Wi Fi 7 In Depth

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Wi-Fi 7 In Depth

Author : Jerome Henry
Publisher : Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN 13 : 0135323576
Total Pages : 511 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (353 download)

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Book Synopsis Wi-Fi 7 In Depth by : Jerome Henry

Download or read book Wi-Fi 7 In Depth written by Jerome Henry and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2024-11-14 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential guide for networking professionals responsible for implementing Wi-Fi 7 Join wireless networking experts Jerome Henry, Brian Hart, Binita Gupta, and Malcolm Smith on this deep dive into Wi-Fi 7 and 802.11be. The authors explore how to design and optimize your network to fully leverage Wi-Fi 7's new capabilities. You will learn in detail the inner workings of Wi-Fi 7 improvements like rTWT, puncturing, triggered uplink access, and SCS QC. You will explore the new possibilities of multi-link operations and learn why clients will come in five possible MLO modes that dramatically change the expectations you can have for their performances. You’ll gain practical, real-world insights into protocol implementation and its effects on cell design, roaming efficiency, and overall network performance. This book is an invaluable resource for anyone who designs, manages, and optimizes wireless networks or works with 802.11, from network architects and wireless network administrators to network engineers and anyone whose job includes the need to face the Wi-Fi 7 wave or understand 802.11be and its challenges in depth. Whether you are new to IEEE 802.11 standards or looking to deepen your understanding of the latest wireless networking advancements, this book gives you the knowledge and expertise to stay ahead in the evolving Wi-Fi technology landscape. Includes a foreword by Matt MacPherson (CTO of Wireless, Cisco Systems) In this book, you will: Understand the foundational concepts of Wi-Fi and the 802.11be protocol Explore the challenges and balance of backward compatibility in Wi-Fi 7 development Learn about the enhancements introduced in Wi-Fi 6 and Wi-Fi 6E and their impact on 802.11be Explore the enhancements in transmission and reception techniques, channel structure and multi-user access management Learn about Multi-Link Operation (MLO) and its five different modes Understand Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms and priority scheduling Examine site survey and network planning considerations specific to Wi-Fi 7 deployments

Take Control of Wi-Fi Networking and Security

Author : Glenn Fleishman
Publisher : alt concepts
ISBN 13 : 1990783236
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Take Control of Wi-Fi Networking and Security by : Glenn Fleishman

Download or read book Take Control of Wi-Fi Networking and Security written by Glenn Fleishman and published by alt concepts. This book was released on 2022-11-21 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Get more from your Wi-Fi network Version 1.4, updated November 21, 2022 Setting up and securing a Wi-Fi network can be complicated and confusing. This book helps you over every hurdle involved in picking gateways, setting up a network, adding devices, and securing the network and connected phones, tablets, and computers. It’s useful for those who have set up networks in the past and want to replace them with new gear, as well as people who have never built a Wi-Fi network before.n Perhaps you already have a Wi-Fi network running in your home and office, but you’re dissatisfied with it. Or maybe you’re setting up a new house, apartment, business, or school room with Wi-Fi and need to know the basics about what to get and how to configure it. In either case, this book is for you. After over 16 years of writing regularly about Wi-Fi and answering reader questions, author Glenn Fleishman finds that the same issues still crop up: • How do I spend the least money to the best effect? • What’s the best place to put my Wi-Fi gateways? • How can I get both high throughput (speed) on my network and solid coverage across everywhere I want to use Wi-Fi? • What can I do to secure my network against outsiders near my house and elsewhere on the internet? • How do I add networked hard drives and printers? • Interference is slowing my network; what can I do to reduce it? • What’s the best way to extend my network to a garage, yard, or nearby building? This book answers those questions in depth, as well as many others related to Wi-Fi, including how to set up a personal or mobile hotspot with all major operating systems, how to access computers on your network remotely, and why you should use a VPN (virtual private network). If you have any question about overhauling your network, setting up a new one, or just finally figuring out something that’s never worked, this book has the answer. Covers macOS, Windows, iOS, Android, and Chrome OS.

