How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease

Download How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 728 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General

Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.

Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Download Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by :

Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012

Download Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN 13 : 9289326719
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (893 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012 by : Nordic Council of Ministers

Download or read book Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012 written by Nordic Council of Ministers and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2014-03-06 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nordic countries have collaborated in setting guidelines for dietary composition and recommended intakes of nutrients for several decades through the joint publication of the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR). This 5th edition, the NNR 2012, gives Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) for nutrients, and compared with earlier editions more emphasis has been put on evaluating the scientific evidence for the role of food and food patterns contributing to the prevention of the major diet-related chronic diseases. Recommendations on physical activity are included and interaction with physical activity has been taken into account for the individual nutrient recommendations wherever appropriate. A chapter on sustainable food consumption has been added. A Nordic perspective has been accounted for in setting the reference values.The NNR 2012 has used an evidence-based and transparent approach in assessing associations between nutrients and foods and certain health outcomes. Systematic reviews form the basis for the recommendations of several nutrients and topics, while a less stringent update has been done for others. The systematic reviews and individual chapters have been peer reviewed and the systematic reviews are published in the Food & Nutrition Research journal. The draft chapters were subject to an open public consultation. Recommendations have been changed only when sufficient scientific evidence has evolved since the 4th edition. The primary aim of the NNR 2012 is to present the scientific background of the recommendations and their application. A secondary aim is for the NNR 2012 to function as a basis for the national recommendations that are adopted by the individual

Alternative Respiratory Pathways in Higher Plants

Download Alternative Respiratory Pathways in Higher Plants PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118790464
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (187 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Alternative Respiratory Pathways in Higher Plants by : Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta

Download or read book Alternative Respiratory Pathways in Higher Plants written by Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid developments in molecular and systems biology techniques have allowed researchers to unravel many new mechanisms through which plant cells switch over to alternative respiratory pathways. This book is a unique compendium of how and why higher plants evolved alternative respiratory metabolism. It offers a comprehensive review of current research in the biochemistry, physiology, classification and regulation of plant alternative respiratory pathways, from alternative oxidase diversity to functional marker development. The resource provides a broad range of perspectives on the applications of plant respiratory physiology, and suggests brand new areas of research. Other key features: written by an international team of reputed plant physiologists, known for their pioneering contributions to the knowledge of regular and alternative respiratory metabolism in higher plants includes step-by-step protocols for key molecular and imaging techniques advises on regulatory options for managing crop yields, food quality and environment for crop improvement and enhanced food security covers special pathways which are of key relevance in agriculture, particularly in plant post-harvest commodities Primarily for plant physiologists and plant biologists, this authoritative compendium will also be of great value to postdoctoral researchers working on plant respiration, as well as to graduate and postgraduate students and university staff in Plant Science. It is a useful resource for corporate and private firms involved in developing functional markers for breeding programs and controlling respiration for the prevention of post-harvest losses in fruit, vegetables, cut flowers and tubers.

Fundamentals of Medical Physiology

Download Fundamentals of Medical Physiology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Thieme
ISBN 13 : 1604062754
Total Pages : 1676 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (4 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Medical Physiology by : Joel Michael

Download or read book Fundamentals of Medical Physiology written by Joel Michael and published by Thieme. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 1676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Medical Physiology provides a concise, in-depth introduction by organ system to the principles of body function and uses emphasis on general models and clinical cases to foster mastery of these principles.Special features include: An emphasis on general models that underlie a number of recurring physiologic mechanisms -- for example, flow of substances and the factors that affect flow or energy formation and transformation -- to strengthen understanding Use of clinical cases -- developed, refined, and tested in the classroom over the past decade -- to test mastery of physiologic concepts Section-opening Patient Cases conclude with Some Things to Think About to help direct your study of the physiologic mechanisms of that organ system Chapter Questions ask you to apply what you have learned in that chapter to building an understanding of the case Answers to chapter questions allow you to check your understanding and direct further review A comprehensive Case Analysis with cause-and-effect diagrams reviews in detail the physiology behind the case Access via scratch-off code to all the cases in your book -- plus additional clinical cases -- with questions and answers and case analysis to enable convenient online review and testing Specifically, designed for the first- and second-year medical student, this innovative text -- ideal as a study aid for the USMLE -- provides the tools needed to learn and apply physiology to medical practice.

