Women In The Biological Sciences

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Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309132975
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-02 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It's obvious why only men develop prostate cancer and why only women get ovarian cancer. But it is not obvious why women are more likely to recover language ability after a stroke than men or why women are more apt to develop autoimmune diseases such as lupus. Sex differences in health throughout the lifespan have been documented. Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health begins to snap the pieces of the puzzle into place so that this knowledge can be used to improve health for both sexes. From behavior and cognition to metabolism and response to chemicals and infectious organisms, this book explores the health impact of sex (being male or female, according to reproductive organs and chromosomes) and gender (one's sense of self as male or female in society). Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health discusses basic biochemical differences in the cells of males and females and health variability between the sexes from conception throughout life. The book identifies key research needs and opportunities and addresses barriers to research. Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health will be important to health policy makers, basic, applied, and clinical researchers, educators, providers, and journalists-while being very accessible to interested lay readers.

Athena Unbound

Author : Henry Etzkowitz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521787383
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Athena Unbound by : Henry Etzkowitz

Download or read book Athena Unbound written by Henry Etzkowitz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-10-19 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are there so few women scientists? Persisting differences between women's and men's experiences in science make this question as relevant today as it ever was. This book sets out to answer this question, and to propose solutions for the future. Based on extensive research, it emphasizes that science is an intensely social activity. Despite the scientific ethos of universalism and inclusion, scientists and their institutions are not immune to the prejudices of society as a whole. By presenting women's experiences at all key career stages - from childhood to retirement - the authors reveal the hidden barriers, subtle exclusions and unwritten rules of the scientific workplace, and the effects, both professional and personal, that these have on the female scientist. This important book should be read by all scientists - both male and female - and sociologists, as well as women thinking of embarking on a scientific career.

The Politics of Women's Biology

Author : Ruth Hubbard
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780813514901
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (149 download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics of Women's Biology by : Ruth Hubbard

Download or read book The Politics of Women's Biology written by Ruth Hubbard and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work the author explores the social and political assumptions of biology, and genetics in particular. She examines the ways biologists use scientific language, use genetics, and apply it to human situations, especially to women's situations.

Science and Gender

Author : Ruth Bleier
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780807762004
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Gender by : Ruth Bleier

Download or read book Science and Gender written by Ruth Bleier and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bleier (neurophysiology, U. of Wisconsin-Madison) dissects the theme of women's biological inferiority contending that science has been engaged in elaborate mythologizing to explain the subordinate position of women in Western civilizations since Aristotle. Exploring the scientific and ideological b

How Women Got Their Curves and Other Just-so Stories

Author : David P. Barash
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780231146647
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (466 download)

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Book Synopsis How Women Got Their Curves and Other Just-so Stories by : David P. Barash

Download or read book How Women Got Their Curves and Other Just-so Stories written by David P. Barash and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Barash and Lipton discuss the theories scientists have advanced to explain evolutionary enigmas--from how women get their curves to why women menstruate--and present hypotheses of their own.

Inferior

Author : Angela Saini
Publisher : Beacon Press
ISBN 13 : 0807071706
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Inferior by : Angela Saini

Download or read book Inferior written by Angela Saini and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 2017-05-30 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What science has gotten so shamefully wrong about women, and the fight, by both female and male scientists, to rewrite what we thought we knew For hundreds of years it was common sense: women were the inferior sex. Their bodies were weaker, their minds feebler, their role subservient. No less a scientist than Charles Darwin asserted that women were at a lower stage of evolution, and for decades, scientists—most of them male, of course—claimed to find evidence to support this. Whether looking at intelligence or emotion, cognition or behavior, science has continued to tell us that men and women are fundamentally different. Biologists claim that women are better suited to raising families or are, more gently, uniquely empathetic. Men, on the other hand, continue to be described as excelling at tasks that require logic, spatial reasoning, and motor skills. But a huge wave of research is now revealing an alternative version of what we thought we knew. The new woman revealed by this scientific data is as strong, strategic, and smart as anyone else. In Inferior, acclaimed science writer Angela Saini weaves together a fascinating—and sorely necessary—new science of women. As Saini takes readers on a journey to uncover science’s failure to understand women, she finds that we’re still living with the legacy of an establishment that’s just beginning to recover from centuries of entrenched exclusion and prejudice. Sexist assumptions are stubbornly persistent: even in recent years, researchers have insisted that women are choosy and monogamous while men are naturally promiscuous, or that the way men’s and women’s brains are wired confirms long-discredited gender stereotypes. As Saini reveals, however, groundbreaking research is finally rediscovering women’s bodies and minds. Inferior investigates the gender wars in biology, psychology, and anthropology, and delves into cutting-edge scientific studies to uncover a fascinating new portrait of women’s brains, bodies, and role in human evolution.