The WiFi Networking Book

Author : Gordon Colbach
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781073328420
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (284 download)

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Book Synopsis The WiFi Networking Book by : Gordon Colbach

Download or read book The WiFi Networking Book written by Gordon Colbach and published by . This book was released on 2019-06-11 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The WiFi Networking Book: WLAN Standards: IEEE 802.11 bgn, 802.11n, 802.11ac and 802.11ax' starts from the ground up for a new user and does a gradual progression into the technical details around IEEE 802.11 Wireless Lan communications standard. The book details the 'legacy' 802.11 stack (a/b/g) and also goes into the latest wave of 802.11 standards - 802.11n, ac and ax. Introduction A wireless LAN (WLAN) is a data transmission system designed to provide location-independent network access between computing devices by using radio waves rather than a cable infrastructure . In the corporate enterprise, wireless LANs are usually implemented as the final link between the existing wired network and a group of client computers, giving these users wireless access to the full resources and services of the corporate network across a building or campus setting. The widespread acceptance of WLANs depends on industry standardization to ensure product compatibility and reliability among the various manufacturers. The 802.11 specification as a standard for wireless LANS was ratified by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in the year 1997. This version of 802.11 provides for 1 Mbps and 2 Mbps data rates and a set of fundamental signaling methods and other services. Like all IEEE 802 standards, the 802.11 standards focus on the bottom two levels the ISO model, the physical layer and link layer. Any LAN application, network operating system, protocol, including TCP/IP and Novell NetWare, will run on an 802.11-compliant WLAN as easily as they run over Ethernet. What is inside Overview on Wireless Technologies, Usage Scenarios and related Taxonomy Wireless LAN and 802.11 WiFi: Architecture, 802.11 Physical Layer, 802.11 Data Link Layer, 802.11 Security 802.11 Standards: 802.11b, 802.11a, 802.11g, 802.11n MIMO, 802.11ac - Wave 1 and Wave 2, 802.11ax WiMax Networks: Forum, WiMax Protocol, WiMax Architecture

Wi-Fi 6: Protocol and Network

Author : Sundar Gandhi Sankaran
Publisher : Artech House
ISBN 13 : 1630818437
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Wi-Fi 6: Protocol and Network by : Sundar Gandhi Sankaran

Download or read book Wi-Fi 6: Protocol and Network written by Sundar Gandhi Sankaran and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With more than 15 billion Wi-Fi enabled devices, Wi-Fi has proven itself as a technology that has successfully evolved over the past 25 years. The need for high-speed connectivity is growing, as Wi-Fi has evolved into a fundamental utility that is expected to be available everywhere. This comprehensive resource covers six generations of Wi-Fi standards including protocol, implementation, and network deployment for both residential and enterprise environments. It will provide readers with a new understanding of how to approach and debug basic Wi-Fi problems, and will grant those wondering whether to pick 5G or Wi-Fi 6 for their product the clarity needed to make an informed decision. Readers will find in-depth coverage of Wi-Fi encryption and authentication methods, including explorations of recently uncovered security vulnerabilities and how to fix them. This book also provides detailed information on the implementation of Wi-Fi, including common regulatory and certification requirements, as well its associated challenges. This book also provides direction on the placement of Wi-Fi access points in indoor locations. It introduces the most recent Wi-Fi 6E certification, which defines requirements for devices operating on the newly opened 6 GHz band. Wi-Fi 6 is then compared with 5G technology, and this resource provides insight into the benefits of each as well as how these two technologies can be used to complement each other.

802.11 Wireless Networks: The Definitive Guide

Author : Matthew S. Gast
Publisher : "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN 13 : 1449319521
Total Pages : 654 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (493 download)

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Book Synopsis 802.11 Wireless Networks: The Definitive Guide by : Matthew S. Gast

Download or read book 802.11 Wireless Networks: The Definitive Guide written by Matthew S. Gast and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2005-04-25 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As we all know by now, wireless networks offer many advantages over fixed (or wired) networks. Foremost on that list is mobility, since going wireless frees you from the tether of an Ethernet cable at a desk. But that's just the tip of the cable-free iceberg. Wireless networks are also more flexible, faster and easier for you to use, and more affordable to deploy and maintain.The de facto standard for wireless networking is the 802.11 protocol, which includes Wi-Fi (the wireless standard known as 802.11b) and its faster cousin, 802.11g. With easy-to-install 802.11 network hardware available everywhere you turn, the choice seems simple, and many people dive into wireless computing with less thought and planning than they'd give to a wired network. But it's wise to be familiar with both the capabilities and risks associated with the 802.11 protocols. And 802.11 Wireless Networks: The Definitive Guide, 2nd Edition is the perfect place to start.This updated edition covers everything you'll ever need to know about wireless technology. Designed with the system administrator or serious home user in mind, it's a no-nonsense guide for setting up 802.11 on Windows and Linux. Among the wide range of topics covered are discussions on: deployment considerations network monitoring and performance tuning wireless security issues how to use and select access points network monitoring essentials wireless card configuration security issues unique to wireless networks With wireless technology, the advantages to its users are indeed plentiful. Companies no longer have to deal with the hassle and expense of wiring buildings, and households with several computers can avoid fights over who's online. And now, with 802.11 Wireless Networks: The Definitive Guide, 2nd Edition, you can integrate wireless technology into your current infrastructure with the utmost confidence.

