversial. In over 40 chapters from leading authorities in mutation and evolutionary biology, this book takes a new look at both the theoretical and experimental measurement and significance of new mutation. Deleterious, nearly neutral, beneficial, and polygenic mutations are considered in their effects on fitness, life history traits, and the composition of the gene pool. Mutation is a phenomenon that draws attention from many different disciplines. Thus, the extensive reviews of the literature will be valuable both to established researchers and to those just beginning to study this field. Through up-to-date reviews, the authors provide an insightful overview of each topic and then share their newest ideas and explore controversial aspects of mutation and the evolutionary process. From topics like gonadal mosaicism and mutation clusters to adaptive mutagenesis, mutation in cell organelles, and the level and distribution of DNA molecular changes, the foundation is set for continuing the debate about the role of mutation, fitness, and adaptability. It is a debate that will have profound consequences for our understanding of evolution.
Book Synopsis Molecular Evolutionary Genetics by : Masatoshi Nei
Download or read book Molecular Evolutionary Genetics written by Masatoshi Nei and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: -- "The Scientist"
Book Synopsis Elements of Evolutionary Genetics by : Brian Charlesworth
Download or read book Elements of Evolutionary Genetics written by Brian Charlesworth and published by Roberts. This book was released on 2010-02-03 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook shows readers how models of the genetic processes involved in evolution are made (including natural selection, migration, mutation, and genetic drift in finite populations), and how the models are used to interpret classical and molecular genetic data. The material is intended for advanced level undergraduate courses in genetics and evolutionary biology, graduate students in evolutionary biology and human genetics, and researchers in related fields who wish to learn evolutionary genetics. The topics covered include genetic variation, DNA sequence variability and its measurement, the different types of natural selection and their effects (e.g. the maintenance of variation, directional selection, and adaptation), the interactions between selection and mutation or migration, the description and analysis of variation at multiple sites in the genome, genetic drift, and the effects of spatial structure.
Author : Publisher :World Scientific ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1131 pages Book Rating :4./5 ( download)
Download or read book written by and published by World Scientific. This book was released on with total page 1131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis In the Light of Evolution by : National Academy of Sciences
Download or read book In the Light of Evolution written by National Academy of Sciences and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arthur M. Sackler Colloquia of the National Academy of Sciences address scientific topics of broad and current interest, cutting across the boundaries of traditional disciplines. Each year, four or five such colloquia are scheduled, typically two days in length and international in scope. Colloquia are organized by a member of the Academy, often with the assistance of an organizing committee, and feature presentations by leading scientists in the field and discussions with a hundred or more researchers with an interest in the topic. Colloquia presentations are recorded and posted on the National Academy of Sciences Sackler colloquia website and published on CD-ROM. These Colloquia are made possible by a generous gift from Mrs. Jill Sackler, in memory of her husband, Arthur M. Sackler.
Book Synopsis Spectra of Symmetrized Shuffling Operators by : Victor Reiner
Download or read book Spectra of Symmetrized Shuffling Operators written by Victor Reiner and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a finite real reflection group W and a W -orbit O of flats in its reflection arrangement - or equivalently a conjugacy class of its parabolic subgroups - the authors introduce a statistic noninv O (w) on w in W that counts the number of O -noninversions of w . This generalises the classical (non-)inversion statistic for permutations w in the symmetric group S n. The authors then study the operator ? O of right-multiplication within the group algebra CW by the element that has noninv O (w) as its coefficient on w.
Book Synopsis The Sine-Gordon Equation in the Semiclassical Limit: Dynamics of Fluxon Condensates by : Robert J. Buckingham
Download or read book The Sine-Gordon Equation in the Semiclassical Limit: Dynamics of Fluxon Condensates written by Robert J. Buckingham and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2013-08-23 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors study the Cauchy problem for the sine-Gordon equation in the semiclassical limit with pure-impulse initial data of sufficient strength to generate both high-frequency rotational motion near the peak of the impulse profile and also high-frequency librational motion in the tails. They show that for small times independent of the semiclassical scaling parameter, both types of motion are accurately described by explicit formulae involving elliptic functions. These formulae demonstrate consistency with predictions of Whitham's formal modulation theory in both the hyperbolic (modulationally stable) and elliptic (modulationally unstable) cases.
