A History Of Optics From Greek Antiquity To The Nineteenth Century

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A History of Optics from Greek Antiquity to the Nineteenth Century

Author : Olivier Darrigol
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191627453
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of Optics from Greek Antiquity to the Nineteenth Century by : Olivier Darrigol

Download or read book A History of Optics from Greek Antiquity to the Nineteenth Century written by Olivier Darrigol and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-01-26 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a long-term history of optics, from early Greek theories of vision to the nineteenth-century victory of the wave theory of light. It shows how light gradually became the central entity of a domain of physics that no longer referred to the functioning of the eye; it retraces the subsequent competition between medium-based and corpuscular concepts of light; and it details the nineteenth-century flourishing of mechanical ether theories. The author critically exploits and sometimes completes the more specialized histories that have flourished in the past few years. The resulting synthesis brings out the actors' long-term memory, their dependence on broad cultural shifts, and the evolution of disciplinary divisions and connections. Conceptual precision, textual concision, and abundant illustration make the book accessible to a broad variety of readers interested in the origins of modern optics.

From Sight to Light

Author : A. Mark Smith
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022652857X
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)

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Book Synopsis From Sight to Light by : A. Mark Smith

Download or read book From Sight to Light written by A. Mark Smith and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-11-16 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From its inception in Greek antiquity, the science of optics was aimed primarily at explaining sight and accounting for why things look as they do. By the end of the seventeenth century, however, the analytic focus of optics had shifted to light: its fundamental properties and such physical behaviors as reflection, refraction, and diffraction. This dramatic shift—which A. Mark Smith characterizes as the “Keplerian turn”—lies at the heart of this fascinating and pioneering study. Breaking from previous scholarship that sees Johannes Kepler as the culmination of a long-evolving optical tradition that traced back to Greek antiquity via the Muslim Middle Ages, Smith presents Kepler instead as marking a rupture with this tradition, arguing that his theory of retinal imaging, which was published in 1604, was instrumental in prompting the turn from sight to light. Kepler’s new theory of sight, Smith reveals, thus takes on true historical significance: by treating the eye as a mere light-focusing device rather than an image-producing instrument—as traditionally understood—Kepler’s account of retinal imaging helped spur the shift in analytic focus that eventually led to modern optics. A sweeping survey, From Sight to Light is poised to become the standard reference for historians of optics as well as those interested more broadly in the history of science, the history of art, and cultural and intellectual history.

Journal of Early Modern Studies - Volume 3, Issue 1 (Spring D:2014-01-01)

Author : Jalobeanu, Dana
Publisher : Zeta Books
ISBN 13 : 606826680X
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (682 download)

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Book Synopsis Journal of Early Modern Studies - Volume 3, Issue 1 (Spring D:2014-01-01) by : Jalobeanu, Dana

Download or read book Journal of Early Modern Studies - Volume 3, Issue 1 (Spring D:2014-01-01) written by Jalobeanu, Dana and published by Zeta Books. This book was released on 2014-01-01 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Routledge Companion to Art and Disability

Author : Keri Watson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000553450
Total Pages : 574 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Companion to Art and Disability by : Keri Watson

Download or read book The Routledge Companion to Art and Disability written by Keri Watson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-03-30 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Companion to Art and Disability explores disability in visual culture to uncover the ways in which bodily and cognitive differences are articulated physically and theoretically, and to demonstrate the ways in which disability is culturally constructed. This companion is organized thematically and includes artists from across historical periods and cultures in order to demonstrate the ways in which disability is historically and culturally contingent. The book engages with questions such as: How are people with disabilities represented in art? How are notions of disability articulated in relation to ideas of normality, hybridity, and anomaly? How do artists use visual culture to affirm or subvert notions of the normative body? Contributors consider the changing role of disability in visual culture, the place of representations in society, and the ways in which disability studies engages with and critiques intersectional notions of gender, race, ethnicity, class, and sexuality. This book will be particularly useful for scholars in art history, disability studies, visual culture, and museum studies.