Wi-Fi Handbook

Author : Frank Ohrtman
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN 13 : 9780071412513
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Wi-Fi Handbook by : Frank Ohrtman

Download or read book Wi-Fi Handbook written by Frank Ohrtman and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2003 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written for network engineers by highly experienced wireless and Ethernet experts, this title is one of the first to provide the know-how for enterprise implementations.

Real 802.11 Security

Author : Jon Edney
Publisher : Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN 13 : 9780321136206
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (362 download)

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Book Synopsis Real 802.11 Security by : Jon Edney

Download or read book Real 802.11 Security written by Jon Edney and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2004 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes new approaches to wireless security enabled by the recent development of new core technologies for Wi-Fi/802.11. It shows how the new approaches work and how they should be applied for maximum effect. For system administrators, product designers, or advanced home users.

Cruising the Inland Waterways of France and Belgium

Author : Gordon Knight
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 0244531978
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Cruising the Inland Waterways of France and Belgium by : Gordon Knight

Download or read book Cruising the Inland Waterways of France and Belgium written by Gordon Knight and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2019-11 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cruising Association guide to the inland waterways of France, Belgium and Luxembourg (with 25 per cent discount offer on first year's CA membership). Includes updates to 31 October 2019. Described as their 'Bible' by regular users and yacht skippers planning routes to and from the Mediterranean, it contains a wealth of information on cruising routes, cruising preparations, supplies, equipment, licences and documents, useful addresses, books and websites as well as listing around 250 mooring places throughout France and Belgium with comments upon facilities, depths, prices, closest shops and restaurants and nearby attractions. The new edition also includes details of locations where fuel may be obtained either alongside or within easy jerry can distance.

Cruising Guide to Western Florida

Author : Claiborne Young
Publisher : Pelican Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781455603190
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Cruising Guide to Western Florida by : Claiborne Young

Download or read book Cruising Guide to Western Florida written by Claiborne Young and published by Pelican Publishing. This book was released on 2008-01-25 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the slow-moving Manatee River to the wide-open spans of Tampa Bay to the multitude of islands and inlets between Cape Sable and Naples, Western Florida offers a tranquil alternative to the fast-paced lifestyle of the eastern coast. Cruising Guide to Western Florida leaves nothing unexplored in the waters from Flamingo to the Big Bend. Thoroughly researched and updated firsthand by the author, this comprehensive guide is the most detailed source available on the facilities and waters of the Sunshine State's western shore. It contains current information on "Navigation data "Anchorage locales along the entire shore"Fuel depots and docks"Marinas"Shoreside dining and other attractions"Historic sites As in his previous books, Claiborne Young furnishes dozens of invaluable maps, photographs, and chart references. He includes specific waypoints for anchorages and marinas, as well as ratings for transient docking fees. Intriguing historical profiles and coastal folklore give visitors the flavor of the region. Sections on unsafe areas and shoals help cruisers avoid dangerous waters. ABOUT THE AUTHORClaiborne S. Young's books for Pelican have become the gold standard for cruising guides. A resident of Burlington, North Carolina, Young and his wife spend their time exploring the waterways of southeastern United States and gathering priceless information on each area. Young also edits the on-line cruising newsletter The Salty Southeast Cruiser's Net.

