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Wax Deposition
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Download or read book Wax Deposition written by Zhenyu Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wax Deposition: Experimental Characterizations, Theoretical Modeling, and Field Practices covers the entire spectrum of knowledge on wax deposition. The book delivers a detailed description of the thermodynamic and transport theories for wax deposition modeling as well as a comprehensive review of laboratory testing for the establishment of appropr
Book Synopsis Wax Deposition Under Two-phase Oil-water Flowing Conditions by : Ekarit Panacharoensawad
Download or read book Wax Deposition Under Two-phase Oil-water Flowing Conditions written by Ekarit Panacharoensawad and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling of Wax Deposition in a Crude Oil Carrying Pipeline by : Preston Montalvo
Download or read book Modeling of Wax Deposition in a Crude Oil Carrying Pipeline written by Preston Montalvo and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Wax Deposition and Its Control During Production of Alaska North Slope Oils by :
Download or read book Evaluation of Wax Deposition and Its Control During Production of Alaska North Slope Oils written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to increasing oil demand, oil companies are moving into arctic environments and deep-water areas for oil production. In these regions of lower temperatures, wax deposits begin to form when the temperature in the wellbore falls below wax appearance temperature (WAT). This condition leads to reduced production rates and larger pressure drops. Wax problems in production wells are very costly due to production down time for removal of wax. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a solution to wax deposition. In order to develop a solution to wax deposition, it is essential to characterize the crude oil and study phase behavior properties. The main objective of this project was to characterize Alaskan North Slope crude oil and study the phase behavior, which was further used to develop a dynamic wax deposition model. This report summarizes the results of the various experimental studies. The subtasks completed during this study include measurement of density, molecular weight, viscosity, pour point, wax appearance temperature, wax content, rate of wax deposition using cold finger, compositional characterization of crude oil and wax obtained from wax content, gas-oil ratio, and phase behavior experiments including constant composition expansion and differential liberation. Also, included in this report is the development of a thermodynamic model to predict wax precipitation. From the experimental study of wax appearance temperature, it was found that wax can start to precipitate at temperatures as high as 40.6 C. The WAT obtained from cross-polar microscopy and viscometry was compared, and it was discovered that WAT from viscometry is overestimated. From the pour point experiment it was found that crude oil can cease to flow at a temperature of 12 C. From the experimental results of wax content, it is evident that the wax content in Alaskan North Slope crude oil can be as high as 28.57%. The highest gas-oil ratio for a live oil sample was observed to be 619.26 SCF/STB. The bubblepoint pressure for live oil samples varied between 1600 psi and 2100 psi. Wax precipitation is one of the most important phenomena in wax deposition and, hence, needs to be modeled. There are various models present in the literature. Won's model, which considers the wax phase as a non-ideal solution, and Pedersen's model, which considers the wax phase as an ideal solution, were compared. Comparison indicated that Pedersen's model gives better results, but the assumption of wax phase as an ideal solution is not realistic. Hence, Won's model was modified to consider different precipitation characteristics of the various constituents in the hydrocarbon fraction. The results obtained from the modified Won's model were compared with existing models, and it was found that predictions from the modified model are encouraging.
Book Synopsis Processing of Heavy Crude Oils by : Ramasamy Marappa Gounder
Download or read book Processing of Heavy Crude Oils written by Ramasamy Marappa Gounder and published by . This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ephemeral Bodies by : Julius Ritter von Schlosser
Download or read book Ephemeral Bodies written by Julius Ritter von Schlosser and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The material history of wax is a history of disappearance--wax melts, liquefies, evaporates, and undergoes innumerable mutations. Wax is tactile, ambiguous, and mesmerizing, confounding viewers and scholars alike. It can approximate flesh with astonishing realism and has been used to create uncanny human simulacra since ancient times--from phallic amulets offered to heal distressing conditions and life-size votive images crammed inside candlelit churches by the faithful, to exquisitely detailed anatomical specimens used for training doctors and Medardo Rosso's "melting" portraits. The critical history of wax, however, is fraught with gaps and controversies. After Giorgio Vasari, the subject of wax sculpture was abandoned by art historians; in the twentieth century it once again sparked intellectual interest, only soon to vanish. The authors of the eight essays in Ephemeral Bodies--including the first English translation of Julius von Schlosser's seminal "History of Portraiture in Wax" (1910-11)--break new ground as they explore wax reproductions of the body or body parts and assess their conceptual ambiguity, material impermanence, and implications for the history of Western art.
