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Vers Une Modelisation Hydrologique Adaptee A Levaluation Des Pollution Diffuses
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Book Synopsis VERS UNE MODELISATION HYDROLOGIQUE ADAPTEE A L'EVALUATION DES POLLUTIONS DIFFUSES by : Nadia Carluer
Download or read book VERS UNE MODELISATION HYDROLOGIQUE ADAPTEE A L'EVALUATION DES POLLUTIONS DIFFUSES written by Nadia Carluer and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LA PRESENCE DE PRODUITS PHYTOSANITAIRES DANS LES EAUX DE SURFACE A DES CONCENTRATIONS PARFOIS SUPERIEURES AUX SEUILS IMPOSES PAR LA COMMUNAUTE EUROPEENNE INCITE A DEVELOPPER DES OUTILS DE MODELISATION PERMETTANT DE JUGER DU DEGRE DE CONTAMINATION D'UN BASSIN VERSANT, ET DE PROPOSER DES SOLUTIONS PERTINENTES. COMPTE TENU DE LA COMPLEXITE ET DE LA FORTE NON LINEARITE DES PHENOMENES AUXQUELS SONT SOUMIS LES PRODUITS PHYTOSANITAIRES, IL EST SOUHAITABLE DE DECOUPLER L'ETUDE DE CES PHENOMENES DE CELLE DU TRANSFERT DE L'EAU, ET DE S'ATTACHER DANS UN PREMIER TEMPS AUX COMPOSANTES RAPIDES DE L'ECOULEMENT. POUR UN BASSIN RURAL ET BOCAGER COMME CELUI SUR LEQUEL A PORTE LE TRAVAIL, CELA IMPLIQUE DE REPRESENTER EXPLICITEMENT LE ROLE DU RESEAU ANTHROPIQUE DE FOSSES, TALUS ET ROUTES QUI SILLONNE LE BASSIN, ET DE RENDRE COMPTE DES SPECIFICITES DES SOLS LABOURES. LE MODELE A BASE PHYSIQUE DISTRIBUE TOPOG, DONT LE MAILLAGE PERMET LA REPRESENTATION IMPLICITE DES ZONES CONVERGENTES ET DIVERGENTES, A ETE ADAPTE EN CE SENS. L'APPLICATION DE MODELES ADAPTES A PERMIS L'ACQUISITION D'ORDRES DE GRANDEUR THEORIQUES SUR LE ROLE DES FOSSES DANS UNE PENTE ET SUR LES TEMPS DE TRANSFERT DANS LE RESEAU ANTHROPIQUE. CES ESTIMATIONS ONT SERVI DE BASE A LA REPRESENTATION CHOISIE POUR LE ROLE DES ELEMENTS DU RESEAU ANTHROPIQUE SUR LES ECOULEMENTS, ET A LA PROGRAMMATION QUI A SUIVI. LE MODELE OBTENU A ETE APPLIQUE AU BASSIN VERSANT DE NAIZIN (MORBIHAN). L'ANALYSE DE TERRAIN A PERMIS DE CARACTERISER LE BASSIN ET SON RESEAU ANTHROPIQUE, PAR DES CRITERES TANT TOPOGRAPHIQUES QUE TOPOLOGIQUES (AIRE DRAINEE NOTAMMENT). IL N'A TOUTEFOIS PAS ETE POSSIBLE D'ETABLIR UNE TYPOLOGIE FONCTIONNELLE DES DIFFERENTS TYPES D'ELEMENTS DU RESEAU ANTHROPIQUE AU SEUL VU DE CES CRITERES. L'APPLICATION DU MODULE HYDROLOGIQUE A MONTRE LA CAPACITE DU MODELE A REPRESENTER UNE GRANDE GAMME DE PROCESSUS. LE CALAGE ABOUTIT A DES HYDROGRAMMES SATISFAISANTS, MAIS NE PERMET PAS DE TRANCHER QUANT AUX PROCESSUS DOMINANT LES ECOULEMENTS SUR LE BASSIN D'APPLICATION. CECI VIENT POUR PARTIE DU FAIT QUE LES DONNEES DISPONIBLES, BIEN QUE NOMBREUSES ET VARIEES, NE SONT PAS ADAPTEES A LA PROBLEMATIQUE. PLUS GENERALEMENT, IL SEMBLE ESSENTIEL DE CARACTERISER LE COMPORTEMENT DES COMPOSANTS DU SYSTEME QU'EST UN BASSIN VERSANT, ET NOTAMMENT CELUI DES SOLS, A UNE ECHELLE COMPATIBLE AVEC LA MODELISATION.
