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Why Has Inequality In Weekly Earnings Increased In Canada
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Book Synopsis Why Has Inequality in Weekly Earnings Increased in Canada? by : René Morissette
Download or read book Why Has Inequality in Weekly Earnings Increased in Canada? written by René Morissette and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inequality in weekly earnings increased in Canada in the 1980s, in conjunction with a drop in real hourly wages of young workers, a fall in the percentage of employees working 35-40 hours per week in their main job, a rise in the fraction of employees working 50 hours per week or more, and a growing tendency for highly paid workers to work long workweeks. The paper examines the role of weekly hours of work and the correlation between hourly wage rates and weekly hours in explaining the rise of inequality in weekly earnings in Canada over the last decade. It also documents changes in the distribution of hourly wages, the growth in the dispersion of weekly hours of work, and the increase in the correlation between hourly wages and weekly hours. The paper concludes with a review of the possible factors behind the rise in weekly earnings inequality in Canada.
Book Synopsis Why Has Inequality in Weekly Earnings Increased in Canada? by : Rene Morissette
Download or read book Why Has Inequality in Weekly Earnings Increased in Canada? written by Rene Morissette and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inequality in weekly earnings increased in the eighties in Canada. The growth in inequality occurred in conjunction with three facts. First, real hourly wages of young workers dropped more than 10%. Second, the percentage of employees working 35-40 hours per week in their main job fell and the fraction of employees working 50 hours or more per week rose. Third, there was a growing tendency for highly paid workers to work long workweeks. We argue that any set of explanations of the increase in weekly earnings inequality must reconcile these three facts. Sectoral changes in the distribution of employment by industry and union status explain roughly 30% of the rise in inequality. The reduction in real minimum wages and the decline of average firm size explain very little of the growth in age-earnings differentials. Skill- biased technological change could have increased both the dispersion of hourly wages and the dispersion of weekly hours of work and, thus, is consistent a priori with the movements observed. Yet other factors may have played an equally important--if not more important--role. The growth in competitive pressures, possible shifts in the bargaining power (between firms and labor) towards firms, the greater locational mobility of firms, the increase in Canada's openness to international trade, the rise in fixed costs of labor and possibly in training costs may be major factors behind the growth in weekly earnings inequality in Canada.
Book Synopsis Small Differences That Matter by : David Card
Download or read book Small Differences That Matter written by David Card and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-02-15 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, the first in a new series by the National Bureau of Economic Research that compares labor markets in different countries, examines social and labor market policies in Canada and the United States during the 1980s. It shows that subtle differences in unemployment compensation, unionization, immigration policies, and income maintenance programs have significantly affected economic outcomes in the two countries. For example: -Canada's social safety net, more generous than the American one, produced markedly lower poverty rates in the 1980s. -Canada saw a smaller increase in earnings inequality than the United States did, in part because of the strength of Canadian unions, which have twice the participation that U.S. unions do. -Canada's unemployment figures were much higher than those in the United States, not because the Canadian economy failed to create jobs but because a higher percentage of nonworking time was reported as unemployment. These disparities have become noteworthy as policy makers cite the experiences of the other country to support or oppose particular initiatives.
Book Synopsis The Age of Increasing Inequality by : Lars Osberg
Download or read book The Age of Increasing Inequality written by Lars Osberg and published by James Lorimer & Company. This book was released on 2018-09-11 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Canada is in a new era. For 35 years, the country has become vastly wealthier, but most people have not. For the top 1%, and even more forthe top 0.1%, the last 35 years have been a bonanza. Canadians know very well that there's a huge problem. It's expressed in resistance to tax increases, concerns over unaffordable housing, demands for higher minimum wages, and pressure for action on the lack of good full time jobs for new graduates. This book documents the dramatic and rapid growth in inequality. It identifies the causes. And it proposes meaningful steps to halt and reverse this dangerous trend. Lars Osberg looks separately at the top, middle and bottom of Canadian incomes. He provides new data which will surprise, even shock, many readers. He explains how trade deals have contributed to putting a lid on incomes for workers. The gradual decline of unions in the private sector has also been a factor. On the other end of the scale, he explains the growing high salaries for corporate executives, managers, and some fortunate professionals. Lars Osberg believes that increasing inequality is bad for the country, and its unfairness is toxic to public life. But there is nothing inevitable about this, and he points to innovative measures that would produce a fairer distribution of wealth among all Canadians.