Sex on the Brain

Author : Deborah Blum
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 9780140263480
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (634 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex on the Brain by : Deborah Blum

Download or read book Sex on the Brain written by Deborah Blum and published by Penguin. This book was released on 1998-07-01 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Go beyond the headlines and the hype to get the newest findings in the burgeoning field of gender studies. Drawing on disciplines that include evolutionary science, anthropology, animal behavior, neuroscience, psychology, and endocrinology, Deborah Blum explores matters ranging from the link between immunology and sex to male/female gossip styles. The results are intriguing, startling, and often very amusing. For instance, did you know that. . . • Male testosterone levels drop in happy marriages; scientists speculate that women may use monogamy to control male behavior • Young female children who are in day-care are apt to be more secure than those kept at home; young male children less so • Anthropologists classify Western societies as "mildly polygamous" The Los Angeles Times has called Sex on the Brain "superbly crafted science writing, graced by unusual compassion, wit, and intelligence, that forms an important addition to the literature of gender studies."

How Economics Shapes Science

Author : Paula Stephan
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674267559
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis How Economics Shapes Science by : Paula Stephan

Download or read book How Economics Shapes Science written by Paula Stephan and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-07 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The beauty of science may be pure and eternal, but the practice of science costs money. And scientists, being human, respond to incentives and costs, in money and glory. Choosing a research topic, deciding what papers to write and where to publish them, sticking with a familiar area or going into something new—the payoff may be tenure or a job at a highly ranked university or a prestigious award or a bump in salary. The risk may be not getting any of that. At a time when science is seen as an engine of economic growth, Paula Stephan brings a keen understanding of the ongoing cost-benefit calculations made by individuals and institutions as they compete for resources and reputation. She shows how universities offload risks by increasing the percentage of non-tenure-track faculty, requiring tenured faculty to pay salaries from outside grants, and staffing labs with foreign workers on temporary visas. With funding tight, investigators pursue safe projects rather than less fundable ones with uncertain but potentially path-breaking outcomes. Career prospects in science are increasingly dismal for the young because of ever-lengthening apprenticeships, scarcity of permanent academic positions, and the difficulty of getting funded. Vivid, thorough, and bold, How Economics Shapes Science highlights the growing gap between the haves and have-nots—especially the vast imbalance between the biomedical sciences and physics/engineering—and offers a persuasive vision of a more productive, more creative research system that would lead and benefit the world.

Biology at Work

Author : Kingsley R. Browne
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813542472
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Biology at Work by : Kingsley R. Browne

Download or read book Biology at Work written by Kingsley R. Browne and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2002-06-06 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does biology help explain why women, on average, earn less money than men? Is there any evolutionary basis for the scarcity of female CEOs in Fortune 500 companies? According to Kingsley Browne, the answer may be yes. Biology at Work brings an evolutionary perspective to bear on issues of women in the workplace: the "glass ceiling," the "gender gap" in pay, sexual harassment, and occupational segregation. While acknowledging the role of discrimination and sexist socialization, Browne suggests that until we factor real biological differences between men and women into the equation, the explanation remains incomplete. Browne looks at behavioral differences between men and women as products of different evolutionary pressures facing them throughout human history. Womens biological investment in their offspring has led them to be on average more nurturing and risk averse, and to value relationships over competition. Men have been biologically rewarded, over human history, for displays of strength and skill, risk taking, and status acquisition. These behavioral differences have numerous workplace consequences. Not surprisingly, sex differences in the drive for status lead to sex differences in the achievement of status. Browne argues that decision makers should recognize that policies based on the assumption of a single androgynous human nature are unlikely to be successful. Simply removing barriers to inequality will not achieve equality, as women and men typically value different things in the workplace and will make different workplace choices based on their different preferences. Rather than simply putting forward the "nature" side of the debate, Browne suggests that dichotomies such as nature/nurture have impeded our understanding of the origins of human behavior. Through evolutionary biology we can understand not only how natural selection has created predispositions toward certain types of behavior but also how the social environment interacts with these predispositions to produce observed behavioral patterns.

Women in Biotechnology

Author : Francesca Molfino
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402086113
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Women in Biotechnology by : Francesca Molfino

Download or read book Women in Biotechnology written by Francesca Molfino and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-05 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Johannes Klumpers Biotechnologies, such as genetic engineering, cloning and biodiversity, raise many legal and ethical concerns, so it is important that people understand these issues and feel able to express their opinions. This is why the European Commission has been, for a number of years, supporting actions to improve communication among scientists in these diverse areas. The project ‘Women in Biotechnology’ (WONBIT), financed under the 6th Framework programme of the European Commission, is an excellent example of what can be done to target opinion-formers such as scientists, economists and lawyers in bottom-up activities, and to encourage a debate on gender issues triggered by developments in the life sciences. WONBIT gave rise to a successful international conference highlighting the importance of adopting good practices and ethical considerations in parallel with the rapid pace of progress in biotechnology – from a woman’s point of view. In particular, the conference addressed women in decision-making positions in b- technology with specific reference to scientific excellence, social competencies and management qualities as well as issues relating to environment, society and the younger generation. But it did not stop there: a key part of the conference was dedicated to stimulating public debate among non-specialists, which has led to a number of recommen- tions to policy-makers on better communication in biotechnology, on taking better account of the gender aspects of research, and on involving more women in the decision-making process that surrounds developments in biotechnology.