Book Synopsis The Deposition and Rheology of Organic Gels by : Ramachandran Venkatesan
Download or read book The Deposition and Rheology of Organic Gels written by Ramachandran Venkatesan and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Transport Lines and Wax Estimation Methods by : Fadi Alnaimat
Download or read book Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Transport Lines and Wax Estimation Methods written by Fadi Alnaimat and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum industry is one of the major industries serving the energy demands. Flow assurance is essential for providing continuous fuel supply. Wax deposition is the main issue that affects flow assurance or reduces the efficiency of transporting crude oil. As the maintenance cost of repairing and troubleshooting is very high, addressing issues related to flow assurance becomes critical in the petroleum industry. This chapter will explore methods used for reducing, cleaning, and monitoring deposition of wax. Wax dissolved in the crude oil gets crystallized causing accumulation across the pipe walls once the bulk temperature of the crude oil gets lower than wax appearance temperature (WAT). Mechanical, thermal, chemical, and microbial methods highlighting general practice in the industry are discussed in this chapter. Next, the direct techniques providing information about the numerical wax deposition models used along with scientific measurement techniques are emphasized. Later, the indirect measurement techniques are discussed providing information about the external probing and nondestructive techniques to obtain information about wax layer deposition inside the pipe. The role of artificial intelligence and use of fuzzy logic for effective wax prediction or in developing the existing wax numerical models are emphasized in the last section.
Book Synopsis Production Chemicals for the Oil and Gas Industry, Second Edition by : Malcolm A. Kelland
Download or read book Production Chemicals for the Oil and Gas Industry, Second Edition written by Malcolm A. Kelland and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-03-13 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Production chemistry issues result from changes in well stream fluids, both liquid and gaseous, during processing. Since crude oil production is characterized by variable production rates and unpredictable changes to the nature of the produced fluids, it is essential for production chemists to have a range of chemical additives available for rectifying issues that would not otherwise be fully resolved. Modern production methods, the need to upgrade crude oils of variable quality, and environmental constraints demand chemical solutions. Thus, oilfield production chemicals are necessary to overcome or minimize the effects of the production chemistry problems. Production Chemicals for the Oil and Gas Industry, Second Edition discusses a wide variety of production chemicals used by the oil and gas industry for down-hole and topside applications both onshore and offshore. Incorporating the large amount of research and applications since the first edition, this new edition reviews all past and present classes of production chemicals, providing numerous difficult-to-obtain references, especially SPE papers and patents. Unlike other texts that focus on how products perform in the field, this book focuses on the specific structures of chemicals that are known to deliver the required or desired performance—information that is very useful for research and development. Each updated chapter begins by introducing a problem, such as scale or corrosion, for which there is a production chemical. The author then briefly discusses all chemical and nonchemical methods to treat the problem and provides in-depth descriptions of the structural classes of relevant production chemicals. He also mentions, when available, the environmental properties of chemicals and whether the chemical or technique has been successfully used in the field. This edition includes two new chapters and nearly 50 percent more references.
Book Synopsis Fouling in Refineries by : James G. Speight
Download or read book Fouling in Refineries written by James G. Speight and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2015-05-14 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fouling in Refineries is an important and ongoing problem that directly affects energy efficiency resulting in increased costs, production losses, and even unit shutdown, requiring costly expenditures to clean up equipment and return capacity to positive levels. This text addresses this common challenge for the hydrocarbon processing community within each unit of the refinery. As refineries today face a greater challenge of accepting harder to process heavier crudes and the ongoing flow of the lighter shale oil feedstocks, resulting in bigger challenges to balance product stability within their process equipment, this text seeks to inform all relative refinery personnel on how to monitor fouling, characterize the deposits, and follow all available treatments. With basic modeling and chemistry of fouling and each unit covered, users will learn how to operate at maximum production rates and elongate the efficiency of their refinery’s capacity. Presents an understanding of the breakdown of fouling per refinery unit, including distillation and coking units Provides all the factors, crude types, and refining blends that cause fouling, especially the unconventional feedstocks and high acid crudes used today Helps users develop an analysis-based treatment and control strategy that empowers them to operate refinery equipment at a level that prevents fouling from occurring
Book Synopsis Investigation of Wax Inhibitors on Wax Deposition Based on Flow Loop Testing by : Yuandao Chi
Download or read book Investigation of Wax Inhibitors on Wax Deposition Based on Flow Loop Testing written by Yuandao Chi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solvent Processes in Refining Technology by : James G. Speight
Download or read book Solvent Processes in Refining Technology written by James G. Speight and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-12-12 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the various solvent processes that are used in crude oil refineries. It presents the differences between each type of process and discusses the types of feedstock that can be used for the processes. This accessible guide is written for managers, professionals, and technicians as well as graduate students transitioning into the refining industry. . Key Features: • Describes the various steps that are necessary for the solvent treatment of various feedstocks in crude oil refineries. Brings the reader up to date and adds more data. Provides an extensive glossary. Considers next-generation processes and developments.