Book Synopsis Vers une modélisation hydrologique adaptée à l'évaluation des pollutions diffuses by : Nadia Carluer
Download or read book Vers une modélisation hydrologique adaptée à l'évaluation des pollutions diffuses written by Nadia Carluer and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La presence de produits phytosanitaires dans les eaux de surface a des concentrations parfois superieures aux seuils imposes par la communaute europeenne incite a developper des outils de modelisation permettant de juger du degre de contamination d'un bassin versant, et de proposer des solutions pertinentes. Compte tenu de la complexite et de la forte non linearite des phenomenes auxquels sont soumis les produits phytosanitaires, il est souhaitable de decoupler l'etude de ces phenomenes de celle du transfert de l'eau, et de s'attacher dans un premier temps aux composantes rapides de l'ecoulement. Pour un bassin rural et bocager comme celui sur lequel a porte le travail, cela implique de representer explicitement le role du reseau anthropique de fosses, talus et routes qui sillonne le bassin, et de rendre compte des specificites des sols laboures. Le modele a base physique distribue topog, dont le maillage permet la representation implicite des zones convergentes et divergentes, a ete adapte en ce sens. L'application de modeles adaptes a permis l'acquisition d'ordres de grandeur theoriques sur le role des fosses dans une pente et sur les temps de transfert dans le reseau anthropique. Ces estimations ont servi de base a la representation choisie pour le role des elements du reseau anthropique sur les ecoulements, et a la programmation qui a suivi. Le modele obtenu a ete applique au bassin versant de naizin (morbihan). L'analyse de terrain a permis de caracteriser le bassin et son reseau anthropique, par des criteres tant topographiques que topologiques (aire drainee notamment). Il n'a toutefois pas ete possible d'etablir une typologie fonctionnelle des differents types d'elements du reseau anthropique au seul vu de ces criteres. L'application du module hydrologique a montre la capacite du modele a representer une grande gamme de processus. Le calage aboutit a des hydrogrammes satisfaisants, mais ne permet pas de trancher quant aux processus dominant les ecoulements sur le bassin d'application. Ceci vient pour partie du fait que les donnees disponibles, bien que nombreuses et variees, ne sont pas adaptees a la problematique. Plus generalement, il semble essentiel de caracteriser le comportement des composants du systeme qu'est un bassin versant, et notamment celui des sols, a une echelle compatible avec la modelisation.
Book Synopsis Vers une modélisation hydrologique adaptée à l'évaluation des pollution diffuses by : Nadia Carluer
Download or read book Vers une modélisation hydrologique adaptée à l'évaluation des pollution diffuses written by Nadia Carluer and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design and evaluation of hydrological signatures for the diagnostic and improvement of a process-based distributed hydrological model by : Ivan Horner
Download or read book Design and evaluation of hydrological signatures for the diagnostic and improvement of a process-based distributed hydrological model written by Ivan Horner and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'évaluation des modèles hydrologiques est généralement basée sur des comparaisons des séries de débit observées et simulées à l'aide de critères de performance tels que le Nash-Sutcliffe Efficientcy. Bien que cette approach fournisse des mesures pertinentes de la performance prédictive d'un modèle, elle ne fournit que très peu d'informations sur les raisons d'une bonne ou d'une mauvaise performance. Gupta et al. (2008) ont proposé d'utiliser plutôt des signatures hydrologiques, des indicateurs qui caractérisent le comportement d'un bassin versant. Étant donné que les signatures hydrologiques peuvent être liées aux processus hydrologiques, la comparaison des signatures hydrologiques observées et simulées permet l'évaluation du modèle tout en offrant des diagnostics, i.e. des indications sur les processus hydrologiques qui y sont bien ou mal représentés.Dans cette thèse de doctorat, nous nous concentrons sur l'interprétation et le pouvoir diagnostique des signatures hydrologiques et comment celles-ci peuvent être utilisées pour guider l'amélioration d'un modèle distribué. Nous présentons la construction d'un jeu de signatures hydrologiques, utilisant uniquement des données largement disponibles - précipitations, débit et température de l'air - pour caractériser le fonctionnement hydrologique de 4 sous-bassins versants (Sud-Est de la France) et 10 bassins versants de montagne à influence nival (Southern Sierra, Californie, États-Unis). Des signatures hydrologiques existantes et des nouvelles sont sélectionnées et/ou développées. Collectivement, elles permettent de caractériser le comportement de bassins versants dans une grande variété de contextes hydro-climatiques. En nous concentrant sur les processus de neige, des mesures de neige supplémentaires nous permettent d'évaluer la pertinence des signatures hydrologiques dédiées aux processus nivaux. Par ailleurs, le modèle J2000 est déployé sur le bassin versant de l'Ardèche et une analyse de sensibilité est réalisée afin de comprendre comment les signatures hydrologiques sont liées aux paramètres du modèle. Cela nous permet de déterminer la façon dont elles doivent être interprétées dans le contexte du modèle J2000 de l'Ardèche et permet l'évaluation de leur pouvoir diagnostic. Enfin, en combinant les résultats de l'analyse de sensibilité avec des comparaisons entre signatures observées et simulées, nous entreprenons un diagnostic approfondi du modèle afin de dériver et tester des recommandations pour son amélioration. Nous identifions des déficiences du modèle, principalement liées au stockage de l'eau souterraine et des sols, mettant en évidence des problèmes de représentation spatiale des propriétés géologiques et pédologiques.
