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Victims In The War On Crime
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Book Synopsis Victims in the War on Crime by : Markus Dirk Dubber
Download or read book Victims in the War on Crime written by Markus Dirk Dubber and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to provide a critical analysis of the role of victims in the criminal justice system as a whole. It also breaks new ground in focusing not only on the victims of crime, but also on those of the war on victimless crime.
Book Synopsis The Feminist War on Crime by : Aya Gruber
Download or read book The Feminist War on Crime written by Aya Gruber and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2020-05-26 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many feminists grapple with the problem of hyper-incarceration in the United States, and yet commentators on gender crime continue to assert that criminal law is not tough enough. This punitive impulse, prominent legal scholar Aya Gruber argues, is dangerous and counterproductive. In their quest to secure women’s protection from domestic violence and rape, American feminists have become soldiers in the war on crime by emphasizing white female victimhood, expanding the power of police and prosecutors, touting the problem-solving power of incarceration, and diverting resources toward law enforcement and away from marginalized communities. Deploying vivid cases and unflinching analysis, The Feminist War on Crime documents the failure of the state to combat sexual and domestic violence through law and punishment. Zero-tolerance anti-violence law and policy tend to make women less safe and more fragile. Mandatory arrests, no-drop prosecutions, forced separation, and incarceration embroil poor women of color in a criminal justice system that is historically hostile to them. This carceral approach exacerbates social inequalities by diverting more power and resources toward a fundamentally flawed criminal justice system, further harming victims, perpetrators, and communities alike. In order to reverse this troubling course, Gruber contends that we must abandon the conventional feminist wisdom, fight violence against women without reinforcing the American prison state, and use criminalization as a technique of last—not first—resort.
Book Synopsis Reparations for Victims of Genocide, War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity by : Carla Ferstman
Download or read book Reparations for Victims of Genocide, War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity written by Carla Ferstman and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2009 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides detailed analyses of systems that have been established to provide reparations to victims of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, and the way in which these systems have worked and are working in practice. Many of these systems are described and assessed for the first time in an academic publication. The publication draws upon a groundbreaking Conference organised by the Clemens Nathan Research Centre (CNRC) and REDRESS at the Peace Palace in The Hague, with the support of the Dutch Carnegie Foundation. Both CNRC and REDRESS had become very concerned about the extreme difficulty encountered by most victims of serious international crimes in attempting to access effective and enforceable remedies and reparation for harm suffered. In discussions between the Conference organisers and Judges and officials of the International Criminal Court, it became ever more apparent that there was a great need for frank and open exchanges on the question of effective reparation, between the representatives of victims, of NGOs and IGOs, and other experts. It was clear to all that the many current initiatives of governments and regional and international institutions to afford reparations to victims of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes could benefit greatly by taking into full account the wide and varied practice that had been built up over several decades. In particular, the Hague Conference sought to consider in detail the long experience of the Conference on Jewish Material Claims against Germany (the Claims Conference) in respect of Holocaust restitution programmes, as well as the practice of truth commissions, arbitral proceedings and a variety of national processes to identify common trends, best practices and lessons. This book thus explores the actions of governments, as well as of national and international courts and commissions in applying, processing, implementing and enforcing a variety of reparations schemes and awards. Crucially, it considers the entire complex of issues from the perspective of the beneficiaries - survivors and their communities - and from the perspective of the policy-makers and implementers tasked with resolving technical and procedural challenges in bringing to fruition adequate, effective and meaningful reparations in the context of mass victimisation.
Download or read book Victims Still written by Robert Elias and published by SAGE. This book was released on 1993-04-19 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1980s saw official crime policy in the United States shifting its focus from crime and criminals to victimization and victims. In this thought-provoking book, Robert Elias evaluates the effectiveness of this shift in policy and argues that victims have been politically manipulated for official objectives. From a thorough examination of victim legislation, get-tough crime policies, media crime coverage, the victim movement, and the wars on crime and drugs, Elias concludes that little victim support has actually occurred and that victimization is, in fact, escalating. He argues for a change in the structural sources of crime and proposes a `new culture' that could lead to substantially less crime.
Book Synopsis Victims of Crime by : Robert C. Davis
Download or read book Victims of Crime written by Robert C. Davis and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2013 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition includes newly contributed and updated articles utilizing the latest research and studies in the areas of violence, abuse, and victims' rights from experts in the field. It has a stronger focus on emerging issues and policies in the field of victimology than other comparable texts. It utilizes the latest research and studies in the areas of violence, abuse, and victims, rights. It focuses on the emerging issues and policies in the fields of victim rights and crime prevention. New 3 Part organization with the more common victimizing crimes first, followed by responses to victimizations, and then newer issues and types of victimizations in Part 3. There is a new chapters on human trafficking and cyber crime. There is a major expansion of the human services response and school victimizations. It is updated throughout with new data and research.
