Wartime Press Censorship By The Us Armed Forces

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Wartime Press Censorship by the U.s. Armed Forces

Author : U S Army Command and General Staff Coll
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781535288989
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (889 download)

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Book Synopsis Wartime Press Censorship by the U.s. Armed Forces by : U S Army Command and General Staff Coll

Download or read book Wartime Press Censorship by the U.s. Armed Forces written by U S Army Command and General Staff Coll and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-07-15 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is an analysis of historical factors which form the basis for past U.S. wartime press censorship by the U.S. armed forces and the significance these factors have on future U.S. military operations. These factors are: the relative success of past voluntary and involuntary censorship and press restrictions, the effects of evolving technology on censorship, and the recurring debate over censorship which preceded each of our conflicts. The analysis shows an evolution of wartime press censorship from the colonial era to the Panama intervention, Operation Just Cause, and traces in depth the following conclusions: improvement in news gathering technology initially resulted in the perception that reporting from theaters of war must be formally restricted to protect operational security and America's tradition of press freedom and the "people's right to know" have now outweighed the need for formal protection of operational security. The study concludes that technology, Congressional reluctance to curb the news media, and the desire of the armed forces to inspire confidence and trust have combined to eliminate censorship organization and procedures from U.S. military planning, force structure, and capabilities.

Censorship in the American Press in World War II and the 'Code of Wartime Practices'

Author : Ludwig Andert
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638932788
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (389 download)

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Book Synopsis Censorship in the American Press in World War II and the 'Code of Wartime Practices' by : Ludwig Andert

Download or read book Censorship in the American Press in World War II and the 'Code of Wartime Practices' written by Ludwig Andert and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-04 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Communications - Media and Politics, Politic Communications, grade: 1,3, University of Siegen, course: Censorship - Concept & Case Studies, 12 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: On June 25th, 1943, American press editors received a confidential note, the contents an purpose of which was hard to understand even for those who were familiar with the technical terms. It said: " ...] you are asked not to publish or broadcast any information whatever regarding war experiments involving: Production or utilization of atom smashing, atomic energy, atomic fission, atomic splitting, or any of their equivalents. The use for military purposes of radium or radioactive materials, heavy water, high voltage discharge equipment, cyclotrons. The following elements or any of their compounds: polonium, uranium, ytterbium, hafnium, protactinium, radium, rhenium, thorium, deuterium." What sounded "like Greek" to the selected adressees of the request, in retrospective can be identified even by an amateur as the attempt to hide evidence that the US government was doing research on a nuclear device. It was about to play a decisive role in the ending of the Pacific War. Since the United States' entry in World War II, domestic censorship had to draw a line very carefully: On the one hand, the First Amendment to the Constitution grands the freedom of speech and the press; on the other hand, sensitive information, if revealed to the public, could fall into the hands of enemy agents. To handle this task, the government set in effect a voluntary censorship, building up on every journalist's patriotic instinct not to publish anything that might be a threat to the war effort. How was censorship organized? What kind of information was censored? Is there an actual difference between voluntary and mandatory censorship? These are questions the following research paper will elaborate on. A brief overview of the practices

The Basis and Operation of Wartime Censorship in the United States

Author : Edward Newell Doan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 732 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis The Basis and Operation of Wartime Censorship in the United States by : Edward Newell Doan

Download or read book The Basis and Operation of Wartime Censorship in the United States written by Edward Newell Doan and published by . This book was released on 1945 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Code of Wartime Practices for the American Press

Author : United States. Office of Censorship
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Code of Wartime Practices for the American Press by : United States. Office of Censorship

Download or read book Code of Wartime Practices for the American Press written by United States. Office of Censorship and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Secrets of Victory

Author : Michael S. Sweeney
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 0807875600
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Secrets of Victory by : Michael S. Sweeney

Download or read book Secrets of Victory written by Michael S. Sweeney and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2003-01-14 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During World War II, the civilian Office of Censorship supervised a huge and surprisingly successful program of news management: the voluntary self-censorship of the American press. In January 1942, censorship codebooks were distributed to all American newspapers, magazines, and radio stations with the request that journalists adhere to the guidelines within. Remarkably, over the course of the war no print journalist, and only one radio journalist, ever deliberately violated the censorship code after having been made aware of it and understanding its intent. Secrets of Victory examines the World War II censorship program and analyzes the reasons for its success. Using archival sources, including the Office of Censorship's own records, Michael Sweeney traces the development of news media censorship from a pressing necessity after the attack on Pearl Harbor to the centralized yet efficient bureaucracy that persuaded thousands of journalists to censor themselves for the sake of national security. At the heart of this often dramatic story is the Office of Censorship's director Byron Price. A former reporter himself, Price relied on cooperation with--rather than coercion of--American journalists in his fight to safeguard the nation's secrets.