Molecular Epidemiology

Download Molecular Epidemiology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323138578
Total Pages : 609 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Molecular Epidemiology by : Paul A. Schulte

Download or read book Molecular Epidemiology written by Paul A. Schulte and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will serve as a primer for both laboratory and field scientists who are shaping the emerging field of molecular epidemiology. Molecular epidemiology utilizes the same paradigm as traditional epidemiology but uses biological markers to identify exposure, disease or susceptibility. Schulte and Perera present the epidemiologic methods pertinent to biological markers. The book is also designed to enumerate the considerations necessary for valid field research and provide a resource on the salient and subtle features of biological indicators.

Earth's Climate Response to a Changing Sun

Download Earth's Climate Response to a Changing Sun PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9782759818495
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (184 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Earth's Climate Response to a Changing Sun by : Katja Matthes

Download or read book Earth's Climate Response to a Changing Sun written by Katja Matthes and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For centuries, scientists have been fascinated by the role of the Sun in the Earth's climate system. Recent discoveries, outlined in this book, have gradually unveiled a complex picture, in which our variable Sun affects the climate variability via a number of subtle pathways, the implications of which are only now becoming clear. This handbook provides the scientifically curious, from undergraduate students to policy makers with a complete and accessible panorama of our present understanding of the Sun-climate connection. 61 experts from different communities have contributed to it, which reflects the highly multidisciplinary nature of this topic. The handbook is organised as a mosaic of short chapters, each of which addresses a specific aspect, and can be read independently. The reader will learn about the assumptions, the data, the models, and the unknowns behind each mechanism by which solar variability may impact climate variability. None of these mechanisms can adequately explain global warming observed since the 1950s. However, several of them do impact climate variability, in particular on a regional level. This handbook aims at addressing these issues in a factual way, and thereby challenge the reader to sharpen his/her critical thinking in a debate that is frequently distorted by unfounded claims.

Seeds

Download Seeds PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1461517478
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Seeds by : J. Bewley

Download or read book Seeds written by J. Bewley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of our monograph on seed physiology and biochemistry (The Physiology and Biochemistry of Seeds in Relation to Germination, Sprin ger-Verlag, 1978, 1982), it has been suggested to us that a text covering the same subject area would be appropriate. This book is our response. Unlike the previous volumes, however, this text is not intended to be either a critical or a comprehensive account. Instead it is a more generalized consideration of the essential aspects of seed physiology and biochemistry as we see them. It also includes a substantial amount of new and different material. In a work of this sort it is inevitable that some simplifications must be made, but we hope, never theless, that we have presented the most reasonable conspectus of areas of con troversy and uncertainty. In this respect, literature citations have been kept to a minimum and do not interrupt the text; they are placed at the end of each chapter and are intended to be used as a source for further references. We hope that this book will be of value to students and teachers in uni versities, colleges, and other institutes of higher learning whose courses include plant biology. Although it is particularly appropriate for studies of seed biol ogy, it should also find broader applications in general plant physiology, agri culture, and horticulture.

The Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms

Download The Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms by :

Download or read book The Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Plant Physiological Aspects of Phenolic Compounds

Download Plant Physiological Aspects of Phenolic Compounds PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789840333
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (898 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Plant Physiological Aspects of Phenolic Compounds by : Marcos Soto-Hernández

Download or read book Plant Physiological Aspects of Phenolic Compounds written by Marcos Soto-Hernández and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-09-04 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phenolic compounds are considered secondary metabolites within the physiology of a plant. They have different functions, such as pollination systems, sun protection, protection against pathogens and diseases, etc.Research on these compounds has increased due to the number of molecules they can include and the different biological activities they demonstrate. It is important to know the methods of extracting molecules, the biosynthesis routes, and their relationship with activities that can benefit from their consumption. Therefore, the book includes chapters that provide information on extraction and optimization techniques, biosynthetic pathways, and the identification and characterization of miRNAs involved in the regulation of their biosynthesis.