Book Synopsis Victims of International Crimes: An Interdisciplinary Discourse by : Thorsten Bonacker
Download or read book Victims of International Crimes: An Interdisciplinary Discourse written by Thorsten Bonacker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-09 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In international law victims' issues have gained more and more attention over the last decades. In particular in transitional justice processes the victim is being given high priority. It is to be seen in this context that the Rome Statute for the International Criminal Court foresees a rather excessive victim participation concept in criminal prosecution. In this volume issue is taken at first with the definition of victims, and secondly with the role of the victim as a witness and as a participant. Several chapters address this matter with a view to the International Criminal Court (ICC), the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) and the Trial against Demjanjuk in Germany. In a third part the interests of the victims outside the criminal trial are being discussed. In the final part the role of civil society actors are being tackled. This volume thus gives an overview of the role of victims in transitional justice processes from an interdisciplinary angle, combining academic research and practical experience.
Book Synopsis Victims in the War on Crime by : Markus Dirk Dubber
Download or read book Victims in the War on Crime written by Markus Dirk Dubber and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two phenomena have shaped American criminal law for the past thirty years: the war on crime and the victims' rights movement. As incapacitation has replaced rehabilitation as the dominant ideology of punishment, reflecting a shift from an identification with defendants to an identification with victims, the war on crime has victimized offenders and victims alike. What we need instead, Dubber argues, is a system which adequately recognizes both victims and defendants as persons. Victims in the War on Crime is the first book to provide a critical analysis of the role of victims in the criminal justice system as a whole. It also breaks new ground in focusing not only on the victims of crime, but also on those of the war on victimless crime. After first offering an original critique of the American penal system in the age of the crime war, Dubber undertakes an incisive comparative reading of American criminal law and the law of crime victim compensation, culminating in a wide-ranging revision that takes victims seriously, and offenders as well. Dubber here salvages the project of vindicating victims' rights for its own sake, rather than as a weapon in the war against criminals. Uncovering the legitimate core of the victims' rights movement from underneath existing layers of bellicose rhetoric, he demonstrates how victims' rights can help us build a system of American criminal justice after the frenzy of the war on crime has died down.
Book Synopsis From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime by : Elizabeth Hinton
Download or read book From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime written by Elizabeth Hinton and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-02 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Co-Winner of the Thomas J. Wilson Memorial Prize A New York Times Notable Book of the Year A New York Times Book Review Editors’ Choice A Wall Street Journal Favorite Book of the Year A Choice Outstanding Academic Title of the Year A Publishers Weekly Favorite Book of the Year In the United States today, one in every thirty-one adults is under some form of penal control, including one in eleven African American men. How did the “land of the free” become the home of the world’s largest prison system? Challenging the belief that America’s prison problem originated with the Reagan administration’s War on Drugs, Elizabeth Hinton traces the rise of mass incarceration to an ironic source: the social welfare programs of Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society at the height of the civil rights era. “An extraordinary and important new book.” —Jill Lepore, New Yorker “Hinton’s book is more than an argument; it is a revelation...There are moments that will make your skin crawl...This is history, but the implications for today are striking. Readers will learn how the militarization of the police that we’ve witnessed in Ferguson and elsewhere had roots in the 1960s.” —Imani Perry, New York Times Book Review
Book Synopsis Support For Victims of War Crimes in Ukraine by : Vadym Chovgan
Download or read book Support For Victims of War Crimes in Ukraine written by Vadym Chovgan and published by Vadym Chovgan. This book was released on 2022-09-07 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors of this report were asked to scope and identify what impact the Ukrainian Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) could have in the war crimes space, namely assistance for victims, advocacy and public outreach, and what if any guidance the international NGOs could provide. The vibrancy of the Ukrainian CSOs is highlighted in the fact that over one hundred CSOs signed the Civil Society Manifesto (Lugano Declaration) in June 2022 as part of an agreement on common principles and a framework for the future. Wherever possible, the work of CSOs should complement that of the state mechanisms, ensuring that all evidence collected under the auspices of war