Book Synopsis Dimensions of Inequality in Canada by : David A. Green
Download or read book Dimensions of Inequality in Canada written by David A. Green and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is Canada becoming a more polarized society? Or is it a kind-hearted nation that takes care of its disadvantaged? This volume closely examines these differing views through a careful analysis of the causes, trends, and dimensions of inequality to provide an overall assessment of the state of inequality in Canada. Contributors include economists, sociologists, philosophers, and political scientists, and the discussion ranges from frameworks for thinking about inequality, to original analyses using Canadian data, to assessments of significant policy issues, methodologies, and research directions. What emerges is the most detailed picture of inequality in Canada to date and, disturbingly, one that shows signs of us becoming a less just society. An invaluable source of information for policy makers, researchers, and students from a broad variety of disciplines, Dimensions of Inequality in Canada will also appeal to readers interested or involved in public debates over inequality.
Author :René Morissette Publisher :Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, Statistics Canada ISBN 13 : Total Pages :45 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (366 download)
Book Synopsis The Growth of Earnings Inequality in Canada by : René Morissette
Download or read book The Growth of Earnings Inequality in Canada written by René Morissette and published by Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, Statistics Canada. This book was released on 1996 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Inequality and the Fading of Redistributive Politics by : Keith Banting
Download or read book Inequality and the Fading of Redistributive Politics written by Keith Banting and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2013-09-01 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The redistributive state is fading in Canada. Government programs are no longer offsetting the growth in inequality generated by the market. In this book, leading political scientists, sociologists, and economists point to the failure of public policy to contain surging income inequality. A complex mix of forces has reshaped the politics of social policy, including global economic pressures, ideological change, shifts in the influence of business and labour, changes in the party system, and the decline of equality-seeking civil society organizations. This volume demonstrates that action and inaction policy change and policy drift are at the heart of growing inequality in Canada.
Book Synopsis Income Inequality by : David Alan Green
Download or read book Income Inequality written by David Alan Green and published by Art of the State. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Rising income inequality has been at the forefront of public debate in Canada in recent years, yet there is still much to be learned about the economic forces driving the distribution of earnings and income in this country and how they might evolve in coming years. With research showing that the tax-and-transfer system is less effective than in the past in counteracting growing income disparities, the need for policy-makers to understand the factors at play is all the more urgent. The Institute for Research on Public Policy, in collaboration with the Canadian Labour Market and Skills Researcher Network, has gathered some of the country’s leading experts to provide new evidence on the causes and effects of rising income inequality in Canada and to consider the role of policy. Their research and analysis constitutes a comprehensive review of Canadian inequality trends in recent decades, including changing earnings and income dynamics among middle--class and top earners, wage and job polarization across provinces, and persistent poverty among vulnerable groups. The authors also examine the changing role of education and unionization, as well as the complex interplay of redistributive policies and politics, in order to propose new directions for policy. Amid growing anxieties about the economic prospects of the middle class, Income Inequality: The Canadian Story will inform the public discourse on this issue of central concern for all Canadians."--Publisher's website.
Book Synopsis Jobs with Inequality by : John Peters
Download or read book Jobs with Inequality written by John Peters and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2022-06-29 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Income inequality has skyrocketed in Canada over the past few decades. The rich have become richer, while the average household income has deteriorated and job quality has plummeted. Common explanations for these trends point to globalization, technology, or other forces largely beyond our control. But, as Jobs with Inequality shows, there is nothing inevitable about inequality. Rather, runaway inequality is the result of politics and policies - what governments have done to aid the rich and boost finance and what they have not done to uphold the interests of workers. Drawing on new tax and income data, John Peters tells the story of how inequality is unfolding in Canada today by examining post-democracy, financialization, and labour market deregulation. Timely and novel, Jobs with Inequality explains how and why business and government have rewritten the rules of the economy to the advantage of the few, and considers why progressive efforts to reverse these trends have so regularly run aground.
