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A Low Power Low Phase Noise Voltage Controlled Oscillator
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Book Synopsis A Low Power Low Phase Noise Voltage Controlled Oscillator by : Kriyang Shah
Download or read book A Low Power Low Phase Noise Voltage Controlled Oscillator written by Kriyang Shah and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The explosive growth in wireless communication has driven research into low-cost, low-power and miniaturised wireless receivers. A low power and low phase noise voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is one of the key components of transceiver systems. Close-in phase noise, responsible for jitter in time domain, is the most important parameter of a VCO as it results in inter-symbol interferences in high speed analogue to digital converters (ADCs). VCO phase noise also degrades system sensitivity and selectivity of wireless receivers. To improve battery life, VCO designs for wireless receivers must consume the least possible power. Hence, the primary aims of this research are to achieve a VCO with very low close-in phase noise and with low power consumption. Substantial research into VCO topologies and the design of on-chip passive elements has made on-chip complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) implementation of LC-tank VCO possible. However, the principle issues with CMOS LC-VCOs have been the unavailability of a high quality factor (Q) on-chip inductor and high flicker noise of active devices.
Book Synopsis Low Power VCO Design in CMOS by : Marc Tiebout
Download or read book Low Power VCO Design in CMOS written by Marc Tiebout and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-25 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work covers the design of CMOS fully integrated low power low phase noise voltage controlled oscillators for telecommunication or datacommuni- tion systems. The need for low power is obvious, as mobile wireless telecommunications are battery operated. As wireless telecommunication systems use oscillators in frequency synthesizers for frequency translation, the selectivity and signal to noise ratio of receivers and transmitters depend heavily on the low phase noise performance of the implemented oscillators. Datacommunication s- tems need low jitter, the time-domain equivalent of low phase noise, clocks for data detection and recovery. The power consumption is less critical. The need for multi-band and multi-mode systems pushes the high-integration of telecommunication systems. This is o?ered by sub-micron CMOS feat- ing digital ?exibility. The recent crisis in telecommunication clearly shows that mobile hand-sets became mass-market high-volume consumer products, where low-cost is of prime importance. This need for low-cost products - livens tremendously research towards CMOS alternatives for the bipolar or BiCMOS solutions in use today.
Book Synopsis Low-power Low-phase-noise Voltage-controlled Oscillator Design by : Yue Yu
Download or read book Low-power Low-phase-noise Voltage-controlled Oscillator Design written by Yue Yu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The design of voltage-controlled Oscillators nowadays is all about being capable of operating at higher clock frequencies for the purpose of higher data rate, consuming less power for the purpose of longer battery life, and having better phase noise performance for the purpose of higher quality of wireless service and more efficient use of the available frequency spectrum since most of the wireless and mobile terminals that these VCOs work in are required to be able to operate in multiple RF standards to serve new generations of standards while being backward compatible with existing ones, leading to a demand for multi-standard multi-band radio operation that deals with high frequency RF signals that undergo different modulation schemes of different standards in different channels over a wide range of frequency band. A top-down system design from the PLL to the VCO is carried out to determine the specifications for a fully integrated dual-band voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) designed for a Zero-IF WiMAX/WLAN receiver in a O.18tm CMOS technology with 1.8V supply voltage. A VCO employing a differential cross-coupled inductance-capacitance (LC) tank architecture is proposed to cover twice the desired frequency bands for WiMAX and WLAN standards in order to avoid load pulling between VCO frequency and incoming RF frequency. The switching between two bands is implemented by using two binary-weighted capacitor arrays while switching inside each sub-band is implemented by different digital control signal combinations for the binary-weighted capacitances. A phase noise of -120.7dB/Hz at 1MHz offset frequency is demonstrated for an oscillation frequency of 4.84GHz. The average power consumption of this VCO is 8.1mW. This VCO is developed as an IP (Intellectual Property) to be used in a fully integrated CMOS multi-standard WiMAX/WLAN radio allowing seamless roaming of handheld mobile devices between hotspots in future Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN). To compare the performance of ring oscillators to that of LC tank oscillators, the designs of two three-stage multiple-pass voltage-controlled ring oscillators with dual-delay paths are demonstrated where the differential delay cell utilizes both the primary loop delay and the negative skewed delay to increase the frequency of oscillation substantially and retain or even increase tuning range. Their phase noise performance is also improved by switching in and out the transistors periodically. In design I, the covered frequency range is from 0.74 GHz to 1.96 GHz, which translates to a tuning range of 90 % A phase noise of -104.995dBc/Hz is demonstrated for an oscillation frequency of 1.8535 GHz. Each stage draws a current of 4.963mA on average from a 1.8V power supply, resulting in a power consumption of 26.8mW. In design II, the covered frequency range is from 1.0478 GHz to 2.0022 GHz, which translates to a tuning range of 63%. The frequency-voltage curve is almost a perfect linear curve for V between OV and 0.9V. A phase noise of -110.O45dBc/Hz is demonstrated for an oscillation frequency of 2.00216 GHz. Each stage draws a current of 10.179mA on average from a 1.8V power supply, resulting in a power consumption of 55mW.