802.11ac: A Survival Guide

Author : Matthew S. Gast
Publisher : "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN 13 : 1449357725
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (493 download)

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Book Synopsis 802.11ac: A Survival Guide by : Matthew S. Gast

Download or read book 802.11ac: A Survival Guide written by Matthew S. Gast and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2013-07-23 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The next frontier for wireless LANs is 802.11ac, a standard that increases throughput beyond one gigabit per second. This concise guide provides in-depth information to help you plan for 802.11ac, with technical details on design, network operations, deployment, and monitoring. Author Matthew Gast—an industry expert who led the development of 802.11-2012 and security task groups at the Wi-Fi Alliance—explains how 802.11ac will not only increase the speed of your network, but its capacity as well. Whether you need to serve more clients with your current level of throughput, or serve your existing client load with higher throughput, 802.11ac is the solution. This book gets you started. Understand how the 802.11ac protocol works to improve the speed and capacity of a wireless LAN Explore how beamforming increases speed capacity by improving link margin, and lays the foundation for multi-user MIMO Learn how multi-user MIMO increases capacity by enabling an AP to send data to multiple clients simultaneously Plan when and how to upgrade your network to 802.11ac by evaluating client devices, applications, and network connections

Wireless Security Architecture

Author : Jennifer Minella
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119883075
Total Pages : 785 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (198 download)

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Book Synopsis Wireless Security Architecture by : Jennifer Minella

Download or read book Wireless Security Architecture written by Jennifer Minella and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-03-07 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reduce organizational cybersecurity risk and build comprehensive WiFi, private cellular, and IOT security solutions Wireless Security Architecture: Designing and Maintaining Secure Wireless for Enterprise offers readers an essential guide to planning, designing, and preserving secure wireless infrastructures. It is a blueprint to a resilient and compliant architecture that responds to regulatory requirements, reduces organizational risk, and conforms to industry best practices. This book emphasizes WiFi security, as well as guidance on private cellular and Internet of Things security. Readers will discover how to move beyond isolated technical certifications and vendor training and put together a coherent network that responds to contemporary security risks. It offers up-to-date coverage—including data published for the first time—of new WPA3 security, Wi-Fi 6E, zero-trust frameworks, and other emerging trends. It also includes: Concrete strategies suitable for organizations of all sizes, from large government agencies to small public and private companies Effective technical resources and real-world sample architectures Explorations of the relationships between security, wireless, and network elements Practical planning templates, guides, and real-world case studies demonstrating application of the included concepts Perfect for network, wireless, and enterprise security architects, Wireless Security Architecture belongs in the libraries of technical leaders in firms of all sizes and in any industry seeking to build a secure wireless network.

Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare

Author : Dario Salvi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031597176
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare by : Dario Salvi

Download or read book Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare written by Dario Salvi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

CWAP Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Official Study Guide

Author : David D. Coleman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470769033
Total Pages : 700 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis CWAP Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Official Study Guide by : David D. Coleman

Download or read book CWAP Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Official Study Guide written by David D. Coleman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-05 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will be part of the CWNP suite of official titles, which also includes the CWTS: Certified Wireless Technology Specialist Official Study Guide, CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide, CWSP: Certified Wireless Security Professional Official Study Guide, and CWDP: Certified Wireless Design Professional Official Study Guide. This handy study guide will not only prepare the reader for the CWAP exam, but will also show the reader how to troubleshoot and analyze complex enterprise WLAN environments. The CWAP Study Guide will provide a real world perspective to give the reader the information they need to pass the exam. The book will cover all the exam objectives for the CWAP exam, including: 802.11 Physical (PHY) Layer Frame Formats and Technologies 802.11 MAC Layer Frame Formats and Technologies 802.11 Operation and Frame Exchanges Spectrum Analysis and Troubleshooting Protocol Analysis and Troubleshooting The book will include in-depth coverage of the exam objectives, as well as hands-on exercises using the Wireshark protocol analyzer software and Fluke Network's Spectrum analyzer software. Also included will be custom flash animations, chapter review questions, a detailed glossary, and a pre-assessment test. The CD includes two bonus exams and over 150 flashcards.