Book Synopsis Experimental and Modeling Studies of Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Carrying Pipelines by : Sandeep Todi
Download or read book Experimental and Modeling Studies of Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Carrying Pipelines written by Sandeep Todi and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Managed Pressure Drilling by : Wilson C Chin
Download or read book Managed Pressure Drilling written by Wilson C Chin and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-25 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managed Pressure Drilling Operations is a significant technology worldwide and beginning to make an impact all over the world. Often reservoir and drilling engineers are faced with the decision on how best to construct a well to exploit zones of interest while seeking to avoid drilling problems that contribute to reservoir damage or cause loss of hole. The decision to pursue a MPD operation is based on the intent of applying the most appropriate technology for the candidate and entails either an acceptance of influx to the surface or avoidance of influx into the wellbore.In today's exploration and production environment, drillers must now drill deeper, faster and into increasingly harsher environments where using conventional methods could be counter-productive at best and impossible at worst. Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) is rapidly gaining popularity as a way to mitigate risks and costs associated with drilling in harsh environments. If done properly, MPD can improve economics for any well being drilled by reducing a rig’s nonproductive time. Written for engineers, drilling managers, design departments, and operations personnel, Managed Pressure Drilling Modeling is based on the author’s on experience and offers instruction on planning, designing and executing MPD projects. Compact and readable, the book provides a step by step methods for understanding and solve problems involving variables such as backpressure, variable fluid density, fluid rheology, circulating friction, hole geometry and drillstring diameter. All MPD variations are covered, including Constant Bottomhole Pressure, Pressurized MudCap Drilling and Dual Gradient Drilling. Case histories from actual projects are designed and analyzed using proprietary simulation software online.With this book in hand drilling professionals gain knowledge of the various variations involved in managed pressure drilling operations; understand the safety and operational aspects of a managed pressure drilling project; and be able to make an informed selection of all equipment required to carry out a managed pressure drilling operation. Case histories from actual projects are designed and analyzed using proprietary simulation software online Clearly explains the safety and operational aspects of a managed pressure drilling project Expert coverage of the various variations involved in managed pressure drilling operations Numerical tools and techniques needed for applying MPD principles and practices to individual projects
Book Synopsis Subsea Engineering Handbook by : Yong Bai
Download or read book Subsea Engineering Handbook written by Yong Bai and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-25 with total page 957 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designing and building structures that will withstand the unique challenges that exist in Subsea operations is no easy task. As deepwater wells are drilled to greater depths, engineers are confronted with a new set problems such as water depth, weather conditions, ocean currents, equipment reliability, and well accessibility, to name just a few. A definitive reference for engineers designing, analyzing and instilling offshore structures, Subsea Structural Engineering Handbook provides an expert guide to the key processes, technologies and equipment that comprise contemporary offshore structures.Written in a clear and easy to understand language, the book is based on the authors 30 years of experience in the design, analysis and instillation of offshore structures. This book answers the above mentioned crucial questions as well as covers the entire spectrum of subjects in the discipline, from route selection and planning to design, construction, installation, materials and corrosion, inspection, welding, repair, risk assessment, and applicable design solutions. It yields a roadmap not only for the subsea engineer but also the project managers, estimators and regulatory personnel hoping to gain an appreciation of the overall issues and directed approaches to subsea engineering design solutions. Up-to-date technical overview of deepwater riser engineering Easy to understand Coverage of design, analysis and, stallation Addresses issues concerning both fixed and floating platforms Covers techincal equipment such as Subsea Control Systems, Pressure Piping, Connectors and Equipment Layout as well as Remotely-operated vehicles
Book Synopsis Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing by : Saeid Mokhatab
Download or read book Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing written by Saeid Mokhatab and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by an internationally-recognized team of natural gas industry experts, the fourth edition of Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing is a unique, well-researched, and comprehensive work on the design and operation aspects of natural gas transmission and processing. Six new chapters have been added to include detailed discussion of the thermodynamic and energy efficiency of relevant processes, and recent developments in treating super-rich gas, high CO2 content gas, and high nitrogen content gas with other contaminants. The new material describes technologies for processing today's unconventional gases, providing a fresh approach in solving today's gas processing challenges including greenhouse gas emissions. The updated edition is an excellent platform for gas processors and educators to understand the basic principles and innovative designs necessary to meet today's environmental and sustainability requirement while delivering acceptable project economics. - Covers all technical and operational aspects of natural gas transmission and processing. - Provides pivotal updates on the latest technologies, applications, and solutions. - Helps to understand today's natural gas resources, and the best gas processing technologies. - Offers design optimization and advice on the design and operation of gas plants.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Enhanced Recovery Methods for Heavy Oil and Tar Sands by : James G. Speight
Download or read book Introduction to Enhanced Recovery Methods for Heavy Oil and Tar Sands written by James G. Speight and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-24 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Enhanced Recovery Methods for Heavy Oil and Tar Sands, Second Edition, explores the importance of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and how it has grown in recent years thanks to the increased need to locate unconventional resources such as heavy oil and shale. Unfortunately, petroleum engineers and managers aren't always well-versed in the enhancement methods that are available when needed or the most economically viable solution to maximize their reservoir’s productivity. This revised new edition presents all the current methods of recovery available, including the pros and cons of each. Expanded and updated as a great preliminary text for the newcomer to the industry or subject matter, this must-have EOR guide teaches all the basics needed, including all thermal and non-thermal methods, along with discussions of viscosity, sampling, and the technologies surrounding offshore applications. Enables users to quickly learn how to choose the most efficient recovery method for their reservoir while evaluating economic conditions Presents the differences between each method of recovery with newly added real-world case studies from around the world Helps readers stay competitive with the growing need of extracting unconventional resources with new content on how these complex reservoirs interact with injected reservoir fluids
