Vitamin D Status and Bone Health Among Young Adult Women

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Vitamin D Status and Bone Health Among Young Adult Women by : Caroline Stone

Download or read book Vitamin D Status and Bone Health Among Young Adult Women written by Caroline Stone and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Osteoporosis is estimated to affect 200 million women in the world, affecting 10% of women aged 60, 20% of women aged 70, 40% of women aged 80 and 67% of women aged 90. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone density and increases the risk for fractured bones; however, it may be prevented with modifiable factors such as supplements, diet, and physical activity. Vitamin D deficiency leads to bone mineral density loss, as Vitamin D3 is responsible for calcium absorption into the bones. Bone consolidation is believed to occur between 20 and 30 years old; thus, attaining peak bone mass is critical during pre-menopause. Methods: The relationship between vitamin D and bone mineral density has predominately been studied in postmenopausal populations. Therefore, we examined this association among 18-30 year old participants (n=271) in the cross-sectional UMass Vitamin D Status Study. The modified version of the Harvard Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to assess the average intake of vitamin D foods and supplements. Serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations were assayed from blood samples. Bone mineral content and bone area were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. Bone mineral content (BMC), as measured in grams, provides a measure of bone mass. Bone area (BA), as measured in cm2, reflects a two-dimensional area, which is characterized by the periphery of a bone region. We used multivariable linear regression to model the relationship between bone mineral density and bone area with sources of vitamin D after adjusting for dietary and lifestyle factors. Results: In the present study, the mean and standard deviation of vitamin D is 372.7 IU and 285.8 IU, respectively. For vitamin D from supplements, the mean is 140.9 IU with a standard deviation of 232.3 IU. Finally, for vitamin D from food, the mean is 231.8 IU with a standard deviation of 182.0 IU. Compared to reference values of 600 IU, these data are below the recommended daily allowance. We did not observe an association between total vitamin D or vitamin D from foods sources with either BMC or BA. We also did not observe an association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and BMC or BA. Conclusion: Future studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate this association among young premenopausal women.

Bone Health and Osteoporosis

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781410219275
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Bone Health and Osteoporosis by : United States Public Health Service

Download or read book Bone Health and Osteoporosis written by United States Public Health Service and published by . This book was released on 2004-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first-ever Surgeon General's Report on bone health and osteoporosis illustrates the large burden that bone disease places on our Nation and its citizens. Like other chronic diseases that disproportionately affect the elderly, the prevalence of bone disease and fractures is projected to increase markedly as the population ages. If these predictions come true, bone disease and fractures will have a tremendous negative impact on the future well-being of Americans. But as this report makes clear, they need not come true: by working together we can change the picture of aging in America. Osteoporosis, fractures, and other chronic diseases no longer should be thought of as an inevitable part of growing old. By focusing on prevention and lifestyle changes, including physical activity and nutrition, as well as early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, Americans can avoid much of the damaging impact of bone disease and other chronic diseases. This Surgeon General's Report brings together for the first time the scientific evidence related to the prevention, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of bone disease. More importantly, it provides a framework for moving forward. The report will be another effective tool in educating Americans about how they can promote bone health throughout their lives. This first-ever Surgeon General's Report on bone health and osteoporosis provides much needed information on bone health, an often overlooked aspect of physical health. This report follows in the tradition of previous Surgeon Generals' reports by identifying the relevant scientific data, rigorously evaluating and summarizing the evidence, and determining conclusions.

Effectiveness and Safety of Vitamin D in Relation to Bone Health

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Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781499500363
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Effectiveness and Safety of Vitamin D in Relation to Bone Health by : U. S. Department Human Services

