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Wind Field Modeling And Hurricane Hazard Analysis
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Book Synopsis Wind Field Modeling and Hurricane Hazard Analysis by : David V. Rosowsky
Download or read book Wind Field Modeling and Hurricane Hazard Analysis written by David V. Rosowsky and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Hurricanes are one of the greatest natural hazards facing the United States. In recent years, windstorm catastrophes have caused enormous economic losses and placed tremendous burdens on the insurance industry. Despite significant improvements in predicting, tracking and warning the public about hurricanes, there has been relatively little progress in our ability to estimate hurricane losses. This research was conducted to evaluate the hurricane risks in the southeastern United States and provide better guidance to insurers, emergency managers, and the public. Specifically, a GIS-based hurricane hazard assessment was conducted to provide information about expected wind conditions and associated damage to residential structures"--Page [i].
Book Synopsis Wind Hazard Analysis in Hurricane-prone Regions by : Hon Chuen Joe Lai
Download or read book Wind Hazard Analysis in Hurricane-prone Regions written by Hon Chuen Joe Lai and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Turbulence and Mesoscale Meteorology by : Evgeni Fedorovich
Download or read book Atmospheric Turbulence and Mesoscale Meteorology written by Evgeni Fedorovich and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-10-21 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading researchers come together in this 2004 text to survey recent developments in atmospheric turbulence and mesoscale meteorology.
Book Synopsis Analysis and Synthesis of Hurricane Wind Patterns Over Lake Okeechobee, Florida by : Robert W. Schloemer
Download or read book Analysis and Synthesis of Hurricane Wind Patterns Over Lake Okeechobee, Florida written by Robert W. Schloemer and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Assessment of Storm Surge Modeling by :
Download or read book An Assessment of Storm Surge Modeling written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tropical Cyclone Wind Hazard Assessment for Southeast Part of Coastal Region of China by : Sihan LI
Download or read book Tropical Cyclone Wind Hazard Assessment for Southeast Part of Coastal Region of China written by Sihan LI and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical cyclone (TC) or typhoon wind hazard and risk are significant for China. The return period value of the maximum typhoon wind speed is used to characterize the typhoon wind hazard and assign wind load in building design code. Since the historical surface observations of typhoon wind speed are often scarce and of short period, the typhoon wind hazard assessment is often carried out using the wind field model and TC track model. For a few major cities in the coastal region of mainland China, simple or approximated wind field models and a circular subregion method (CSM) have been used to assess the typhoon wind hazard in different studies. However, there are differences among the values given by these studies and by the Chinese building design code. Moreover, there is a lack of a TC full track model simulating the TC from genesis to lysis developed for China. A TC full track model and a planetary wind field model (PBL) have been applied to assess the hurricane wind hazard for the U.S. and used to update the U.S. design code. This study finds this PBL wind field model is approximated and the effect of such approximation on the estimated hurricane wind hazards needs to be investigated. By using the best track dataset given by HURDAT, the TC full track model and a simplified version are developed for the U.S. The performance of the simplified TC full track model is verified and found to be comparable with the full version. For assessing the typhoon wind hazard for China, the best track dataset released from China Meteorological Administration (CMA) is used. The PBL wind field model is used with the CSM to assess a few coastal cities of mainland China. The practice is extended to cover the whole region of the southeast part of mainland China to develop the contour maps of the typhoon wind hazards. By using the CMA best track dataset, a full track model is developed for the western North Pacific basin. This full track model is combined again with the PBL wind field model to assess the typhoon wind hazard for mainland China. The results obtained by using the full track model are compared to those estimated by using CSM, by using long term ground observations and tabulated in the Chinese building code.