Book Synopsis On the Steady Motion of a Coupled System Solid-Liquid by : Josef Bemelmans
Download or read book On the Steady Motion of a Coupled System Solid-Liquid written by Josef Bemelmans and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2013-10-23 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the unconstrained (free) motion of an elastic solid B in a Navier-Stokes liquid L occupying the whole space outside B, under the assumption that a constant body force b is acting on B. More specifically, we are interested in the steady motion of the coupled system {B,L}, which means that there exists a frame with respect to which the relevant governing equations possess a time-independent solution. We prove the existence of such a frame, provided some smallness restrictions are imposed on the physical parameters, and the reference configuration of B satisfies suitable geometric properties.
Book Synopsis Gromov, Cauchy and Causal Boundaries for Riemannian, Finslerian and Lorentzian Manifolds by : Jose Luis Flores
Download or read book Gromov, Cauchy and Causal Boundaries for Riemannian, Finslerian and Lorentzian Manifolds written by Jose Luis Flores and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2013-10-23 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, the old notion of causal boundary for a spacetime V has been redefined consistently. The computation of this boundary ∂V on any standard conformally stationary spacetime V=R×M, suggests a natural compactification MB associated to any Riemannian metric on M or, more generally, to any Finslerian one. The corresponding boundary ∂BM is constructed in terms of Busemann-type functions. Roughly, ∂BM represents the set of all the directions in M including both, asymptotic and "finite" (or "incomplete") directions. This Busemann boundary ∂BM is related to two classical boundaries: the Cauchy boundary ∂CM and the Gromov boundary ∂GM. The authors' aims are: (1) to study the subtleties of both, the Cauchy boundary for any generalized (possibly non-symmetric) distance and the Gromov compactification for any (possibly incomplete) Finsler manifold, (2) to introduce the new Busemann compactification MB, relating it with the previous two completions, and (3) to give a full description of the causal boundary ∂V of any standard conformally stationary spacetime. J. L. Flores and J. Herrera, University of Malaga, Spain, and M. Sánchez, University of Granada, Spain. Publisher's note.
Book Synopsis On the Regularity of the Composition of Diffeomorphisms by : H. Inci
Download or read book On the Regularity of the Composition of Diffeomorphisms written by H. Inci and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2013-10-23 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For M a closed manifold or the Euclidean space Rn we present a detailed proof of regularity properties of the composition of Hs-regular diffeomorphisms of M for s > 12dimM+1.
Book Synopsis On Central Critical Values of the Degree Four $L$-Functions for GSp(4): The Fundamental Lemma. III by : Masaaki Furusawa
Download or read book On Central Critical Values of the Degree Four $L$-Functions for GSp(4): The Fundamental Lemma. III written by Masaaki Furusawa and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2013-08-23 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some time ago, the first and third authors proposed two relative trace formulas to prove generalizations of Böcherer's conjecture on the central critical values of the degree four -functions for , and proved the relevant fundamental lemmas. Recently, the first and second authors proposed an alternative third relative trace formula to approach the same problem and proved the relevant fundamental lemma. In this paper the authors extend the latter fundamental lemma and the first of the former fundamental lemmas to the full Hecke algebra. The fundamental lemma is an equality of two local relative orbital integrals. In order to show that they are equal, the authors compute them explicitly for certain bases of the Hecke algebra and deduce the matching.
Book Synopsis Isolated Involutions in Finite Groups by : Rebecca Waldecker
Download or read book Isolated Involutions in Finite Groups written by Rebecca Waldecker and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2013-10-23 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides a new proof of Glauberman's Z*-Theorem under the additional hypothesis that the simple groups involved in the centraliser of an isolated involution are known simple groups.
Book Synopsis Operator-Valued Measures, Dilations, and the Theory of Frames by : Deguang Han
Download or read book Operator-Valued Measures, Dilations, and the Theory of Frames written by Deguang Han and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2014-04-07 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors develop elements of a general dilation theory for operator-valued measures. Hilbert space operator-valued measures are closely related to bounded linear maps on abelian von Neumann algebras, and some of their results include new dilation results for bounded linear maps that are not necessarily completely bounded, and from domain algebras that are not necessarily abelian. In the non-cb case the dilation space often needs to be a Banach space. They give applications to both the discrete and the continuous frame theory. There are natural associations between the theory of frames (including continuous frames and framings), the theory of operator-valued measures on sigma-algebras of sets, and the theory of continuous linear maps between -algebras. In this connection frame theory itself is identified with the special case in which the domain algebra for the maps is an abelian von Neumann algebra and the map is normal (i.e. ultraweakly, or weakly, or w*) continuous.
