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Zinc Titanate Sorbents
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Download or read book Zinc Titanate Sorbents written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present invention provides a zinc titanate sorbent material useful in desulfurization applications. The zinc titanate material is in the form of generally spherical particles of substantially uniform chemical distribution. The sorbent material is capable of absorbing sulfur compounds from a gaseous feed in an amount of at least about 15 weight percent based on the weight of the sorbent. The sorbent material is prepared by a process including: (a) forming a zinc oxide/titanium dioxide dry blend, (b) preparing a substantially uniform aqueous slurry comprising the zinc oxide/titanium dioxide dry blend, organic binder, and at least about 1 weight percent inorganic binder based on the solids weight of the slurry, (c) spray drying the slurry to produce substantially spherical particles, and (d) calcining the particles at a temperature of between about 750.degree. C. to about 950.degree. C. The dry blend is formed by mixing between about 0.5 to about 2 parts zinc oxide having a median particle size of less than about 0.5 .mu., and about 1 part titanium dioxide having a median particle size of less than about 1 .mu. The slurry contains substantially no free silica and may be prepared by the process including (1) preparing an aqueous solution of organic binder, (2) adding the dry blend to the aqueous solution of organic binder, and (3) adding the inorganic binder to the solution of organic binder, and blend. Additional reagents, such as a surfactant, may also be incorporated into the sorbent material. The present invention also provides a process for desulfurizing a gaseous stream. The process includes passing a gaseous stream through a reactor containing an attrition resistant zinc titanate sorbent material of the present invention.
Book Synopsis Improving the Properties of Zinc Titanate-based Sorbents for Sulfur Removal by : Jing Yang
Download or read book Improving the Properties of Zinc Titanate-based Sorbents for Sulfur Removal written by Jing Yang and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Composition Modification of Zinc Titanate Sorbents for Hot Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Technical Report, September 1, 1994--November 30, 1994 by :
Download or read book Composition Modification of Zinc Titanate Sorbents for Hot Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Technical Report, September 1, 1994--November 30, 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For new coal gasification systems, zinc titanate sorbents are being developed to remove sulfur from the hot product gas prior to its use in combined cycle turbines and high temperature fuel cells. Although most of the properties of these sorbents are very attractive, there are still concerns about durability over many sulfidation-regeneration cycles and zinc losses due to vaporization. Doping the zinc titanate with other metal ions could alleviate both concerns, which are the objectives of this project. During the first quarter of effort, several sorbent formulations were prepared and testing begun. The dopants presently under study are Ni, Cr, Cu, and Al. Crush strength results obtained to date show that Ni and Cu dopants have a large positive effect, while Cr gives a small improvement. Measurements were also made of sulfur capacity and sulfidation rates with a thermogravimetric analyzer. Of the three formulations, only the one containing Cr had a high sulfur capacity. X-ray measurements will be relied upon heavily to obtain an understanding of solubility effects and sulfidation mechanisms. Screening experiments will continue on the doped sorbents mentioned above next quarter, and Mg will be studied also.
Book Synopsis Attrition Resistant, Zinc Titanate-containing, Reduced Sulfur Sorbents by :
Download or read book Attrition Resistant, Zinc Titanate-containing, Reduced Sulfur Sorbents written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The disclosure is directed to sorbent compositions for removing reduced sulfur species (e.g., H.sub. 2 S, COS and CS.sub. 2) a feed stream. The sorbent is formed from a multi-phase composition including a zinc titanate phase and a zinc oxide-aluminate phase. The sorbent composition is substantially free of unreacted alumina.