Book Synopsis REFLEXIONS SUR L'UTILITE DES MODELES MATHEMATIQUES DANS LA GESTION DE LA POLLUTION DIFFUSE D'ORIGINE AGRICOLE by : LUIZ AUGUSTO.. KAUARK LEITE
Download or read book REFLEXIONS SUR L'UTILITE DES MODELES MATHEMATIQUES DANS LA GESTION DE LA POLLUTION DIFFUSE D'ORIGINE AGRICOLE written by LUIZ AUGUSTO.. KAUARK LEITE and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LE PREMIER OBJECTIF DE CETTE ETUDE EST DE CONTRIBUER A L'EVALUATION DES DEUX APPROCHES, EMPIRIQUE ET CONCEPTUELLE, DE MODELISATION DU TRANSPORT DE POLLUANTS DIFFUS D'ORIGINE AGRICOLE QUANT A LEUR CAPACITE DE REPRESENTER L'EVOLUTION TEMPORELLE DES CONCENTRATIONS ET DES FLUX DES MES, DES NITRATES ET DU PHOSPHORE A L'EXUTOIRE D'UN BASSIN VERSANT AGRICOLE. NOUS AVONS VALIDE DEUX MODELES REPRESENTATIFS DE CHACUNE DES APPROCHES; LE PREMIER MODELE EST INSPIRE DES MODELES CREAMS ET SWRRB ET LE DEUXIEME EST LE HSPF. LE DEUXIEME OBJECTIF EST D'ANALYSER L'UTILITE DES MODELES MATHEMATIQUES DANS LA GESTION DE LA POLLUTION AGRICOLE PAR RAPPORT A CINQ PROBLEMES AUXQUELS SONT CONFRONTES LES GESTIONNAIRES: CALCUL DES FLUX POLLUANTS, EVALUATION DU RISQUE DE DEPASSEMENT D'UNE CONCENTRATION, DESCRIPTION DE MECANISMES DE TRANSPORT DE POLLUANTS, DETERMINATION ET QUANTIFICATION DES SOURCES DE POLLUANTS ET EVALUATION DE L'IMPACT SUR LA QUALITE DE L'EAU DES CHANGEMENTS DES PRATIQUES AGRICOLES
Book Synopsis Bassins Versants by : Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia
Download or read book Bassins Versants written by Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Groundwater Dynamics in Hard Rock Aquifers by : Shakeel Ahmed
Download or read book Groundwater Dynamics in Hard Rock Aquifers written by Shakeel Ahmed and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-18 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the results and findings of the advanced research carried out in a pilot area with a thorough investigation of the structure and functioning of an aquifer in a granitic formation. It characterizes the hard rock aquifer system and examines its properties and behavior as well as systematically details the geophysical, geological and remote sensing applications to conceptualize such an aquifer system.
Book Synopsis The Mediterranean region under climate change by : Collectif
Download or read book The Mediterranean region under climate change written by Collectif and published by IRD Éditions. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been published by Allenvi (French National Alliance for Environmental Research) to coincide with the 22nd Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP22) in Marrakesh. It is the outcome of work by academic researchers on both sides of the Mediterranean and provides a remarkable scientific review of the mechanisms of climate change and its impacts on the environment, the economy, health and Mediterranean societies. It will also be valuable in developing responses that draw on “scientific evidence” to address the issues of adaptation, resource conservation, solutions and risk prevention. Reflecting the full complexity of the Mediterranean environment, the book is a major scientific contribution to the climate issue, where various scientific considerations converge to break down the boundaries between disciplines.
Book Synopsis Faecal Sludge Management by : Linda Strande
Download or read book Faecal Sludge Management written by Linda Strande and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering.