Download or read book Effectiveness and Safety of Vitamin D in Relation to Bone Health written by U. S. Department Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-05-09 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The University of Ottawa Evidence-based Practice Center (UO-EPC) reviewed and synthesized the published literature on five key questions. 1. Are specific circulating concentrations of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) associated with bone health outcomes in: A. Children: rickets, bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), fractures, or parathyroid hormone (PTH)? B. Women of reproductive age (including pregnant and lactating women): BMD, calcaneal ultrasound, fractures, PTH? C. Elderly men and postmenopausal women: BMD, fractures, falls? 2. Do food fortification, sun exposure, and/or vitamin D supplementation affect circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D? 3. What is the evidence regarding the effect of supplemental doses of vitamin D on bone mineral density and fracture or fall risk and does this vary with age groups, ethnicity, body mass index or geography? 4. Is there a level of sunlight exposure that is sufficient to maintain adequate vitamin D levels but does not increase the risk of non-melanoma or melanoma skin cancer? 5. Does intake of vitamin D above current reference intakes lead to toxicities (e.g., hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and calcification of soft tissue or major organs)? Osteoporosis-related fractures constitute an important socio-economic burden. The burden of fractures is expected to increase over the next two decades, with an expanding aging population. Effective treatment strategies that can be implemented on a population level are needed to decrease the burden of osteoporosis. Classical actions of vitamin D include the regulation of calcium homeostasis and the development and maintenance of the skeleton. Vitamin D's major biologic function is to maintain serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations within the normal range by enhancing intestinal absorption of calcium and release of calcium and phosphorus from bone. Low vitamin D status has been associated with the development of rickets and osteomalacia, and has been considered to lead to bone loss, fractures and falls. Vitamin D also has non-calciotropic autocrine and paracrine functions, for example, in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation. The enzyme 1-alpha hydroxylase is present in many tissues in addition to the kidney, resulting in extra-renal production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. There is also emerging evidence for immunomodulatory and anti-infective properties of vitamin D. The increased suggestions of nutritional vitamin D insufficiency in the general population and the potential impact of vitamin D status on bone health and chronic health conditions have highlighted the need to reassess current vitamin D reference intakes. Over the last few years, a number of large randomized trials have evaluated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on fractures, falls and harms. A systematic review was conducted to synthesize the most recent evidence and address the above questions.

Nutrition and Bone Health

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493920014
Total Pages : 737 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis Nutrition and Bone Health by : Michael F. Holick

Download or read book Nutrition and Bone Health written by Michael F. Holick and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-13 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This newly revised edition contains updated versions of all of the topics that were in the first edition and has been substantially expanded with an additional 5 chapters. Each chapter includes information from the most up-to-date research on how nutritional factors can affect bone health, written with an evidence-based focus and complete with comprehensive references for each subject. Nutrition and Bone Health, second edition covers all aspects of nutrition and the skeleton, from the history and fundamentals, to the effects of macronutrients, minerals, vitamins, and supplements, and even covers the effects of lifestyle, the different life stages, and nutrition-related disorders and secondary osteoporosis. New chapters include HIV & AIDs and the skeleton, celiac disease and bone health, and nutrition and bone health in space. Nutrition and Bone Health, second edition is a necessary resource for health care professionals, medical students, graduate students, dietitians, and nutritionists who are interested in how nutrition affects bone health during all stages of life.

Vitamin D

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783642813085
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Vitamin D by : H.F. DeLuca

Download or read book Vitamin D written by H.F. DeLuca and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-12-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because diseases of the bone are often less acute and less lifethreatening than dis eases of the circulatory system, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, liver, and the nervous system, they have received a disproportionately smaller amount of attention in the medical world. With the average increasing life span of man as a result of improve ments in modern medicine, espe~ially in the pediatric field, the seriousness of many metabolic bone diseases has indeed become more obvious. In addition, other improvements in medicine, such as hemodialysis for the preservation of renal failure patients, have permitted the development of other consequences of diseased kidneys, one of which is the appearance of renal osteodystrophy. Finally, the appearance of several genetic disorders in the area of metabolic bone disease has been underscored by the solution of other pediatric diseas~s of much more serious consequences. These emerging problems all suggest that much remains to be learned concerning the sys temic control of bone, both as a structural organ and as a reservoir for the important elements of calcium and phosphorus so essential for the support of life in complex multicellular organisms of which man is the most important. As will be demonstrated in the historical portion of this manuscript, the existence of the three most important humoral factors regulating bone metabolism and func tion are now known.

Calcium-regulating Hormones

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ISBN 13 : 9783805553728
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (537 download)

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Book Synopsis Calcium-regulating Hormones by : Hirotoshi Morii

Download or read book Calcium-regulating Hormones written by Hirotoshi Morii and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook of vitamin D in human health

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9086867650
Total Pages : 715 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (868 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of vitamin D in human health by : Ronald Ross Watson

Download or read book Handbook of vitamin D in human health written by Ronald Ross Watson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-06-03 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research and clinical application of vitamin D has increased dramatically over the past decade stimulated by novel health promotion discoveries and documentation. This book brings together key researchers with their views focusing on the health promotion role of vitamin D. Such information is vital to clinicians, users of vitamin D supplements of all ages and those interested in public policy. The authors document and define many of the key health related roles of vitamin D. Its traditional application in bone and muscle health as well as therapy of arthritis is expanded and clarified with new research. A better understanding of the effects of vitamin D inadequacy is modelled using problems ranging from infant growth retardation to chronic kidney and periodontal disease. Uniquely the vitamin?s role in resistance and treatment of infectious diseases is shown in examples ranging from HIV/AIDS to tuberculosis. Mechanistic understanding of vitamin D's actions is enhanced by looking into its effects on immune modulation and inflammation. Expansion of the role of sunlight in stimulating vitamin D production is discussed relative to the reduction in a variety of cancers. Clearly vitamin D is like a two edged sword with great benefits but also some risks. This book provides carefully defined examples of both situations.