Book Synopsis Composition Modification of Zinc Titanate Sorbents for Hot Gas Desulfurization. Technical Report, March 1--May 31, 1995 by :
Download or read book Composition Modification of Zinc Titanate Sorbents for Hot Gas Desulfurization. Technical Report, March 1--May 31, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For new coal gasification systems, zinc titanate sorbents are being developed to remove sulfur from the hot product gas prior to its use in combined cycle turbines and high temperature fuel cells. Although most of the properties of these sorbents are very attractive, there are still concerns about durability over many sulfidation-regeneration cycles and zinc losses due to vaporization. Doping the zinc titanate with other metal ions could alleviate both concerns, which are the objectives of this project. After a screening study was completed, it was decided that Cr offered more promise as a dopant than Ni, Cu, Mg, and Al. Therefore six new sorbent formulations containing Cr were prepared, and they are now being evaluated with a series of bulk density, X-ray diffraction, crush strength and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements. Results to date suggest that, while Zn vaporization losses can be reduced with Cr additions, a penalty in chemical reactivity occurs. A fixed bed test was also completed this quarter on a Cr-containing formulation. The H2S breakthrough time was about 11 hours, and utilization of Zn in the sorbent was 60.5%.
Book Synopsis High Temperature Sulfidation and Reduction of Zinc Titanate and Zinc Oxide Sorbents by : Susan Lew
Download or read book High Temperature Sulfidation and Reduction of Zinc Titanate and Zinc Oxide Sorbents written by Susan Lew and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Composition Modification of Zinc Titanate Sorbents for Hot Gas Desulfurization by :
Download or read book Composition Modification of Zinc Titanate Sorbents for Hot Gas Desulfurization written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Testing of Zinc Titanate Desulfurization Sorbents for Moving-bed Applications by :
Download or read book Testing of Zinc Titanate Desulfurization Sorbents for Moving-bed Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sorbents developed for moving-bed systems must comply with a minimum of chemical and mechanical durability performance characteristics in order to be considered acceptable for long-term operation. Among the desired properties, a sorbent must have: (1) High chemical reactivity, as measured by the rate of sulfur absorption and the total sulfur loading on the sorbent. (2) High mechanical strength, as measured by the pellet crush strength and the attrition resistance; (3) Suitable pellet morphology, as given by pellet size and shape to promote good bulk flow ability and seasonable porosity to increase reactivity. Formulation 2A1.7M (UCI designation L-3787M) was selected by DOE as the baseline formulation for performance evaluation of Option 3 sorbents. This baseline formulation is a rounded zinc titanate sorbent containing a 2:1 Zn:Ti molar ratio, 1.7% molybdenum (equivalent to 2.5% MoO3), and 3% bentonite binder that had been previously tested under the Option 2 program. Zinc titanate sorbents were prepared by UCI as rounded spherical or ellipsoidal pellets. The fabrication procedure is targeted at achieving a balance of mechanical strength (crush strength and attrition resistance) and chemical reactivity by controlling the pellet internal porosity.
Book Synopsis An Attrition-resistant Zinc Titanate Sorbent for Sulfur. Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book An Attrition-resistant Zinc Titanate Sorbent for Sulfur. Final Technical Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the continuing search for good sorbent materials to remove sulfur for hot, coal-derived gases, zinc titanate sorbents have shown great promise. The objective of this project was to extend the work of prior investigators by developing improvements in the compressive strength and, therefore, the cycle life of these sorbents while maintaining good chemical reactivity. Fifteen formulations were prepared and evaluated. The best properties were obtained by blending relatively course (two micron) ZnO and TiO2 powders to obtain a composition of 50%Zn2TiO4-50%TiO2. When sintered at 1000°C, it had a compressive strength of 28 MPa or 147 N/mm, which is four times higher than values obtained by prior investigators. It also performed well in thermogravimetric analysis measurements of reactivity, both in screening tests and in simulated coal gas.
