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Venezuela Economic Structure Economic Policy And International Economic Relations
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Book Synopsis Venezuela. Economic Structure, Economic Policy and International Economic Relations by : Lena B.
Download or read book Venezuela. Economic Structure, Economic Policy and International Economic Relations written by Lena B. and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-08-23 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2015 in the subject Economics - International Economic Relations, grade: 1,3, Wiesbaden University of Applied Sciences (Wiesbaden Business School), language: English, abstract: This paper is about the South American country Venezuela. It starts by giving a basic overview, followed by the Economic Policy. Venezuela is still a developing country, so there is information about the development policy efforts to improve. Furthermore I wrote about the grade of governmental interference in economy and how the Venezuelan government carries out fiscal, monetary and foreign exchange policy. In the fourth chapter, you learn about the current macroeconomic situation concerning the GDP situation, unemployment and especially about the extremely high inflation. After that the economic structure of Venezuela is described by subdividing it to the agricultural, industrial and service sector and a conclusion about the most significant branch in Venezuela, the oil industry. In the sixth chapter the international economic relations of Venezuela are presented by showing the main trade partners and the products which exchanged. Moreover the attractiveness for FDI is examined and I give a description about the reasons for emigration and besides about Venezuela’s participation in customs unions and free trade areas. I conclude the paper by giving my personal opinion about Venezuela’s major problems and potentials.
Book Synopsis Paper Tigers and Minotaurs by : Moisés Naím
Download or read book Paper Tigers and Minotaurs written by Moisés Naím and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Paper Tigers and Minotaurs is an insider's account of national transition from a protected and state-controlled economy to one relying on free markets and open trade. Venezuela's experience with dismantling an entrenched economic structure and coping with the political consequences of a new system is a national story with international lessons. It is recounted from the author's perspective as a minister directly involved in the process, a scholar equipped to understand its broader implications, and a World Bank executive director we acquainted with the international record of economic reforms. With an eye for paradox and the unexpected, the author retraces his country's passage through the maze of surprises and dangers that beset managers of large-scale reform. Some of the dangers turn out to be roaring but harmless paper tigers; others, the unexpected and deadly minotaur capable of derailing the entire process of reform. Distinguishing one from the other, a none-too-simple task, emerges as an indispensable survival skill for reformers everywhere." "Venezuela, a country boasting one of the oldest and more affluent democracies in Latin America offers a case study exemplifying the complex links between market reforms and political instability. After the painful economic shock that accompanied the launching of the reform program in 1989, Venezuela enjoyed some of the highest economic rates in the world. Yet, this once politically stable, country turned suddenly and traumatically unstable. Two violent army revolts, widespread political turmoil and the ouster of President Carlos Andres Perez suddenly transformed a glowing example of successful economic liberalization into a gloomy reminder of the political costs of market reforms." "In rich and illuminating detail, the book analyzes this transformation and the consequences of the new policies that were meant to deal with the deepest economic crisis in Venezuela's history. The crisis was a classic and instructive example for governments everywhere that are undergoing the transition toward markets and away from state intervention. The author examines the initial impact of the reforms on the country's economy and the social situation, including the practical problems and the politics of implementing social "safety nets" to help the poor cope with the harsh burdens of economic adjustments. The book deals forthrightly with the central challenges to economic reform: the military and its reaction to reform and instability; the link between economic liberalization and corruption; the emergence of "media barons" as a political force brandishing unprecedented power; the inability of the government to communicate effectively with the people and build support for the reforms; the effects of the fierce rivalries that broke out among private economic groups; the demise of Carlos Andres Perez, once the most popular and powerful of the country's political leaders." "This engrossing reconstruction and interpretation of the Venezuelan experience is filled with lessons, insights, and deeper questions for all who enter the labyrinth determined to distinguish between the paper tigers and minotaurs that confront economic and political change."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Book Synopsis Society and Economy in Venezuela by : Vitor Eduardo Schincariol