crimes is admissible and the investigation process is not jeopardised. The needs of war crime survivors need to be better understood within the criminal justice system and the diverse work of CSOs needs to be better understood and coordinated to ensure best practice is achieved and maintained, and coordination improved. The extent to which a stigma attached to CRSV victims by society exists needs to be understood and, if present reduced, and women’s rights groups must be strengthened along with awareness campaigns of health care, legal services and public outreach. Pertinent to this report is the fact that there are many different themes and focuses in war crimes, for example, documentation, investigation, legal, perpetrators of war crimes, support of victims of war crimes and CRSV, their families and survivors, and also different types of war crimes, e.g., CRSV, forced displacement of people and children, cultural heritage destruction, etc. In conducting this report, in such a short space of time efforts were made to widen the gamut beyond investigations solely with a view to providing a report that includes: 1. A situation report of the key CSO players and stakeholders currently engaged in War Crimes investigations through to trial process. 2. An overview of the impact of CRSV on victims and witnesses in Ukraine, a clear assessment of the needs of those impacted by CRSV, and whether those needs are being sufficiently met 3. Identification of the key gaps and requirements to support victims and witnesses of war crimes in Ukraine 4. A range of practical support and interventions that would add value to the combined efforts for HMG to consider. The Inception Phase included desk-based research and interviews with Ukrainian and international actors operating in the areas of victim support (rather than accountability and investigations) including, but not limited to: · Victim and Witness services · Non-Government Organisations · Civil Society Organisations · Defence Lawyers (who are representing victims and families) · Media outlets and sources · Police and War Crime Investigators (re victim and witness handling) · Office of the Prosecutor General (and Public Prosecutors) responsible for victim support · Judiciary (for oversight of witness interaction) National subject matter experts Vadym Chovgan and Eugene Krapyvin conducted real time, in-country engagement in conjunction with Optima’s Rule of Law expertise and experience to analyse the findings and identify practical interventions that provide both operational and diplomatic benefits. This was done through: 1. Stakeholder Analysis Produced through research and open-source intelligence, focused interviews, questionnaires, literature review and media search, the stakeholder analysis has identified a number of the key players and the headlines of who is doing what, where they are doing it, what the current scale of their activities, what is their plan for growth, what’s the demand and what’s stopping them from meeting that demand. 2. Best Practice Analysis The Best Practice Analysis has provided examples of Ukrainian and International best practice as well as highlighted the most significant challenges in Ukraine. International examples of best practice have been taken from a number of conflicts including Rwanda, Yugoslavia and Iraq. 3. Gap Analysis and recommendations The Gap Analysis has drawn together the information from the Stakeholder Analysis and the Best Practice Analysis to provide an overview of who’s doing what, where and where there are gaps.
Book Synopsis Governing Through Crime by : Jonathan Simon
Download or read book Governing Through Crime written by Jonathan Simon and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-02-03 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across America today gated communities sprawl out from urban centers, employers enforce mandatory drug testing, and schools screen students with metal detectors. Social problems ranging from welfare dependency to educational inequality have been reconceptualized as crimes, with an attendant focus on assigning fault and imposing consequences. Even before the recent terrorist attacks, non-citizen residents had become subject to an increasingly harsh regime of detention and deportation, and prospective employees subjected to background checks. How and when did our everyday world become dominated by fear, every citizen treated as a potential criminal?In this startlingly original work, Jonathan Simon traces this pattern back to the collapse of the New Deal approach to governing during the 1960s when declining confidence in expert-guided government policies sent political leaders searching for new models of governance. The War on Crime offered a ready solution to their problem: politicians set agendas by drawing analogies to crime and redefined the ideal citizen as a crime victim, one whose vulnerabilities opened the door to overweening government intervention. By the 1980s, this transformation of the core powers of government had spilled over into the institutions that govern daily life. Soon our schools, our families, our workplaces, and our residential communities were being governed through crime.This powerful work concludes with a call for passive citizens to become engaged partners in the management of risk and the treatment of social ills. Only by coming together to produce security, can we free ourselves from a logic of domination by others, and from the fear that currently rules our everyday life.