Book Synopsis Probabilistic Hazard Analysis of Extreme Environmental Conditions for Offshore Wind Turbines by : Vahid Valamanesh
Download or read book Probabilistic Hazard Analysis of Extreme Environmental Conditions for Offshore Wind Turbines written by Vahid Valamanesh and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of renewable energy sources is a critical global need, and offshore wind energy is a particularly promising source. The Atlantic coast and Gulf of Mexico of the US, with large wind resources and proximity to major population centers, are natural places for such development, but so far the US still does not have a single utility-scale offshore wind turbine (OWT) in its waters. Europe, in contrast, installed its first OWT more than 30 years ago and currently has several gigawatts of installed capacity. Although experience in Europe provides important insight for the US, the presence of hurricane risk in the US means that new methods must be developed for assessing financial risk and designing/certifying OWTs for the hurricane-prone US coastal environment. This study presents research results and plans to advance understanding of the hurricane risk posed to OWTs. The dissertation herein addresses two overarching themes. The first theme is structural modeling of OWTs. While performance-based structural modeling of infrastructure subjected to natural hazards is a well-established field, modeling of OWTs presents some interesting challenges since an OWT can be considered as both a machine and a structure. In particular, the structural characteristics of an OWT vary significantly depending on the operational condition of the turbine. One of these characteristics, aerodynamic damping, is examined in detail in this work, and a closed-form equation for estimating the magnitude of aerodynamic damping for use in structural analysis software is proposed. The second theme is probabilistic characterization of hurricane-induced offshore hazard relevant to design and risk evaluations of OWTs. The offshore environment is a fascinating example of a multi-hazard situation where the hazards of extreme hurricane-induced wind, wave height, and wave period (among other hazards) are correlated to varying degrees. In this dissertation, the estimation of multi-hazard conditions relevant to OWTs is investigated and two approaches, one based on a jointly distributed model of multiple offshore hazards and another, simpler approach, based on independent distributions of multiple offshore hazards, are proposed to combine offshore hazards more realistically at recurrence periods relevant to design and risk assessment. As part of this second theme, probabilistic equations are statistically formulated for predicting wind speed and wave height during hurricanes. The equations are termed wind and wave prediction equations (WWPEs) and are analogous to ground motion prediction equations in probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. The equations are based on a statistical comparison between wind and wave measurements near the US Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines during hurricanes and two parametric models: Holland's model to estimate hurricane winds and Young's model to estimate hurricane waves.
Book Synopsis Impact of Hurricanes on Structures by : Vijay Kumar Mishra
Download or read book Impact of Hurricanes on Structures written by Vijay Kumar Mishra and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The magnitude of damage caused to the United States (US) coast due to hurricanes has increased significantly in the last decade. During the period 2004-2005, the US experienced seven of the costliest hurricanes in the country's history (NWS TPC-5, 2007) leading to an estimated loss of ~ $158 billion. The present method for predicting hurricane losses, HAZUS (HAZard US), is solely based on hurricane hazard and damage caused to building envelopes only and not to structural systems (Vickery et al., 2006). This method does not take into account an intermediate step that allows for better damage estimates, which is structural response to the hazards that in turn can be mapped to the damage. The focus of this study was to quantify the uncertainty in response of structures to the hurricane hazards associated with hurricanes from performance based engineering perspective. The study enumerates hazards associated with hurricanes events. The hazards considered can be quantified using a variety of measures, such as wind speed intensities, wave and surge heights. These hazards are quantified in terms of structural loads and are then applied to a structural system. Following that, structural analysis was performed to estimate the response from the structural system for given loads. All the possible responses are measured and they are fitted with suitable probability distribution to estimate the probability of a response. The response measured then can be used to understand the performance of a given structure under the various hurricane loads. Dynamic vs. static analysis was performed and results were compared. This will answer a few questions like, if there is any need to do both static and dynamic analysis and how hurricane loads affect the structural material models. This being an exploratory study, available resources, research, and models were used. For generation of annual or extreme values of hazard, various available wind speed, storm surge, and wave height models were studied and evaluated. The wind field model by Batts et al. (1980) was selected for generation of annual wind speed data. For calculation of maximum storm surge height, the Sea, Lake Overland Surges from Hurricane (SLOSH, Jelesnianski et al., 1992) program was used. Wave data was acquired from a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) database. The (extreme or annual) wind speed, surge height, and wave height generated were then fitted by suitable probability distributions to find the realizations of hazards and their probabilities. The distribution properties were calculated, correlations between the data were established, and a joint probability distribution function (PDF) of the parameters (wind speed, wave height, and storm surge) was generated. Once the joint distribution of extreme loads was established, the next step was to measure the dynamic response of the structural system to these hazards. To measure the structural response, a finite element model of three-story concrete frame were constructed. Time histories of wind load were generated from wind net pressure coefficients recorded in a wind tunnel test (Main and Fritz, 2006). Wave load time histories were generated using laboratory basin test (Hawke's et al., 1993) wave height time history data and were converted into wave loads using Bernoulli's equation. Surge height was treated as a hydrostatic load in this analysis. These load time histories were then applied to the finite element model and response was measured. Response of the structural system was measured in terms of the mean and maximum displacements recorded at specific nodes of model. Response was calculated for loads having constant mean wind speed and surge/wave and different time histories. The dominant frequency in the wind load time histories was closer to the natural frequency of the structural model used than the dominant frequency in the wave height time histories. Trends in the response for various combinations of mean wind speed, wave height, and surge heights were analyzed. It was observed that responses are amplified with increase in the mean wind speed. Less response was measured for change in mean surge/wave height as the tributary area for wave forces was less compared to wind force. No increase in dynamic amplification factor was observed for increase in force time histories case.