The Female in Aristotle's Biology

Author : Robert Mayhew
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226512029
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)

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Book Synopsis The Female in Aristotle's Biology by : Robert Mayhew

Download or read book The Female in Aristotle's Biology written by Robert Mayhew and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-11-15 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While Aristotle's writings on biology are considered to be among his best, the comments he makes about females in these works are widely regarded as the nadir of his philosophical oeuvre. Among many claims, Aristotle is said to have declared that females contribute nothing substantial to generation; that they have fewer teeth than males; that they are less spirited than males; and that woman are analogous to eunuchs. In The Female in Aristotle's Biology, Robert Mayhew aims not to defend Aristotle's ideas about females but to defend Aristotle against the common charge that his writings on female species were motivated by ideological bias. Mayhew points out that the tools of modern science and scientific experimentation were not available to the Greeks during Aristotle's time and that, consequently, Aristotle had relied not only on empirical observations when writing about living organisms but also on a fair amount of speculation. Further, he argues that Aristotle's remarks about females in his biological writings did not tend to promote the inferior status of ancient Greek women. Written with passion and precision, The Female in Aristotle's Biology will be of enormous value to students of philosophy, the history of science, and classical literature.

Every Other Thursday

Author : Ellen Daniell
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300133790
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Every Other Thursday by : Ellen Daniell

Download or read book Every Other Thursday written by Ellen Daniell and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book tells the story of a professional problem-solving group that for more than 25 years has empowered its members by providing practical and emotional support. The objective of "Group," as Ellen Daniell and six other members call their bimonthly gatherings, is cooperation in a competitive world. And the objective of "Every Other Thursday" is to encourage those who feel isolated or stressed in a work or academic setting to consider the benefits of such a group--a group in which everyone is on your side.Each of the high-achieving individuals in Group (including members of the National Academy of Sciences, a senior scientist at a prestigious research institute, and university professors and administrators) has found the support of the others to be an essential part of her own success. Daniell provides detailed examples of how members help one another navigate career setbacks or other difficulties. She shows that group support, discussion, and application of common experience bring to light practical solutions and broader perspectives. In an inspirational conclusion, the author offers advice and practical guidelines for those who would like to establish a group of their own.

Opening Doors

Author : Laura L. Mays Hoopes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780359413966
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Opening Doors by : Laura L. Mays Hoopes

Download or read book Opening Doors written by Laura L. Mays Hoopes and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A dual biography of Joan Steitz and Jennifer Doudna, two women who combined successful home lives with successful careers in science.

Gender Differences in the Careers of Academic Scientists and Engineers

Author : Jerome Thomas Bentley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Gender Differences in the Careers of Academic Scientists and Engineers by : Jerome Thomas Bentley

Download or read book Gender Differences in the Careers of Academic Scientists and Engineers written by Jerome Thomas Bentley and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Sex/gender

Author : Anne Fausto-Sterling
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0415881455
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (158 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex/gender by : Anne Fausto-Sterling

Download or read book Sex/gender written by Anne Fausto-Sterling and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anne Fausto-Sterling's Sex/Gender is the only interdisciplinary book for undergraduate courses to explain sex and gender from a biological, social, and cultural perspective.

Has Feminism Changed Science?

Author : Londa L. Schiebinger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Has Feminism Changed Science? by : Londa L. Schiebinger

Download or read book Has Feminism Changed Science? written by Londa L. Schiebinger and published by . This book was released on 1999-05-28 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do women do science differently? This is a history of women in science and a frank assessment of the role of gender in shaping scientific knowledge. Londa Schiebinger looks at how women have fared and performed in both instances.

Beyond Bias and Barriers

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309133653
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Bias and Barriers by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Beyond Bias and Barriers written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-05-04 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States economy relies on the productivity, entrepreneurship, and creativity of its people. To maintain its scientific and engineering leadership amid increasing economic and educational globalization, the United States must aggressively pursue the innovative capacity of all its people—women and men. However, women face barriers to success in every field of science and engineering; obstacles that deprive the country of an important source of talent. Without a transformation of academic institutions to tackle such barriers, the future vitality of the U.S. research base and economy are in jeopardy. Beyond Bias and Barriers explains that eliminating gender bias in academia requires immediate overarching reform, including decisive action by university administrators, professional societies, federal funding agencies and foundations, government agencies, and Congress. If implemented and coordinated across public, private, and government sectors, the recommended actions will help to improve workplace environments for all employees while strengthening the foundations of America's competitiveness.