A Health Education Module on Osteoporosis for Young Adult Females

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis A Health Education Module on Osteoporosis for Young Adult Females by : Katherine A. Gravlin

Download or read book A Health Education Module on Osteoporosis for Young Adult Females written by Katherine A. Gravlin and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309064031
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-10-17 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1941, Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) has been recognized as the most authoritative source of information on nutrient levels for healthy people. Since publication of the 10th edition in 1989, there has been rising awareness of the impact of nutrition on chronic disease. In light of new research findings and a growing public focus on nutrition and health, the expert panel responsible for formulation RDAs reviewed and expanded its approachâ€"the result: Dietary Reference Intakes. This new series of references greatly extends the scope and application of previous nutrient guidelines. For each nutrient the book presents what is known about how the nutrient functions in the human body, what the best method is to determine its requirements, which factors (caffeine or exercise, for example) may affect how it works, and how the nutrient may be related to chronic disease. The first volume of Dietary Reference Intakes includes calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride. The second book in the series presents information about thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline. Based on analysis of nutrient metabolism in humans and data on intakes in the U.S. population, the committee recommends intakes for each age groupâ€"from the first days of life through childhood, sexual maturity, midlife, and the later years. Recommendations for pregnancy and lactation also are made, and the book identifies when intake of a nutrient may be too much. Representing a new paradigm for the nutrition community, Dietary Reference Intakes encompasses: Estimated Average Requirements (EARs). These are used to set Recommended Dietary Allowances. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs). Intakes that meet the RDA are likely to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all individuals in a life-stage and gender group. Adequate Intakes (AIs). These are used instead of RDAs when an EAR cannot be calculated. Both the RDA and the AI may be used as goals for individual intake. Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs). Intakes below the UL are unlikely to pose risks of adverse health effects in healthy people. This new framework encompasses both essential nutrients and other food components thought to pay a role in health, such as dietary fiber. It incorporates functional endpoints and examines the relationship between dose and response in determining adequacy and the hazards of excess intake for each nutrient.

Fractures in Sport

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030720365
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Fractures in Sport by : Greg A. J. Robertson

Download or read book Fractures in Sport written by Greg A. J. Robertson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-29 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides a practically applicable sport-centred guide to fracture management for athletes. It features extensive evidence-based guidance on how fracture management can be adapted in athletic patients, to facilitate an accelerated return to sport. Descriptions of a variety of both acute and stress fracture types are included, covering both the appendicular and axial skeleton, in locations such as the shoulder, knee, ankle and spine. Throughout the book, the focus is on enabling the reader to develop a deeper understanding of the ideal management principles that are available for managing fractures in high-functioning patients. Fractures in Sport comprehensively covers the available strategies for managing fractures in professional and amateur athletes, and is ideal for use by practising and trainee orthopaedic surgeons, sports physicians, and general practitioners.

Dietary Reference Values for Food Energy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Dietary Reference Values for Food Energy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom by : Great Britain. Panel on Dietary Reference Values

Download or read book Dietary Reference Values for Food Energy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom written by Great Britain. Panel on Dietary Reference Values and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A summary of this report is also available (ISBN 0113213964)

Prevention and Management of Osteoporosis

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Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241209216
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (412 download)

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Book Synopsis Prevention and Management of Osteoporosis by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Prevention and Management of Osteoporosis written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2003-12-31 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bone is hard tissue that is in a constant state of flux being built up by bone-forming cells called osteoblasts while also being broken down or resorbed by cells known as osteoclasts. During childhood and adolescence bone formation is dominant; bone length and girth increase with age ending at early adulthood when peak bone mass is attained. Males generally exhibit a longer growth period resulting in bones of greater size and overall strength. In males after the age of 20 bone resorbtion becomes predominant and bone mineral content declines about 4% per decade. Females tend to maintain peak mineral content until menopause at which time it declines about 15% per decade. Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue leading to bone fragility and an increased susceptibility to fractures especially of the hip spine and wrist. Osteoporosis occurs primarily as a result of normal ageing but can arise as a result of impaired development of peak bone mass (e.g. due to delayed puberty or undernutrition) or excessive bone loss during adulthood (e.g. due to estrogen deficiency in women undernutrition or corticosteriod use). Osteoporosis-induced fractures cause a great burden to society. Hip fractures are the most serious as they nearly always result in hospitalization are fatal about 20% of the time and produce permanent disability about half the time. Fracture rates increase rapidly with age and the lifetime risk of fracture in 50 year-old women is about 40% similar to that for coronary heart disease. In 1990 there were 1.7 million hip fractures alone worldwide; with changes in population demographics this figure is expected to rise to 6 million by 2050. To help describe the nature and consequences of osteoporosis as well as strategies for its prevention and management a WHO Scientific Group meeting of international experts was held in Geneva which resulted in this technical report. This monograph describes in detail normal bone development and the causes and risk factors for developing osteoporosis. The burden of osteoporosis is characterized in terms of mortality morbidity and economic costs. Methods for its prevention and treatment are discussed in detail for both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. For each approach the strength of the scientific evidence is listed. The report also provides cost-analysis information for potential interventions and discusses important aspects of developing national policies to deal with osteoporosis. Recommendations are made to the general population care providers health administrators and researchers. Lastly national organizations and support groups are listed by country.