Book Synopsis Risk Analysis of Natural Hazards by : Paolo Gardoni
Download or read book Risk Analysis of Natural Hazards written by Paolo Gardoni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-17 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume investigates the interdisciplinary and cross-cutting challenges in the risk analysis of natural hazards. It brings together leading minds in engineering, science, philosophy, law, and the social sciences. Parts I and II of this volume explore risk assessment, first by providing an overview of the interdisciplinary interactions involved in the assessment of natural hazards, and then by exploring the particular impacts of climate change on natural hazard assessment. Part III discusses the theoretical frameworks for the evaluation of natural hazards. Finally, Parts IV and V address the risk management of natural hazards, providing first an overview of the interdisciplinary interactions underlying natural hazard management, and then exploring decision frameworks that can help decision makers integrate and respond to the complex relationships among natural events, the built environment, and human behavior.
Book Synopsis Hurricane Risk by : Jennifer M. Collins
Download or read book Hurricane Risk written by Jennifer M. Collins and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details the outcomes of new research focusing on climate risk related to hurricanes. Topics include numerical simulation of tropical cyclones, through tropical cyclone hazard estimation to damage estimates and their implications for commercial risk. Inspired by the 6th International Summit on Hurricanes and Climate Change: From Hazard to Impact, this book brings together leading international academics and researchers, and provides a source reference for both risk managers and climate scientists for research on the interface between tropical cyclones, climate and risk.
Book Synopsis Hydro-Environmental Analysis by : James L. Martin
Download or read book Hydro-Environmental Analysis written by James L. Martin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-12-04 with total page 5742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on fundamental principles, Hydro-Environmental Analysis: Freshwater Environments presents in-depth information about freshwater environments and how they are influenced by regulation. It provides a holistic approach, exploring the factors that impact water quality and quantity, and the regulations, policy and management methods that are necessary to maintain this vital resource. It offers a historical viewpoint as well as an overview and foundation of the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics affecting the management of freshwater environments. The book concentrates on broad and general concepts, providing an interdisciplinary foundation. The author covers the methods of measurement and classification; chemical, physical, and biological characteristics; indicators of ecological health; and management and restoration. He also considers common indicators of environmental health; characteristics and operations of regulatory control structures; applicable laws and regulations; and restoration methods. The text delves into rivers and streams in the first half and lakes and reservoirs in the second half. Each section centers on the characteristics of those systems and methods of classification, and then moves on to discuss the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of each. In the section on lakes and reservoirs, it examines the characteristics and operations of regulatory structures, and presents the methods commonly used to assess the environmental health or integrity of these water bodies. It also introduces considerations for restoration, and presents two unique aquatic environments: wetlands and reservoir tailwaters. Written from an engineering perspective, the book is an ideal introduction to the aquatic and limnological sciences for students of environmental science, as well as students of environmental engineering. It also serves as a reference for engineers and scientists involved in the management, regulation, or restoration of freshwater environments.
Book Synopsis Optimal Strategies for Disaster and Hazard Mitigation by : Stuart Reid
Download or read book Optimal Strategies for Disaster and Hazard Mitigation written by Stuart Reid and published by Sydney University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IFED is sponsored and organized by the Five-University Consortium on Uncertainty, Risk and Decision Making in Engineering. Forums are held every 12-18 months, to provide an opportunity to share exciting developments, and to stimulate new initiatives in engineering decision making and risk analysis for engineering systems.
Book Synopsis Risk Assessment and Optimal Response Strategies for Resilience of Electric Power Infrastructure to Extreme Weather by : Hao-Yu Derek Chang
Download or read book Risk Assessment and Optimal Response Strategies for Resilience of Electric Power Infrastructure to Extreme Weather written by Hao-Yu Derek Chang and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Firstly, we formulate an asymmetric hurricane wind field model that is applicable to forecasting and large-scale ensemble simulation. The hurricane wind field model incorporates low-wavenumber asymmetries, and its parameters are estimated using a Constrained Nonlinear Least Squares problem. Inclusion of asymmetries in the model improves the accuracy of wind risk assessment in the hurricane eye wall, where wind velocities are maximized.