Book Synopsis Dimensions of Inequality in Canada by :
Download or read book Dimensions of Inequality in Canada written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In this paper, we document some features of the distribution of income, consumption and wealth in Canada using survey data from many different sources. We find that wage and income inequality has increased substantially over the last 30 years, but that much of this rise was offset by the tax and transfer system. As a result, the rise in consumption inequality has been relatively mild . We also document that wealth inequality has remained fairly stable since 1999. A comparison of our results - obtained using confidential data - suggests that while some aspects of inequality are well captured by publicly available data, others paint a drastically different picture."--Authors' abstract.
Book Synopsis New Views on Inequality Trends in Canada and the United States by : Michael C. Wolfson
Download or read book New Views on Inequality Trends in Canada and the United States written by Michael C. Wolfson and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Divided We Stand Why Inequality Keeps Rising by : OECD
Download or read book Divided We Stand Why Inequality Keeps Rising written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12-05 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines to which extent economic globalisation, skill-biased technological progress and institutional and regulatory reforms have had an impact on the distribution of earnings.
Book Synopsis Cohort Patterns in Canadian Earnings by : Paul Beaudry
Download or read book Cohort Patterns in Canadian Earnings written by Paul Beaudry and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper documents the pattern of change in age-earnings profiles across cohorts and evaluates its implications. Using synthetic cohorts from the Survey of Consumer Finances over the period 1971 to 1993, we show that the age-earning profiles of Canadian men have been deteriorating for more recent cohorts in comparison to older cohorts. We find this pattern for both high school and university educated workers. In no case do we find evidence that the return to gaining experience has been increasing over time, nor do we find increased within-cohort dispersion of earnings. We view these findings as conflicting with the hypothesis that increased skill-premium largely explains the observed increase in dispersion of male weekly earnings in Canada. When looking at the pattern for women, we find only minor differences in the age-earning relationships across cohorts
Book Synopsis Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality by : Ms.Era Dabla-Norris
Download or read book Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality written by Ms.Era Dabla-Norris and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Book Synopsis New Perspectives on Income Inequality in BC by : Marc Lee
Download or read book New Perspectives on Income Inequality in BC written by Marc Lee and published by Canadian Centre Policy Alternatives. This book was released on 2004 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We consider the changes in BC inequality in a number of different ways: broad trends using the gini coefficient (the most common summary index of inequality); changes in incomes for different income groups; the shares of income accruing to each income group; and, the ratio of incomes at the top, bottom and middle of the distribution. [...] A large part of the increase in inequality stems from the near-collapse of incomes at the bottom of the distribution. [...] If changes in inequality appear more at the top or bottom of the distribution, they may not be adequately captured by the gini.3 This paper also examines changes in the average income of different income groups over time, and the ratio of the average income at the top, bottom and middle of the distribution. [...] For the bottom five vingtiles (25% of the population), the absolute decline in income (not shown) was greater after taxes and transfers than it was for market income.7 To further illustrate the changes over time, Figure 4a shows that the changes in average income for the bottom vingtile are not aberrations for the year 2000. [...] As a result of the gains at the top and losses at the bottom, the ratio of market incomes of the top vingtile to the bottom vingtile grew dramatically over the 1992-2000 period.
Book Synopsis Wage-Led Growth by : Engelbert Stockhammer
Download or read book Wage-Led Growth written by Engelbert Stockhammer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-03 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume seeks to go beyond the microeconomic view of wages as a cost having negative consequences on a given firm, to consider the positive macroeconomic dynamics associated with wages as a major component of aggregate demand.
Book Synopsis The Case for Leaning Against Income Inequality in Canada by : Craig Alexander
Download or read book The Case for Leaning Against Income Inequality in Canada written by Craig Alexander and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