Women and Health

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Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241563850
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis Women and Health by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Women and Health written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2009 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report reviews evidence on the health issues that particularly affect girls and women throughout their life course."--Foreword

Osteoporosis in Men

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080923461
Total Pages : 764 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Osteoporosis in Men by : Eric S. Orwoll

Download or read book Osteoporosis in Men written by Eric S. Orwoll and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-11-30 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the first edition, the U.S. Surgeon General released the first-ever report on bone health and osteoporosis in October 2004. This report focuses even more attention on the devastating impact osteoporosis has on millions of lives. According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, 2 million American men have osteoporosis, and another 12 million are at risk for this disease. Yet despite the large number of men affected, the lack of awareness by doctors and their patients puts men at a higher risk that the condition may go undiagnosed and untreated. It is estimated that one-fifth to one-third of all hip fractures occur in men. This second edition brings on board John Bilezikian and Dirk Vanderschueren as editors with Eric Orwoll. The table of contents is more than doubling with 58 planned chapters. The format is larger – 8.5 x 11. This edition of Osteoporosis in Men brings together even more eminent investigators and clinicians to interpret developments in this growing field, and describe state-of-the-art research as well as practical approaches to diagnosis, prevention and therapy. - Brings together more eminent investigators and clinicians to interpret developments in this growing field - Describes state-of-the-art research as well as practical approaches to diagnosis, prevention and therapy - There is no book on the market that covers osteoporosis in men as comprehensively as this book

Vitamin D

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475728611
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Vitamin D by : Michael F. Holick

Download or read book Vitamin D written by Michael F. Holick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nutrition and Health series of books has as an overriding mission to provide health professionals with texts that are considered essential because each includes: a synthesis of the state of the science; timely, in-depth reviews by the leading researchers in their respective fields; extensive, up-to-date fully annotated reference lists; a detailed index; relevant tables and figures; identification of paradigm shifts and the consequences; of information between chapters, but targeted, inter-chapter refer virtually no overlap rals, suggestions of areas for future research; and balanced, data-driven answers to patient questions that are based on the totality of evidence rather than the findings of any single study. The series volumes are not the outcome of a symposium. Rather, each editor has the potential to examine a chosen area with a broad perspective, both in subject matter as well as in the choice of chapter authors. The international perspective, especially with regard to public health initiatives, is emphasized where appropriate. The editors, whose training is both research and practice oriented, have the opportunity to develop a primary objective for their book, define the scope and focus, and then invite the leading authori ties from around the world to be part of their initiative. The authors are encouraged to provide an overview of the field, discuss their own research, and relate the research de findings to potential human health consequences.

Influence of Hormonal Contraceptives and Vitamin D Status on Bone Health in College-aged Women

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (858 download)

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Book Synopsis Influence of Hormonal Contraceptives and Vitamin D Status on Bone Health in College-aged Women by : Pragya Sharma-Ghimire

Download or read book Influence of Hormonal Contraceptives and Vitamin D Status on Bone Health in College-aged Women written by Pragya Sharma-Ghimire and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Sunshine and Vitamin D

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Publisher : Basic Health Publications, Inc.
ISBN 13 : 9781591202509
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (25 download)

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Book Synopsis Sunshine and Vitamin D by : Frank Murray

Download or read book Sunshine and Vitamin D written by Frank Murray and published by Basic Health Publications, Inc.. This book was released on 2008 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foodborne pathogens enter the body through the intestinal tract where they cause temporary upsets. However, if they go from the intestinal tract into the bloodstream, they can invade other organs, systems, and structures, where they inflict damage such as some forms of heart disease, arthritis, and cancer. This book discusses the rising incidence of foodborne illness, and suggests ways in which the food regulators, and we, the consumers, can achieve a safer food supply.