Download or read book Society and Economy in Venezuela written by Vitor Eduardo Schincariol and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-28 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of the economic policies adopted by the Bolivarian governments of Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro in Venezuela between 1998 and 2018, and the economic and social results of these policies. The recent history of Venezuela has attracted much attention due to Chávez’s and Maduro’s self-declared search for socialism since the beginning of the 21st century and the economic trajectory of the country in this period, which experienced significant economic growth during the international oil boom in the first decade of the century, followed by a huge economic crisis in the second decade. The volume adopts an economic history approach, taking into account both economic and social variables to analyze the Venezuelan overall socio-economic performance since 1998. Drawing on official documents and statistics, as well as on the available literature, it presents an empirical analysis of Venezuelan economic and social histories during the Bolivarian period, describing and analyzing the achievements and limits of the policies adopted between 1998 and 2018. Society and Economy in Venezuela: An Overview of the Bolivarian Period (1998-2018) will be a useful introduction to sociologists, political economists, political scientists, economic historians and other social scientists interested in understanding the multiple interrelations between economy and society in Bolivarian Venezuela. “This book offers a thoughtful, committed and illuminating analysis of the socialist experiment in Venezuela. Its strengths and weaknesses are examined in unprecedented detail, in order to identify the drivers and limitation of 'socialism in the 21st century'. An essential work for scholars, students and citizens concerned with Venezuela.” – Alfredo Saad-Filho, King's College London
Book Synopsis Venezuela Before Chávez by : Ricardo Hausmann
Download or read book Venezuela Before Chávez written by Ricardo Hausmann and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2015-06-13 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the beginning of the twentieth century, Venezuela had one of the poorest economies in Latin America, but by 1970 it had become the richest country in the region and one of the twenty richest countries in the world, ahead of countries such as Greece, Israel, and Spain. Between 1978 and 2001, however, Venezuela’s economy went sharply in reverse, with non-oil GDP declining by almost 19 percent and oil GDP by an astonishing 65 percent. What accounts for this drastic turnabout? The editors of Venezuela Before Chávez, who each played a policymaking role in the country’s economy during the past two decades, have brought together a group of economists and political scientists to examine systematically the impact of a wide range of factors affecting the economy’s collapse, from the cost of labor regulation and the development of financial markets to the weakening of democratic governance and the politics of decisions about industrial policy. Aside from the editors, the contributors are Omar Bello, Adriana Bermúdez, Matías Braun, Javier Corrales, Jonathan Di John, Rafael Di Tella, Javier Donna, Samuel Freije, Dan Levy, Robert MacCulloch, Osmel Manzano, Francisco Monaldi, María Antonia Moreno, Daniel Ortega, Michael Penfold, José Pineda, Lant Pritchett, Cameron A. Shelton, and Dean Yang.
Book Synopsis Economic Controls and Commercial Policy in Venezuela by : United States Tariff Commission
Download or read book Economic Controls and Commercial Policy in Venezuela written by United States Tariff Commission and published by . This book was released on 1945 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis From Windfall to Curse? by : Jonathan Di John
Download or read book From Windfall to Curse? written by Jonathan Di John and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2015-12-21 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery of abundant oil resources in the 1920s, Venezuela has had an economically privileged position among the nations of Latin America, which has led to its being treated by economic and political analysts as an exceptional case. In her well-known study of Venezuela’s political economy, The Paradox of Plenty (1997), Stanford political scientist Terry Karl argued that this oil wealth induced extraordinary corruption, rent-seeking, and centralized intervention that resulted in restricting productivity and growth. What this and other studies of Venezuela’s economy fail to explain, however, is how such conditions have accompanied both growth and stagnation at different periods of Venezuela’s history and why countries experiencing similar levels of corruption and rent-seeking produce divergent developmental outcomes. By investigating the record of economic development in Venezuela from 1920 to the present, Jonathan Di John shows that the key to explaining why the economy performed much better between 1920 and 1980 than in the post-1980 period is to understand how political strategies interacted with economic strategies—specifically, how politics determined state capacity at any given time and how the stage of development and development strategies affected the nature of political conflicts. In emphasizing the importance of an approach that looks at the political economy, not just at the economy alone, Di John advances the field methodologically while he contributes to a long-needed history of Venezuela’s economic performance in the twentieth century.
Book Synopsis Business Associations and Interest Politics in Venezuela by : Robert Duane Bond
Download or read book Business Associations and Interest Politics in Venezuela written by Robert Duane Bond and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Venezuela and the World Bank written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Venezuela joined the World Bank in 1946 and received its first loan in 1961. In the 1970s the relationship changed owing to oil price increases. Venezuela repaid its outstanding World Bank obligations and loaned some of its oil profits to the World Bank to support lending to other member countries. Then, during the 1980s, oil prices collapsed, income fell, and the situation was exacerbated by poor economic policies. Consequently, in 1989 Venezuela began to borrow again from the Bank. This booklet describes the Bank's assistance in the first stages of Venezuela's adjustment and discusses areas to strengthen the Bank's collaboration with the Venezuelan government to assist it in achieving its economic and social objectives.