Book Synopsis Groundwater Flow and Quality Modelling by : E. Custodio
Download or read book Groundwater Flow and Quality Modelling written by E. Custodio and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1988-02-29 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Advances in Analytical and Numerical Groundwater Flow and Quality Modelling, Lisbon, Portugal, June 2-6, 1987
Book Synopsis Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses by : Walter H. Wischmeier
Download or read book Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses written by Walter H. Wischmeier and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) enables planners to predict the average rate of soil erosion for each feasible alternative combination of crop system and management practices in association with a specified soil type, rainfall pattern, and topography. When these predicted losses are compared with given soil loss tolerances, they provide specific guidelines for effecting erosion control within specified limits. The equation groups the numerous interrelated physical and management parameters that influence erosion rate under six major factors whose site-specific values can be expressed numerically. A half century of erosion research in many States has supplied information from which at least approximate values of the USLE factors can be obtained for specified farm fields or other small erosion prone areas throughout the United States. Tables and charts presented in this handbook make this information readily available for field use. Significant limitations in the available data are identified.
Book Synopsis Climate Change Impacts on Freshwater Ecosystems by : Martin Kernan
Download or read book Climate Change Impacts on Freshwater Ecosystems written by Martin Kernan and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2010-09-27 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text examines the impact of climate change on freshwater ecosystems, past, present and future. It especially considers the interactions between climate change and other drivers of change including hydromorphological modification, nutrient loading, acid deposition and contamination by toxic substances using evidence from palaeolimnology, time-series analysis, space-for-time substitution, laboratory and field experiments and process modelling. The book evaluates these processes in relation to extreme events, seasonal changes in ecosystems, trends over decadal-scale time periods, mitigation strategies and ecosystem recovery. The book is also concerned with how aspects of hydrophysical, hydrochemical and ecological change can be used as early indicators of climate change in aquatic ecosystems and it addresses the implications of future climate change for freshwater ecosystem management at the catchment scale. This is an ideal book for the scientific research community, but is also accessible to Masters and senior undergraduate students.
Book Synopsis Crying Out for Change by : Deepa Narayan-Parker
Download or read book Crying Out for Change written by Deepa Narayan-Parker and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multi-country research initiative to understand poverty from the eyes of the poor, the Voices of the Poor project was undertaken to inform the World Bank's activities and the upcoming World Development Report 2000/01. The research findings are being published in three books: "Can Anyone Hear Us?" gathers the voices of over 40,000 poor women and men in 50 countries from the World Bank's participatory poverty assessments (Deepa Narayan, Raj Patel, Kai Schafft, Anne Rademacher, and Sarah Koch-Schulte, authors). "Crying Out for Change" pulls together new field work conducted in 1999 in 23 countries (Deepa Narayan, Robert Chambers, Meera Shah, and Patti Petesch, authors). "From Many Lands" offers regional patterns and country case-studies (Deepa Narayan and Patti Petesch, editors). Voices of the Poor marks the first time such an exercise has been undertaken in so many developing countries and transition economies around the world. It provides a unique and detailed picture of the life of the poor and explains the constraints poor people face to escape from poverty in a way that more traditional survey techniques do not capture well. Each of the three volumes demonstrates the importance of voice and power in poor people's definition of poverty. Voices of the Poor concludes that we need to expand our conventional views of poverty which focus on income expenditure, education, and health to include measures of voice and empowerment.
Book Synopsis Hydrology of Mediterranean and Semiarid Regions by : Eric Servat
Download or read book Hydrology of Mediterranean and Semiarid Regions written by Eric Servat and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences by : Wade H. Shafer
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer. This book was released on 1976 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and dis· seminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) *at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the ac· tivity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 20 (thesis year 1975) a total of 10,374 theses titles from 28 Canadian and 239 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for theses titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. The organization of Volume 20 is identical to that of past years. It consists of theses titles arranged by discipline and by university within each discipline.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Fao Technical Guidelines for R ISBN 13 : Total Pages :96 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis Fisheries Management by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book Fisheries Management written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Fao Technical Guidelines for R. This book was released on 2008 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "These guidelines have been produced to supplement as an addition to the FAO Technical Guidelines for Responsible Fisheries no. 4, Suppl. 2 entitled Fisheries management".
Book Synopsis The Five Keys of Feng Shui by : Sarah Bartlett
Download or read book The Five Keys of Feng Shui written by Sarah Bartlett and published by Victor Gollancz. This book was released on 2001-02-01 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most people know about the principles of Feng Shui in relation to improving their environment, but did you know you can practise Feng Shui on yourself? By drawing on the secret wisdom of the Five Elements you can: Find out with whom you are compatible Enhance your intimate relationships Learn the best times of the year for making changes and choices Maximise your inner beauty, self-esteem and success This book reveals everything you need to know to create inner harmony and enrich your life.