Transparency and Critical Theory

Author : Jorge I. Valdovinos
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303095546X
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Transparency and Critical Theory by : Jorge I. Valdovinos

Download or read book Transparency and Critical Theory written by Jorge I. Valdovinos and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-26 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes an interdisciplinary approach to the critique of contemporary ideology, offering an innovative genealogy of one of its most fundamental discursive manoeuvres: the ideological effacement of mediation. Providing a comprehensive historical revision of media (from the Greeks to the Internet), this book identifies several critical junctures at which the tension between visibility and invisibility has overlapped with conceptions of neutrality—a tension best incarnated in today's use of the word transparency. Then, it traces this term's evolving semantic constellation through a variety of intellectual discourses, exposing it as a key operator in the revaluation of ideals, sensibilities, and modalities of perception that lie at the core of our contemporary attention-based economy.

Thomas Reid on Mathematics and Natural Philosophy

Author : Paul Wood
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 1474404812
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (744 download)

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Book Synopsis Thomas Reid on Mathematics and Natural Philosophy by : Paul Wood

Download or read book Thomas Reid on Mathematics and Natural Philosophy written by Paul Wood and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-31 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thomas Reid was an intellectual polymath interested in all aspects of Enlightenment thought. Paul Wood reconstructs Reid's career as a mathematician and natural philosopher and shows how he grappled with Sir Isaac Newton's scientific legacy.

The Principle of Least Action

Author : Alberto Rojo
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108298583
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis The Principle of Least Action by : Alberto Rojo

Download or read book The Principle of Least Action written by Alberto Rojo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-29 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principle of least action originates in the idea that, if nature has a purpose, it should follow a minimum or critical path. This simple principle, and its variants and generalizations, applies to optics, mechanics, electromagnetism, relativity, and quantum mechanics, and provides an essential guide to understanding the beauty of physics. This unique text provides an accessible introduction to the action principle across these various fields of physics, and examines its history and fundamental role in science. It includes - with varying levels of mathematical sophistication - explanations from historical sources, discussion of classic papers, and original worked examples. The result is a story that is understandable to those with a modest mathematical background, as well as to researchers and students in physics and the history of physics.

Sight, Touch, and Imagination in Byzantium

Author : Roland Betancourt
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108667708
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Sight, Touch, and Imagination in Byzantium by : Roland Betancourt

Download or read book Sight, Touch, and Imagination in Byzantium written by Roland Betancourt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-12 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considering the interrelations between sight, touch, and imagination, this book surveys classical, late antique, and medieval theories of vision to elaborate on how various spheres of the Byzantine world categorized and comprehended sensation and perception. Revisiting scholarly assumptions about the tactility of sight in the Byzantine world, it demonstrates how the haptic language associated with vision referred to the cognitive actions of the viewer as they grasped sensory data in the mind in order to comprehend and produce working imaginations of objects for thought and memory. At stake is how the affordances and limitations of the senses came to delineate and cultivate the manner in which art and rhetoric was understood as mediating the realities they wished to convey. This would similarly come to contour how Byzantine religious culture could also go about accessing the sacred, the image serving as a site of desire for the mediated representation of the Divine.

Relativity Principles and Theories from Galileo to Einstein

Author : Olivier Darrigol
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192666185
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Relativity Principles and Theories from Galileo to Einstein by : Olivier Darrigol

Download or read book Relativity Principles and Theories from Galileo to Einstein written by Olivier Darrigol and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-22 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motion is always relative to some thing. Is this thing a concrete body like the earth, is it an abstract space, or is it an imagined frame? Do the laws of physics depend on the choice of reference? It there a choice for which the laws are simplest? Is this choice unique? Is there a physical cause for the choice made? These questions traverse the history of modern physics from Galileo to Einstein. The answers involved Galilean relativity, Newton's absolute space, the purely relational concepts of Descartes, Leibniz, and Mach, and many forgotten uses of relativity principles in mechanics, optics, and electrodynamics - until the relativity theories of Poincaré, Einstein, Minkowksi, and Laue radically redefined space and time to satisfy universal kinds of relativity. Accordingly, this book retraces the emergence of relativity principles in early modern mechanics, documents their constructive use in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century mechanics, optics, and electrodynamics, and gives a well-rooted account of the genesis of special and general relativity in the early twentieth century. As an exercise in long-term history, it demonstrates the connectivity of issues and approaches across several centuries, despite enormous changes in context and culture. As an account of the genesis of relativity theories, it brings unprecedented clarity and fullness by broadening the spectrum of resources on which the principal actors drew.