Book Synopsis The War on Cops by : Heather Mac Donald
Download or read book The War on Cops written by Heather Mac Donald and published by Encounter Books. This book was released on 2016-06-21 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violent crime has been rising sharply in many American cities after two decades of decline. Homicides jumped nearly 17 percent in 2015 in the largest 50 cities, the biggest one-year increase since 1993. The reason is what Heather Mac Donald first identified nationally as the “Ferguson effect”: Since the 2014 police shooting death of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, officers have been backing off of proactive policing, and criminals are becoming emboldened. This book expands on Mac Donald’s groundbreaking and controversial reporting on the Ferguson effect and the criminal-justice system. It deconstructs the central narrative of the Black Lives Matter movement: that racist cops are the greatest threat to young black males. On the contrary, it is criminals and gangbangers who are responsible for the high black homicide death rate. The War on Cops exposes the truth about officer use of force and explodes the conceit of “mass incarceration.” A rigorous analysis of data shows that crime, not race, drives police actions and prison rates. The growth of proactive policing in the 1990s, along with lengthened sentences for violent crime, saved thousands of minority lives. In fact, Mac Donald argues, no government agency is more dedicated to the proposition that “black lives matter” than today’s data-driven, accountable police department. Mac Donald gives voice to the many residents of high-crime neighborhoods who want proactive policing. She warns that race-based attacks on the criminal-justice system, from the White House on down, are eroding the authority of law and putting lives at risk. This book is a call for a more honest and informed debate about policing, crime, and race.
Book Synopsis Children of the Benares by : Ralph Barker
Download or read book Children of the Benares written by Ralph Barker and published by . This book was released on 2003-11-01 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 by : United States
Download or read book Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 written by United States and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Victims' Rights and Advocacy at the International Criminal Court by : T. Markus Funk
Download or read book Victims' Rights and Advocacy at the International Criminal Court written by T. Markus Funk and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since World War II, there have been some 250 conflicts throughout the world, leaving between 70-170 million atrocity crime victims. Unlike diseases or natural disasters, the injuries and tragedies of war are largely self-inflicted. Created in response to such outrages, the International Criminal Court (ICC) stands as the first and only permanent juridical body prosecuting genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. Victims' Rights and Advocacy at the International Criminal Court introduces readers to the most significant restorative feature of the ICC's procedure: direct victim participation in war crime trials. Under this new model, the ICC has given victims a voice to speak out against their abusers. T. Markus Funk presents the first comprehensive guidance on this innovative dynamic, analyzing not just the procedural rules that apply, but also the practical problems in advocating for victims before the ICC. In the process, Funk provides an overview of ICC trial procedure, a candid assessment of the performance of the ICC and its predecessor tribunals, and a guide to the development of victims' rights under international law. Not only does he identify areas needing reform and reconsideration, but he also provides readers with concrete solutions. Funk, an experienced federal prosecutor and law professor who has advised prosecutors and judges at criminal tribunals as the U.S. Justice Department's Resident Legal Advisor for Kosovo, draws on that experience to suggest ways in which the ICC can improve the lot of victims of the world's worst crimes. This second edition provides a detailed analysis of the newly recognized right of victims to participate in the trials of their accused abusers. The author guides the reader through this unique, controversial body of procedural and substantive rights for victims of atrocity crimes, and discusses how to qualify as Legal Counsel for Victims, and how to seek Reparations. In addition, the author provides updated caselaw and other information to reflect the ICC's current position on victim involvement and related procedure as well as text to show how these changes in the law affect ICC procedure and advocacy.
Book Synopsis Atrocities on Trial by : Patricia Heberer
Download or read book Atrocities on Trial written by Patricia Heberer and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2008-04-01 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These essays are organised into four sections, dealing with the history of war crime trials from Weimar Germany to just after World War II, the sometimes diverging Allied attempts to come to terms with the Nazi concentration camp system, the ability of postwar societies to confront war crimes of the past and the legacy of war crime trials.
Book Synopsis Female Victims of Crime by : Venessa Garcia
Download or read book Female Victims of Crime written by Venessa Garcia and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking a sociological approach, this reader addresses the diverse array of crimes against women and offers a compilation of research on this often minimized topic. Rich in conceptualization and theory, these readings tackle topics from the victimrsquo;s perspective and include media images, legal analysis, and official statistics. Material is presented within historical, legal, and social contexts so readers get a comprehensive understanding of female victimization. Throughout the collection, the causes of female victimization are examined, the responses from the criminal justice system are considered and the consequences for society are revealed.
Download or read book Random Violence written by Joel Best and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1999-03-02 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A major contribution to the literature on social problems, crime, and social deviance, and a fine example of what is currently the best-established theoretical approach to this material. It is laudably interdisciplinary, draws admirably from 'high' and 'low' culture, and over all asks some very challenging questions."—Philip Jenkins, Pennsylvania State University "Random Violence extends the growing scholarly literature on the social construction of social problems by showing us how currently trendy folk knowledge obscures the most perplexing problems in American society and how it serves to foster a climate of social distrust."—Donileen Loeske, University of South Florida