Public Affairs

Author : William M. Hammond
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 : 9780160016738
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (167 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Affairs by : William M. Hammond

Download or read book Public Affairs written by William M. Hammond and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 1988 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: United States Army in Vietnam. CMH Pub. 91-13. Draws upon previously unavailable Army and Defense Department records to interpret the part the press played during the Vietnam War. Discusses the roles of the following in the creation of information policy: Military Assistance Command's Office of Information in Saigon; White House; State Department; Defense Department; and the United States Embassy in Saigon.

Field Press Censorship

Author : United States. Department of the Army
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Field Press Censorship by : United States. Department of the Army

Download or read book Field Press Censorship written by United States. Department of the Army and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Censored War

Author : George H. Roeder
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780300062915
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (629 download)

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Book Synopsis The Censored War by : George H. Roeder

Download or read book The Censored War written by George H. Roeder and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early in World War II censors placed all photographs of dead and badly wounded Americans in a secret Pentagon file known to officials as the Chamber of Horrors. Later, as government leaders became concerned about public complacency brought on by Allied victories, they released some of these photographs of war's brutality. But to the war's end and after, they continued to censor photographs of mutilated or emotionally distressed American soldiers, of racial conflicts at American bases, and other visual evidence of disunity or disorder. In this book George H. Roeder, Jr., tells the intriguing story of how American opinions about World War II were manipulated both by the wartime images that citizens were allowed to see and by the images that were suppressed. His text is amplified by arresting visual essays that include many previously unpublished photographs from the army's censored files. Examining news photographs, movies, newsreels, posters, and advertisements, Roeder explores the different ways that civilian and military leaders used visual imagery to control the nation's perception of the war and to understate the war's complexities. He reveals how image makers tried to give minorities a sense of equal participation in the war while not alarming others who clung to the traditions of separate races, classes, and gender roles. He argues that the most pervasive feature of wartime visual imagery was its polarized depiction of the world as good or bad, and he discusses individuals--Margaret Bourke-White, Bill Mauldin, Elmer Davis, and others--who fought against these limitations. He shows that the polarized ways of viewing encouraged by World War II influenced American responses to political issues for decades to follow, particularly in the simplistic way that the Vietnam War was depicted by both official and antiwar forces.

War & Press Freedom

Author : Jeffery Alan Smith
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019509946X
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis War & Press Freedom by : Jeffery Alan Smith

Download or read book War & Press Freedom written by Jeffery Alan Smith and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: War and Press Freedom: The Problem of Prerogative Power is a groundbreaking and provocative study of one of the most perplexing civil liberties issues in American history: What authority does or should the government have to control press coverage and commentary in wartime? First Amendment scholar Jeffery A. Smith shows convincingly that no such extraordinary power exists under the Constitution, and that officials have had to rely on claiming the existence of an autocratic "higher law" of survival. Smith carefully surveys the development of statutory restrictions and military regulations for the news media from the ratification of the Bill of Rights in 1791 through the Gulf War of 1991. He concludes that the armed forces can justify refusal to divulge a narrow range of defense secrets, but that imposing other restrictions is unwise, unnecessary, and unconstitutional. In any event, as electronic communication becomes almost impossible to constrain, soldiers and journalists must learn how to respect each other's obligations in a democratic system.

The Military and the Press

Author : Michael S. Sweeney
Publisher : Northwestern University Press
ISBN 13 : 0810122995
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis The Military and the Press by : Michael S. Sweeney

Download or read book The Military and the Press written by Michael S. Sweeney and published by Northwestern University Press. This book was released on 2006-08-14 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because news is a weapon of war--affecting public opinion, troop morale, even strategy--for more than a century America's wartime officials have sought to control or influence the press, most recently by "embedding" reporters within military units in Iraq. This second front, where press freedom and military imperatives often do battle, is the territory explored in The Military and the Press, a history of how press-military relations have evolved during the twentieth and twenty-first century in response to the demands of politics, economics, technology, and legal and social forces. Author Michael S. Sweeney takes a chronological approach, considering freedoms and restraints such as the First Amendment, court decisions, and government and military directives that have affected the press during World Wars I and II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, and the more recent conflicts. He explores the ongoing themes of wartime censorship and propaganda, as well as operational security in the battle zone. In chapters addressing the recent shift in military strategy in dealing with the press, Sweeney discusses new forms of control--from embedding journalists and discouraging unaccredited "unilaterals" to developing the news agenda through a barrage of briefings, sound bites, and visuals and appeals to patriotism that border on domestic propaganda. With profiles of a few specific journalists--from Richard Harding Davis covering the Spanish-American War to Christiane Amanpour reporting from the conflicts in Bosnia and Iraq--this deft blend of journalistic history and analysis should serve as a call-to-arms to a public not always well served by a military-press standoff.

Wartime Censorship of Press and Radio

Author : Robert Edward Summers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Wartime Censorship of Press and Radio by : Robert Edward Summers

Download or read book Wartime Censorship of Press and Radio written by Robert Edward Summers and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Proper Relationship Between the Army and the Press in War

Author : Army War College (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The Proper Relationship Between the Army and the Press in War by : Army War College (U.S.)