Optics F2f

Author : Charles S. Adams
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0198786786
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Optics F2f by : Charles S. Adams

Download or read book Optics F2f written by Charles S. Adams and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook on optics introduces key concepts of wave optics and light propagation. The book highlights topics in contemporary optics such as propagation, dispersion and apodisation. The principles are applied through worked examples, and the book is copiously illustrated with more than 240 figures and 200 end-of-chapter exercises.

Senses of the Empire

Author : Eleanor Betts
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317057287
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Senses of the Empire by : Eleanor Betts

Download or read book Senses of the Empire written by Eleanor Betts and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-02-24 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Roman empire afforded a kaleidoscope of sensations. Through a series of multisensory case studies centred on people, places, buildings and artefacts, and on specific aspects of human behaviour, this volume develops ground-breaking methods and approaches for sensory studies in Roman archaeology and ancient history. Authors explore questions such as: what it felt like, and symbolised, to be showered with saffron at the amphitheatre; why the shape of a dancer’s body made him immediately recognisable as a social outcast; how the dramatic gestures, loud noises and unforgettable smells of a funeral would have different meanings for members of the family and for bystanders; and why feeling the weight of a signet ring on his finger contributed to a man’s sense of identity. A multisensory approach is taken throughout, with each chapter exploring at least two of the senses of sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch. The contributors’ individual approaches vary, reflecting the possibilities and the wide application of sensory studies to the ancient world. Underlying all chapters is a conviction that taking a multisensory approach enriches our understanding of the Roman empire, but also an awareness of the methodological problems encountered when reconstructing past experiences.

On the Genealogy of Color

Author : Zed Adams
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317401891
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis On the Genealogy of Color by : Zed Adams

Download or read book On the Genealogy of Color written by Zed Adams and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-16 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In On the Genealogy of Color, Zed Adams argues for a historicized approach to conceptual analysis, by exploring the relevance of the history of color science for contemporary philosophical debates about color realism. Adams contends that two prominent positions in these debates, Cartesian anti-realism and Oxford realism, are both predicated on the assumption that the concept of color is ahistorical and unrevisable. Adams takes issue with this premise by offering a philosophical genealogy of the concept of color. This book makes a significant contribution to recent debates on philosophical methodology by demonstrating the efficacy of using the genealogical method to explore philosophical concepts, and will appeal to philosophers of perception, philosophers of mind, and metaphysicians.

Early Days of X-ray Crystallography

Author : André Authier
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191635014
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Early Days of X-ray Crystallography by : André Authier

Download or read book Early Days of X-ray Crystallography written by André Authier and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-08-02 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The year 2012 marked the centenary of one of the most significant discoveries of the early twentieth century, the discovery of X-ray diffraction (March 1912, by Laue, Friedrich and Knipping) and of Bragg's law (November 1912). The discovery of X-ray diffraction confirmed the wave nature of X-rays and the space-lattice hypothesis. It had two major consequences: the analysis of the structure of atoms, and the determination of the atomic structure of materials. This had a momentous impact in chemistry, physics, mineralogy, material science, biology and X-ray spectroscopy. The book relates the discovery itself, the early days of X-ray crystallography, and the way the news of the discovery spread round the world. It explains how the first crystal structures were determined by William Bragg and his son Lawrence, and recounts which were the early applications of X-ray crystallography in chemistry, mineralogy, materials science, physics, biological sciences and X-ray spectroscopy. It also tells how the concept of space lattice developed since ancient times up to the nineteenth century, and how our conception of the nature of light has changed over time. The contributions of the main actors of the story, prior to the discovery, at the time of the discovery and immediately afterwards, are described through their writings and are put into the context of the time, accompanied by brief biographical details. This thoroughly researched account on the multiple faces of a scientific specialty, X-ray crystallography, is aimed both at the scientists, who rarely subject the historical material of past discoveries in their field to particular scrutiny with regard to the historical details and at the historians of science who often lack the required expert knowledge to scrutinize the involved technical content in sufficient depth (M. Eckert - Metascience).