Book Synopsis Low Power and Low Phase Noise Voltage-Controlled Oscillator and Frequency Synthesizer for Ultra-Low Power Transmitter by : 黃鈺絜
Download or read book Low Power and Low Phase Noise Voltage-Controlled Oscillator and Frequency Synthesizer for Ultra-Low Power Transmitter written by 黃鈺絜 and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design of High-Performance CMOS Voltage-Controlled Oscillators by : Liang Dai
Download or read book Design of High-Performance CMOS Voltage-Controlled Oscillators written by Liang Dai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design of High-Performance CMOS Voltage-Controlled Oscillators presents a phase noise modeling framework for CMOS ring oscillators. The analysis considers both linear and nonlinear operation. It indicates that fast rail-to-rail switching has to be achieved to minimize phase noise. Additionally, in conventional design the flicker noise in the bias circuit can potentially dominate the phase noise at low offset frequencies. Therefore, for narrow bandwidth PLLs, noise up conversion for the bias circuits should be minimized. We define the effective Q factor (Qeff) for ring oscillators and predict its increase for CMOS processes with smaller feature sizes. Our phase noise analysis is validated via simulation and measurement results. The digital switching noise coupled through the power supply and substrate is usually the dominant source of clock jitter. Improving the supply and substrate noise immunity of a PLL is a challenging job in hostile environments such as a microprocessor chip where millions of digital gates are present.
Book Synopsis Design of High-Performance CMOS Voltage-Controlled Oscillators by : Liang Dai
Download or read book Design of High-Performance CMOS Voltage-Controlled Oscillators written by Liang Dai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design of High-Performance CMOS Voltage-Controlled Oscillators presents a phase noise modeling framework for CMOS ring oscillators. The analysis considers both linear and nonlinear operation. It indicates that fast rail-to-rail switching has to be achieved to minimize phase noise. Additionally, in conventional design the flicker noise in the bias circuit can potentially dominate the phase noise at low offset frequencies. Therefore, for narrow bandwidth PLLs, noise up conversion for the bias circuits should be minimized. We define the effective Q factor (Qeff) for ring oscillators and predict its increase for CMOS processes with smaller feature sizes. Our phase noise analysis is validated via simulation and measurement results. The digital switching noise coupled through the power supply and substrate is usually the dominant source of clock jitter. Improving the supply and substrate noise immunity of a PLL is a challenging job in hostile environments such as a microprocessor chip where millions of digital gates are present.