Reeds Western Almanac 2019

Author : Perrin Towler
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472957520
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (729 download)

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Book Synopsis Reeds Western Almanac 2019 by : Perrin Towler

Download or read book Reeds Western Almanac 2019 written by Perrin Towler and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Reeds Western Almanac covers the coastline from Cape Wrath to Padstow as well as the whole of Ireland, and is ideal for any boater lucky enough to cruise and race in the superb waters off the coast of Western Scotland, Ireland or Western England. It offers ready access to essential navigation information by virtue of its clear layout and user friendly format. Completely updated for 2019, topics include seamanship, pilotage, tide tables, safety procedures, navigation tips, radio, lights, waypoints, weather forecast information, communications, Mayday and distress procedures. The spiral binding allows the Almanac to be opened flat on the chart table and the large type size and clear layout makes information easy to read even in adverse conditions. It is the complete guide for both Irish and Scottish mariners as well as those cruising the UK west coast. Includes a free Reeds Marina Guide. Also available: free supplements of up-to-date navigation changes from January to June at: www.reedsnauticalalmanac.co.uk 'There are some things I would not go to sea without - Reeds is one of them.' Sir Chay Blyth

Take Control of Wi-Fi Networking and Security, 2nd Edition

Author : Glenn Fleishman
Publisher : alt concepts
ISBN 13 : 1990783465
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Take Control of Wi-Fi Networking and Security, 2nd Edition by : Glenn Fleishman

Download or read book Take Control of Wi-Fi Networking and Security, 2nd Edition written by Glenn Fleishman and published by alt concepts. This book was released on 2024-01-16 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Get more from your Wi-Fi network Version 2.0, updated January 16, 2024 Setting up and securing a Wi-Fi network can be complicated and confusing. This book helps you over every hurdle involved in picking gateways, setting up a network, adding devices, and securing the network and connected phones, tablets, and computers. It’s useful for those who have set up networks in the past and want to replace them with new gear, as well as people who have never built a Wi-Fi network before.n Perhaps you already have a Wi-Fi network running in your home and office, but you’re dissatisfied with it. Or maybe you’re setting up a new house, apartment, business, or school room with Wi-Fi and need to know the basics about what to get and how to configure it. In either case, this book is for you. After over 18 years of writing regularly about Wi-Fi and answering reader questions, author Glenn Fleishman finds that the same issues still crop up: • How do I spend the least money to the best effect? • What’s the best place to put my Wi-Fi gateways? • Is a mesh network a good idea—and if so, what do I need to know? • How can I get both high throughput (speed) on my network and solid coverage across everywhere I want to use Wi-Fi? • What can I do to secure my network against outsiders near my house and elsewhere on the internet? • How do I add networked hard drives and printers? • Interference is slowing my network; what can I do to reduce it? • What’s the best way to extend my network to a garage, yard, or nearby building? • What’s different about the latest standards—Wi-Fi 6E, Wi-Fi 7, and 802.11be? This book answers those questions in depth, as well as many others related to Wi-Fi, including how to set up a personal or mobile hotspot with all major operating systems, how to access computers on your network remotely, and why you should use a VPN (virtual private network). If you have any question about overhauling your network, setting up a new one, or just finally figuring out something that’s never worked, this book has the answer.

Popular Photography

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Popular Photography by :

Download or read book Popular Photography written by and published by . This book was released on 2006-07 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Guide to Wireless Sensor Networks

Author : Sudip Misra
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1848822189
Total Pages : 725 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (488 download)

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Book Synopsis Guide to Wireless Sensor Networks by : Sudip Misra

Download or read book Guide to Wireless Sensor Networks written by Sudip Misra and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-05-29 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overview and Goals Wireless communication technologies are undergoing rapid advancements. The last few years have experienced a steep growth in research in the area of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In WSNs, communication takes place with the help of spatially distributedautonomoussensornodesequippedtosensespeci?cinformation. WSNs, especially the ones that have gained much popularity in the recent years, are, ty- cally, ad hoc in nature and they inherit many characteristics/features of wireless ad hoc networks such as the ability for infrastructure-less setup, minimal or no reliance on network planning, and the ability of the nodes to self-organize and self-con?gure without the involvement of a centralized network manager, router, access point, or a switch. These features help to set up WSNs fast in situations where there is no existing network setup or in times when setting up a ?xed infrastructure network is considered infeasible, for example, in times of emergency or during relief - erations. WSNs ?nd a variety of applications in both the military and the civilian population worldwide such as in cases of enemy intrusion in the battle?eld, object tracking, habitat monitoring, patient monitoring, ?re detection, and so on. Even though sensor networks have emerged to be attractive and they hold great promises for our future, there are several challenges that need to be addressed. Some of the well-known challenges are attributed to issues relating to coverage and deployment, scalability, quality-of-service, size, computational power, energy ef?ciency, and security.