Book Synopsis Sulfidation and Reduction of Zinc Titanate and Zinc Oxide Sorbents for Injection in Gasifier Exit Ducts by :
Download or read book Sulfidation and Reduction of Zinc Titanate and Zinc Oxide Sorbents for Injection in Gasifier Exit Ducts written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sulfidation reaction kinetics of fine particles of zinc titanate and zinc oxide with H[sub 2]S were studied in order to test the potential of the sorbent injection hot-gas desulfurization process. Fine sorbent particles with diameter between 0.3 and 60[mu]m were sulfided with H[sub 2]S and/or reduced with H[sub 2] in a laminar flow reactor over the temperature range of 500-900[degrees]C. Sulfidation/reduction conversion was compared for different particle sizes and sorbents with various porosities and atomic ratios of Zn and Ti. In reduction of ZnO with H[sub 2] and without H[sub 2]S, significant amount of Zn was formed and vaporized, while the presence of H[sub 2]S suppressed elemental Zn formation. This suggests that H[sub 2]S may suppress the surface reduction of ZnO and/or gaseous Zn may react with H[sub 2]S homogeneously and form fine particles of ZnS. Formation and vaporization of elemental Zn from zinc titanate sorbents was slower than from zinc oxide with and without H[sub 2]S.
Book Synopsis An Attrition-resistant Zinc Titanate Sorbent for Sulfur: Technical Report, September 1 Through November 30, 1993 by :
Download or read book An Attrition-resistant Zinc Titanate Sorbent for Sulfur: Technical Report, September 1 Through November 30, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Testing and Technology Transfer for Zinc Titanate Sorbent in a Titania Matrix by :
Download or read book Testing and Technology Transfer for Zinc Titanate Sorbent in a Titania Matrix written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Long Life Moving-Bed Zinc Titanate Sorbent by :
Download or read book Long Life Moving-Bed Zinc Titanate Sorbent written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Attrition-resistant Zinc Titanate Sorbent for Sulfur. [Quarterly] Technical Report, March 1, 1993--May 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book An Attrition-resistant Zinc Titanate Sorbent for Sulfur. [Quarterly] Technical Report, March 1, 1993--May 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the continuing search for good sorbent materials to remove sulfur from hot, coal-derived gases, zinc titanate sorbents have shown great promise. The objective of this project is to extend the work of prior investigators by developing improvements in the compressive strength and, therefore, the cycle life of these sorbents without a significant loss in chemical reactivity. During the third quarter, the preparation and properties of sorbents with a nominal composition of 50% Zn2TiO4 and 50% TiO2 were studied. In differential thermogravimetric tests of reactivity, specimens sintered at 850 and 900°C both gave two identical sulfidation-regeneration cycles. Specimens sintered at lower temperatures showed evidence of degradation during the second cycle. Materials of this composition had lower crush strengths than for the composition 75% Zn2TiO4 -- 25% TiO2 reported earlier, but higher values than reported by other investigators. Future work will include the preparation and properties of a lot of material with a coarser structure and larger pores, and microscopic studies on all three lots of material.
Book Synopsis Composition Modification of Zinc Titanate (Zn2TiO4) Based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization by : Kimberly S. Walton
Download or read book Composition Modification of Zinc Titanate (Zn2TiO4) Based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization written by Kimberly S. Walton and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Attrition-resistant Zinc Titanate Sorbent for Sulfur by :
Download or read book An Attrition-resistant Zinc Titanate Sorbent for Sulfur written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Attrition-resistant Zinc Titanate Sorbent for Sulfur. Technical Report, December 1, 1992--February 28, 1993 by :
Download or read book An Attrition-resistant Zinc Titanate Sorbent for Sulfur. Technical Report, December 1, 1992--February 28, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the continuing search for good sorbent materials to remove sulfur from hot, coal-derived gases, zinc titanate sorbents have shown great promise. The objective of this project is to extend the work of prior investigators to obtain improvements in the compressive strength and, therefore, the cycle life of these sorbents without a significant loss in chemical reactivity. During the second quarter, parametric data were obtained on the percent porosity, crush strength, and chemical reactivity for a sorbent composition of 75% Zn2TiO4 - 25% TiO2. This material was sintered at temperatures ranging from 700 to 1100°C. Although more extensive reactivity tests are still needed, results to date indicate that the best combination of properties is obtained with a sintering temperature of 800 or 850°C. Also planned for the next quarter are evaluations of other sorbent formulations.
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