Book Synopsis Low Phase Noise, Voltage Controlled Oscillator in Microstrip by : James A. Carr
Download or read book Low Phase Noise, Voltage Controlled Oscillator in Microstrip written by James A. Carr and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Low Power Low Phase Noise CMOS LC Quadrature Voltage-controlled Oscillators by : Tat Fu Chan
Download or read book Low Power Low Phase Noise CMOS LC Quadrature Voltage-controlled Oscillators written by Tat Fu Chan and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Low Phase Noise Voltage-controlled Oscillator Design by : Zhipeng Zhu
Download or read book Low Phase Noise Voltage-controlled Oscillator Design written by Zhipeng Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two kinds of voltage-controlled oscillators (VCO)--active inductor based VCO and LC cross-coupled VCO--are studied in this work. Although the phase noise performance is not competitive, the proposed active inductor based VCO provide an alternative method to VCO design with very small chip area and large tuning range. The measurement shows a test oscillator based on active inductor topology successfully oscillates near 530MHz band. The phase noise of the widely used LC cross-coupled VCO is extensively investigated in this work. Under the widely used power dissipation and chip area constraints, a novel optimization procedure in LC oscillator design centered on a new inductance selection criterion is proposed. This optimization procedure is based on a physical phase noise model. From it, several closed-form expressions are derived to describe the phase noise generated in the LC oscillators, which indicate that the phase noise is proportional to the L2· gL3 factor. The minimum value of this factor for an area-limited spiral inductor is proven to monotonically decrease with increasing inductance, suggesting a larger inductance is helpful to reduce the phase noise in LC VCO design. The validity of the optimization procedure is proven by simulations. Two test chips are designed and measured.
Book Synopsis The Designer's Guide to High-Purity Oscillators by : Emad Eldin Hegazi
Download or read book The Designer's Guide to High-Purity Oscillators written by Emad Eldin Hegazi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-18 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: try to predict it using mathematical expressions. His heuristic model without mathematical proof is almost universally accepted. However, it entails a c- cuit specific noise factor that is not known a priori and so is not predictive. In this work, we attempt to address the topic of oscillator design from a diff- ent perspective. By introducing a new paradigm that accurately captures the subtleties of phase noise we try to answer the question: 'why do oscillators behave in a particular way?' and 'what can be done to build an optimum design?' It is also hoped that the paradigm is useful in other areas of circuit design such as frequency synthesis and clock recovery. In Chapter 1, a general introduction and motivation to the subject is presented. Chapter 2 summarizes the fundamentals of phase noise and timing jitter and discusses earlier works on oscillator's phase noise analysis. Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 analyze the physical mechanisms behind phase noise generation in current-biased and Colpitts oscillators. Chapter 5 discusses design trade-offs and new techniques in LC oscillator design that allows optimal design. Chapter 6 and Chapter 7 discuss a topic that is typically ignored in oscillator design. That is flicker noise in LC oscillators. Finally, Chapter 8 is dedicated to the complete analysis of the role of varactors both in tuning and AM-FM noise conversion.
Book Synopsis Low-Noise Low-Power Design for Phase-Locked Loops by : Feng Zhao
Download or read book Low-Noise Low-Power Design for Phase-Locked Loops written by Feng Zhao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-25 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces low-noise and low-power design techniques for phase-locked loops and their building blocks. It summarizes the noise reduction techniques for fractional-N PLL design and introduces a novel capacitive-quadrature coupling technique for multi-phase signal generation. The capacitive-coupling technique has been validated through silicon implementation and can provide low phase-noise and accurate I-Q phase matching, with low power consumption from a super low supply voltage. Readers will be enabled to pick one of the most suitable QVCO circuit structures for their own designs, without additional effort to look for the optimal circuit structure and device parameters.
Book Synopsis Microelectronics, Electromagnetics and Telecommunications by : Ganapati Panda
Download or read book Microelectronics, Electromagnetics and Telecommunications written by Ganapati Panda and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-02 with total page 823 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book discusses the latest developments and outlines future trends in the fields of microelectronics, electromagnetics and telecommunication. It contains original research works presented at the International Conference on Microelectronics, Electromagnetics and Telecommunication (ICMEET 2018), organised by GVP College of Engineering (A), Andhra Pradesh, India. The respective papers were written by scientists, research scholars and practitioners from leading universities, engineering colleges and R&D institutes from all over the world, and share the latest breakthroughs in and promising solutions to the most important issues facing today’s society.
Book Synopsis High-Frequency Integrated Circuits by : Sorin Voinigescu
Download or read book High-Frequency Integrated Circuits written by Sorin Voinigescu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-28 with total page 921 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A transistor-level, design-intensive overview of high speed and high frequency monolithic integrated circuits for wireless and broadband systems from 2 GHz to 200 GHz, this comprehensive text covers high-speed, RF, mm-wave, and optical fibre circuits using nanoscale CMOS, SiGe BiCMOS, and III-V technologies. Step-by-step design methodologies, end-of chapter problems, and practical simulation and design projects are provided, making this an ideal resource for senior undergraduate and graduate courses in circuit design. With an emphasis on device-circuit topology interaction and optimization, it gives circuit designers and students alike an in-depth understanding of device structures and process limitations affecting circuit performance.