Visual Perception

Author : Nicholas Wade
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1136178309
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (361 download)

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Book Synopsis Visual Perception by : Nicholas Wade

Download or read book Visual Perception written by Nicholas Wade and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-03-05 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does the world appear the same to everyone? Does what we know determine what we see? Why do we see the world as we do? Vision is our most dominant sense. From the light that enters our eyes to the complex cognitive processes that follow, we derive most of our information about what things are, where they are, and how they move from our vision. Visual Perception takes a refreshingly different approach to this enigmatic sense. From the function that vision serves for an active observer, to the history of visual perception itself the third edition has been extensively revised, updated and expanded, while still preserving the essential features of historical context, neurophysiology and independent thought that made the earlier editions so engaging. Covering the perception of location, motion, object recognition and with up-to-date information on the workings of the visual brain, the 3rd edition looks at how our ideas have been shaped, not just by psychology, but by art, optics, biology and philosophy. The emphasis on understanding vision as a basis for action in the real world has also been expanded to cover seeing representations of all sorts, whether they are pictures or computer-generated displays. The 3rd Edition of Visual Perception is a readable, accessible and truly relevant introduction to the world of perception and will be welcomed by students of visual perception as well as anyone with a general interest in the mysteries and wonder of vision.

Visual Perception

Author : Nicholas J. Wade
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1848720432
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (487 download)

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Book Synopsis Visual Perception by : Nicholas J. Wade

Download or read book Visual Perception written by Nicholas J. Wade and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vision is our most dominant sense. From the light that enters our eyes to the complex cognititve provesses that follow, we derive most of our information about what thigns are, where they are and how they move from our vision.

Customised Books in Early Modern Europe and the Americas, 1400–1700

Author : Christopher D. Fletcher
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 900468056X
Total Pages : 817 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Customised Books in Early Modern Europe and the Americas, 1400–1700 by : Christopher D. Fletcher

Download or read book Customised Books in Early Modern Europe and the Americas, 1400–1700 written by Christopher D. Fletcher and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-12-28 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Customised Books in Early Modern Europe and the Americas, 1400‒1700 examines the form, function, and meaning of alterations made by users to the physical structure of their book, through insertion or interpolation, subtraction or deletion, adjustments in the ordering of folios or quires, amendments of image or text. Although our primary interest is in printed books and print series bound like books, we also consider selected manuscripts since meaningful alterations made to incunabula and early printed books often followed the patterns such changes took in late fourteenth- and fifteenth-century codices. Throughout Customised Books the emphasis falls on the hermeneutic functions of the modifications made by makers and users to their manuscripts and books. Contributors: B. Boler Hunter, T. Cummins, A. Dlabačova, K.A.E. Enenkel, C.D. Fletcher, P.F. Gehl, P. Germano Leal, J. Kiliańczyk-Zięba, J. Koguciuk, A. van Leerdam, S. Leitch, S. McKeown, W.S. Melion, K. Michael, S. Midanik, B. Purkaple, J. Rosenholtz-Witt, B.L. Rothstein, M.R. Wade, and G. Warnar.

The Second Physicist

Author : Christa Jungnickel
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319495658
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis The Second Physicist by : Christa Jungnickel

Download or read book The Second Physicist written by Christa Jungnickel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-10 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the rise of theoretical physics in 19th century Germany. The authors show how the junior second physicist in German universities over time became the theoretical physicist, of equal standing to the experimental physicist. Gustav Kirchhoff, Hermann von Helmholtz, and Max Planck are among the great German theoretical physicists whose work and career are examined in this book. Physics was then the only natural science in which theoretical work developed into a major teaching and research specialty in its own right. Readers will discover how German physicists arrived at a well-defined field of theoretical physics with well understood and generally accepted goals and needs. The authors explain the nature of the work of theoretical physics with many examples, taking care always to locate the research within the workplace. The book is a revised and shortened version of Intellectual Mastery of Nature: Theoretical Physics from Ohm to Einstein, a two-volume work by the same authors. This new edition represents a reformulation of the larger work. It retains what is most important in the original work, while including new material, sharpening discussions, and making the research more accessible to readers. It presents a thorough examination of a seminal era in physics.