Download or read book The Proper Relationship Between the Army and the Press in War written by Army War College (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Fog of War

Author : Mark Bourrie
Publisher : D & M Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1553659503
Total Pages : 1 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (536 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fog of War by : Mark Bourrie

Download or read book The Fog of War written by Mark Bourrie and published by D & M Publishers. This book was released on 2011-07-08 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Canadian government censored the news during World War II for two main reasons: to keep military and economic secrets out of enemy hands and to prevent civilian morale from breaking down. But in those tumultuous times - with Nazi spies landing on our shores by raft, U-boat attacks in the St. Lawrence, army mutinies in British Columbia and Ontario and pro-Hitler propaganda in the mainstream Quebec press - censors had a hard time keeping news events contained. Now, with freshly unsealed World War II press-censor files, many of the undocumented events that occurred in wartime Canada are finally revealed. In Mark Bourrie's illuminating and well-researched account, we learn about the capture of a Nazi spy-turned-double agent, the Japanese-Canadian editor who would one day help develop Canada's medicare system, the curious chiropractor from Saskatchewan who spilled atomic bomb secrets to a roomful of people and the use of censorship to stop balloon bomb attacks from Japan. The Fog of War investigates the realities of media censorship through the experiences of those deputized to act on behalf of the public and reveals why press censorship in wartime Canada was, at best, a hit-and-miss game.

Second Front

Author : John R. MacArthur
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 9780520242319
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (423 download)

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Book Synopsis Second Front by : John R. MacArthur

Download or read book Second Front written by John R. MacArthur and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2004-05-26 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John R. MacArthur -- who is the publisher of Harper's Magazine -- examines the government's assault on the constitutional freedoms of the U.S. media during the 1991 gulf war. With a new preface.

A Report on the Office of Censorship

Author : United States. Office of Censorship
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis A Report on the Office of Censorship by : United States. Office of Censorship

Download or read book A Report on the Office of Censorship written by United States. Office of Censorship and published by . This book was released on 1945 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Imprisoned Apart

Author : Louis Fiset
Publisher : University of Washington Press
ISBN 13 : 0295801360
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (958 download)

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Book Synopsis Imprisoned Apart by : Louis Fiset

Download or read book Imprisoned Apart written by Louis Fiset and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Please don’t cry,” wrote Iwao Matsushita to his wife Hanaye, telling her he was to be interned for the duration of the war. He was imprisoned in Fort Missoula, Montana, and she was incarcerated at the Minidoka Relocation Center in southwestern Idaho. Their separation would continue for more than two years. Imprisoned Apart is the poignant story of a young teacher and his bride who came to Seattle from Japan in 1919 so that he might study English language and literature, and who stayed to make a home. On the night of December 7, 1941, the FBI knocked at the Matsushitas’ door and took Iwao away, first to jail at the Seattle Immigration Stateion and then, by special train, windows sealed and guards at the doors, to Montana. He was considered an enemy alien, “potentially dangerous to public safety,” because of his Japanese birth and professional associations. The story of Iwao Matsushita’s determination to clear his name and be reunited with his wife, and of Hanaye Matsushita’s growing confusion and despair, unfolds in their correspondence, presented here in full. Their cards and letters, most written in Japanese, some in English when censors insisted, provided us with the first look at life inside Fort Missoula, one of the Justice Department’s wartime camp for enemy aliens. Because Iwao was fluent in both English and Japanese, his communications are always articulate, even lyrical, if restrained. Hanaye communicated briefly and awkwardly in English, more fully and openly in Japanese. Fiset presents a most affecting human story and helps us to read between the lines, to understand what was happening to this gentle, sensitive pair. Hanaye suffered the emotional torment of disruption and displacement from everything safe and familiar. Iwao, a scholarly man who, despite his imprisonment, did not falter in his committment to his adopted country, suffered the ignominity of suspicion of being disloyal. After the war, he worked as a subject specialist at the University of Washington’s Far Eastern Library and served as principal of Seattle’s Japanese Language School, faithful to the Japanese American community until his death in 1979.

Living-Room War

Author : Michael J. Arlen
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780815604662
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Living-Room War by : Michael J. Arlen

Download or read book Living-Room War written by Michael J. Arlen and published by Syracuse University Press. This book was released on 1997-10-01 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "One doesn't have to be a panjandrum of Communications to realize that television does something to us," Michael Arlen (former TV critic of The New Yorker) writes in the Introduction to Living-Room War. He continues, "Television has a transforming effect on events. It has a transforming effect on the people who watch the transformed events-it's just hard to know what that is." Living-Room War is Arlen's valiant-and entertaining-attempt to figure out exactly what exactly television does to us. This timeless collection of essays provides a poetic look at 1960s television culture, ranging from the Vietnam war to Captain Kangaroo, from the 1968 Democratic convention to televised sports.