Book Synopsis Computational Hurricane Hazard Analysis by : Christopher Michael Vanek
Download or read book Computational Hurricane Hazard Analysis written by Christopher Michael Vanek and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Widespread structural damage to critical facilities such as levees, buildings, dams and bridges during hurricanes has exemplified the need to consider multiple hazards associated with hurricanes as well as the potential for unacceptable levels of performance even if failure is not observed. These inadequate standards warrant the use of more accurate methods to describe the anticipated structural response, and damage for extreme events often termed performance based engineering (PBE). Therefore PBE was extended into the field of hurricane engineering in this study. Application of performance-based principles involves collection of the numerous hazards data from sources such as historical records, laboratory experiments or stochastic simulations. However, the hazards associated with a hurricane typically include spatial and temporal variation therefore, more detailed collection of data from each hazard of this loading spectrum is required. At the same time, computational power and computer-aided design have advanced and potentially allows for collection of the structure-specific hazard data. This novel technique, known as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), was applied to the wind and wave hazards associated with hurricanes to accurately quantify the spectrum of dynamic loads in this study. Numerical simulation results are presented on verification of this technique with laboratory experimental studies and further application to a typical Florida building and bridge prototype. Both the time and frequency domain content of random process signals were analyzed and compared through basic properties including the spectral density, autocorrelation, and mean. Following quantification of the dynamic loads on each structure, a detailed structural FEM was constructed of each structure and response curves were created for various levels of hurricane categories. Results show that both the time and frequency content of the dynamic signal could be accurately captured through CFD simulations in a much more cost effective manner than laboratory experimentation. Structural FEM models showed the poor performance of two coastal structures designed using deterministic principles, as serviceability and strength limit states were exceeded. Additionally, the response curves created for the prototype structure could be further developed for multiple wind directions and wave periods. Thus CFD is a viable option to wind and wave laboratory studies and a key tool for the development of PBE in the field of hurricane engineering.
Book Synopsis Studies on Hazard Characterization for Performance-based Structural Design by : Yue Wang
Download or read book Studies on Hazard Characterization for Performance-based Structural Design written by Yue Wang and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance-based engineering (PBE) requires advances in hazard characterization, structural modeling, and nonlinear analysis techniques to fully and efficiently develop the fragility expressions and other tools forming the basis for risk-based design procedures. This research examined and extended the state-of-the-art in hazard characterization (wind and surge) and risk-based design procedures (seismic). State-of-the-art hurricane models (including wind field, tracking and decay models) and event-based simulation techniques were used to characterize the hurricane wind hazard along the Texas coast. A total of 10,000 years of synthetic hurricane wind speed records were generated for each zip-code in Texas and were used to statistically characterize the N-year maximum hurricane wind speed distribution for each zip-code location and develop design non-exceedance probability contours for both coastal and inland areas. Actual recorded wind and surge data, the hurricane wind field model, hurricane size parameters, and a measure of storm kinetic energy were used to develop wind-surge and wind-surge-energy models, which can be used to characterize the wind-surge hazard at a level of accuracy suitable for PBE applications. These models provide a powerful tool to quickly and inexpensively estimate surge depths at coastal locations in advance of a hurricane landfall. They also were used to create surge hazard maps that provide storm surge height non-exceedance probability contours for the Texas coast. The simulation tools, wind field models, and statistical analyses, make it possible to characterize the risk-consistent hurricane events considering both hurricane intensity and size. The proposed methodology for event-based hurricane hazard characterization, when coupled with a hurricane damage model, can also be used for regional loss estimation and other spatial impact analyses. In considering seismic hazard, a risk-consistent framework for displacement-based seismic design of engineered multistory woodframe structures was developed. Specifically, a database of probability-based scale factors which can be used in a direct displacement design (DDD) procedure for woodframe buildings was created using nonlinear time-history analyses with suitably scaled ground motions records. The resulting DDD procedure results in more risk-consistent designs and therefore advances the state-of-the-art in displacement-based seismic design of woodframe structures.
Book Synopsis Hurricane Surge Stage-frequency Analysis for Dade County, Florida by : Charles Eugene Abel
Download or read book Hurricane Surge Stage-frequency Analysis for Dade County, Florida written by Charles Eugene Abel and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Safety, Reliability, Risk and Life-Cycle Performance of Structures and Infrastructures by : George Deodatis
Download or read book Safety, Reliability, Risk and Life-Cycle Performance of Structures and Infrastructures written by George Deodatis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-02-10 with total page 1112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety, Reliability, Risk and Life-Cycle Performance of Structures and Infrastructures contains the plenary lectures and papers presented at the 11th International Conference on STRUCTURAL SAFETY AND RELIABILITY (ICOSSAR2013, New York, NY, USA, 16-20 June 2013), and covers major aspects of safety, reliability, risk and life-cycle performance of str