Book Synopsis Design of Low-phase-noise and Low-power Current-controlled Oscillators by : Junhong Zhao
Download or read book Design of Low-phase-noise and Low-power Current-controlled Oscillators written by Junhong Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oscillators are widely employed in many electronic systems for signal generations, conversions, and detections. There are two categories of oscillators, voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) and current-controlled oscillators (ICOs). The development of device technology and the sensor systems lead to more and more applications of ICOs. Moreover, many of applications require ICOs to operate under very restricted conditions. The objective of the work presented in this thesis is to design ICO circuits that meet the requirements of wide frequency range, high sensitivity to the control signal, low phase noise, low power dissipation, and small circuit space. To this end, the work of the design starts with a latch-based oscillator that has a simple structure and wide frequency range, but very modest performance of phase accuracy. A method to reduce the phase noise by introducing a Slope-Enhancement-Block (SEB) is proposed. The SEB is used to make the voltage variation at the critical node in the circuit enhanced so that the short-circuits currents are reduced. This method can hence help not only to reduce the phase noise, but also the power dissipation. With this method, two ICO circuits have been designed. By means of Spectre simulations, the performances of the two ICOs have been evaluated. The results show that by introducing the SEB each consisting of two cascaded inverters into the minimum-sized latch-based ICO, the phase noise can be reduced by at lest 5dBc/Hz. Such a simple SEB also helps to reduce significantly the power dissipation, in particular, at the lower part of the frequency range. Compared with the existing oscillators having a similar frequency range, the designed ICOs have a better performance in terms of phase noise and the comparable power dissipation when they are made to operate at the same current level. The phase noise of the first designed ICO circuit, ICO_NA, is -114.7 dBc/Hz at the offset frequency of 1 MHz from the carrier of 916 MHz with the power dissipation of 26.05 mW. The phase noise of the second designed ICO circuit, ICO_NB, is -113.9 dBc/Hz at the offset of 1 MHz from 913 MHz with the power dissipation of 19.64 mW. Moreover, they require much smaller silicon space of only 3933?m 2.
Book Synopsis Low Phase Noise Microwave Voltage Controlled Oscillator by : Fikret Altunkilic̦
Download or read book Low Phase Noise Microwave Voltage Controlled Oscillator written by Fikret Altunkilic̦ and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Comparative Study of Low Phase Noise Voltage-controlled Oscillators (VCOs) in CMOS Technology by : Hu Jing Yao
Download or read book A Comparative Study of Low Phase Noise Voltage-controlled Oscillators (VCOs) in CMOS Technology written by Hu Jing Yao and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Voltage controlled oscillators (VCOs) are key components in frequency synthesizers for Radio Frequency (RF) wireless communications. The design of monolithic VCOs with standard CMOS processes has been the object of several recent research projects. The common goal of these attempts has been to investigate the possibility of meeting the very demanding VCO phase noise specifications without making use of bipolar processes or external components. Two categories of VCOs are studied in this thesis, one involving an inductor, and the other is inductor free, which is a ring oscillator. The study of the phase noise performance of complementary LC VCO shows that most of the phase noises come from the tail current. A modification has been made based on this topology, where the tail transistor is removed. However this brings another problem: higher power consumption. To overcome this problem, sub-threshold techniques have been used leading to sub-threshold LC VCO. A Ring oscillator is designed at the end because of its wide tuning range and ease of implementation. Schematic simulations, layout and post-layout simulations are accomplished using TSMC 0.18 um CMOS technology. The performances of the three types of VCOs are compared regarding the oscillating frequency, phase noise and tuning range. All of these can be used in the Bluetooth applications. In addition, the figure of merit (FOM) of the designed VCOs is compared with work by other researchers.
Book Synopsis Development of a Low Phase Noise Microwave Voltage Controlled Oscillator by : Elrien Vermaak
Download or read book Development of a Low Phase Noise Microwave Voltage Controlled Oscillator written by Elrien Vermaak and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