Redesigning Rice Photosynthesis to Increase Yield

Download Redesigning Rice Photosynthesis to Increase Yield PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Int. Rice Res. Inst.
ISBN 13 : 9712201465
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (122 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Redesigning Rice Photosynthesis to Increase Yield by : J. E. Sheehy

Download or read book Redesigning Rice Photosynthesis to Increase Yield written by J. E. Sheehy and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 2000 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mammals and Birds as Bioindicators of Trace Element Contaminations in Terrestrial Environments

Download Mammals and Birds as Bioindicators of Trace Element Contaminations in Terrestrial Environments PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030001210
Total Pages : 707 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mammals and Birds as Bioindicators of Trace Element Contaminations in Terrestrial Environments by : Elżbieta Kalisińska

Download or read book Mammals and Birds as Bioindicators of Trace Element Contaminations in Terrestrial Environments written by Elżbieta Kalisińska and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 707 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The population explosion that began in the 1960s has been accompanied by a decrease in the quality of the natural environment, e.g. pollution of the air, water and soil with essential and toxic trace elements. Numerous poisonings of people and animals with highly toxic anthropogenic Hg and Cd in the 20th century prompted the creation of the abiotic environment, mainly in developed countries. However, the system is insufficient for long-term exposure to low concentrations of various substances that are mainly ingested through food and water. This problem could be addressed by the monitoring of sentinels – organisms that accumulate trace elements and as such reflect the rate and degree of environmental pollution. Usually these are long-lived vertebrates – herbivorous, omnivorous and carnivorous birds and mammals, especially game species. This book describes the responses of the sentinels most commonly used in ecotoxicological studies to 17 trace elements.

Acid Precipitation

Download Acid Precipitation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Acid Precipitation by :

Download or read book Acid Precipitation written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Wine and Society

Download Wine and Society PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0750666358
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (56 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Wine and Society by : Stephen Charters

Download or read book Wine and Society written by Stephen Charters and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Wine and Society: The social and cultural context of a drink examines the cultural forces which have shaped both how wine is made and the way in which it is consumed. It's divided into four parts and illustrated by case studies from around the world."--BOOK JACKET.

Essential Immunology

Download Essential Immunology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (42 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Essential Immunology by : Ivan Maurice Roitt

Download or read book Essential Immunology written by Ivan Maurice Roitt and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook of Meat Processing

Download Handbook of Meat Processing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0813821827
Total Pages : 582 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (138 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Handbook of Meat Processing by : Fidel Toldrá

Download or read book Handbook of Meat Processing written by Fidel Toldrá and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-20 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook comprehensively presents the current status of the manufacturing of the most important meat products. Editor and renowned meat expert Fidel Toldrá heads an international collection of meat scientists who have contributed to this essential reference book. Coverage is divided into three parts. Part one, Technologies, begins with discussions on meat chemistry, biochemistry and quality and then provides background information on main technologies involved in the processing of meat, such as freezing, cooking, smoking, fermentation, emulsification, drying and curing. Also included are key chapters on packaging, spoilage prevention and plant cleaning and sanitation. Part two, Products, is focused on the description of the manufacture of the most important products, including cooked and dry-cured hams, cooked and fermented sausages, bacon, canned meat, paté, restructured meats and functional meat products. Each chapter addresses raw materials, ingredients and additives, processing technology, main types of products, production data, particular characteristics and sensory aspects, and future trends. Part three, Controls, offers current approaches for the control of the quality and safety of manufactured meat products, with coverage including sensory evaluation; chemical and biological hazards including GMOs; HACCP; and quality assurance. This book is an invaluable resource for all meat scientists, meat processors, R&D professionals and product developers. Key features: Unparalleled international expertise of editor and contributing authors Addresses the state of the art of manufacturing the most important meat products Special focus on approaches to control the safety and quality of processed meats Extensive coverage of production technologies, sanitation, packaging and sensory evaluation

Industrial Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

Download Industrial Pharmaceutical Biotechnology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Wiley-VCH
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Industrial Pharmaceutical Biotechnology by : Heinrich Klefenz

Download or read book Industrial Pharmaceutical Biotechnology written by Heinrich Klefenz and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2002-04-22 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on pharmaceutical biotechnology as a key area of life sciences. The complete range of concepts, processes and technologies of biotechnology is applied in modern industrial pharmaceutical research, development and production. The results of genome sequencing and studies of biological-genetic function are combined with chemical, micro-electronic and microsystem technology to produce medical devices and diagnostic biochips. A multitude of biologically active molecules is expanded by additional novel structures created with newly arranged gene clusters and bio-catalytic chemical processes. New organisational structures in the co-operation of institutes, companies and networks enable faster knowledge and product development and immediate application of the results of research and process development. This book is the ideal source of information for scientists and engineers in research and development, for decision-makers in biotech, pharma and chemical corporations, as well as for research institutes, but also for founders of biotech companies and people working for venture capital corporations.