Author :United Nations. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. International Trade and Development Division Publisher :Santiago, Chile : Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, United Nations ISBN 13 : Total Pages :290 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis International Economic Relations and Regional Co-operation in Latin America and the Caribbean by : United Nations. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. International Trade and Development Division
Download or read book International Economic Relations and Regional Co-operation in Latin America and the Caribbean written by United Nations. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. International Trade and Development Division and published by Santiago, Chile : Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, United Nations. This book was released on 1987 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Prosperity and Liberty by : Rafael Acevedo
Download or read book Prosperity and Liberty written by Rafael Acevedo and published by . This book was released on 2019-05-08 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prosperity & Liberty: What Venezuela needs... is a book Edited by: Rafael Acevedo, that contains essays by: Rafael Acevedo, Humberto Andrade, Leszek Balcerowicz, Walter Block, Larisa Burakova, Luis Cirocco, Alejandro Chafuén, Hugo Faría, Steve Hanke, Robert Lawson, María Lorca-Susino, Luis Marchena, Jean Minardi, Daniel Mitchell, and Benjamin Powell.Reading this book, people will understand the why and how Venezuela ended up in the most miserable country of the world, know 4 examples of countries that were like Venezuela but applying radical and real free-market reforms now are four of the most promising economies of the world, and finally people will read the only real free-market proposals to solve Venezuela's crisis. In words of the authors that you can read in this book: "When I decided to work and edit this book, I wanted to offer to the public, not only the Venezuelan, a general idea of the current situation in my country and its main cause, Socialism. I also wanted to show that there are people who have dedicated their work to analyze and propose solutions far different from the most announced - Keynesian and Socialist plans - although unfortunately, it is highly probable that one of the latter will be applied after the Venezuelans overthrown the narco-tyranny. Therefore, this book could be a proof, in the not too distant future, that there were other proposals, which really ensured long-run prosperity and freedom" (Rafael Acevedo, from the Prologue)"At a time when 'democratic' socialism is enjoying increased popularity in the United States, these two lessons are important for the readers of the English language edition of this book. Venezuela was democratic and relatively rich when it was economically free. The situation they find themselves in today is not 'normal' third world poverty nor does it have anything uniquely Latin American about it. Their loss of meaningful democratic freedom and poverty are both a necessary consequence of their adoption of socialist economic policies. Despite socialist U.S. politicians' claims to favor democracy, we can expect a similar journey down the Road to Serfdom in the United States if we adopt socialist economic policies." (Benjamin Powell, from the Foreword)"Before we offer a way out of the economic thicket in which Venezuela now finds itself in (circa 2018), let us first document its decline. Perhaps from this historical pattern, we may discern a way out of its present morass." (Walter Block, from the Chapter 1)"In order to understand the disaster unfolding in Venezuela, we need to journey through the most recent century of our history and look at how our institutions deteriorated over time." (Rafael Acevedo & Luis Cirocco, from Chapter 5)"A critical check on government is a wealthy population coupled with an impoverished government, whereby government rules but it is not an owner... patrimonial governments are fertile land to scatter the seeds of corruption, which is another growth retarding mechanism." (Hugo Faría, from Chapter 10)"Venezuela's economy has collapsed. This is the result of years of socialism, incompetence, and corruption, among other things. An important element that mirrors the economy's collapse is Venezuela's currency, the bolívar." (Steve Hanke, from Chapter 11)"Problems of distributive justice that will arise in Venezuela's transition can be divided into two large groups: those having to do with restitution to victims and those having to do with punishment for the guilty." (Alejandro Chafuén, from Chapter 16)"Getting rid of Maduro is a necessary but insufficient step towards getting Venezuela back on its feet. If Venezuela is going to get off "the road to serfdom" and back on a path towards prosperity, ... will need to give voice to Venezuela's market-oriented opposition groups..." (Benjamin Powell & Rafael Acevedo, from the Epilogue)
Book Synopsis Financial Crisis Management and Democracy by : Bettina De Souza Guilherme
Download or read book Financial Crisis Management and Democracy written by Bettina De Souza Guilherme and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-09 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book discusses financial crisis management and policy in Europe and Latin America, with a special focus on equity and democracy. Based on a three-year research project by the Jean Monnet Network, this volume takes an interdisciplinary, comparative approach, analyzing both the role and impact of the EU and regional organizations in Latin America on crisis management as well as the consequences of crisis on the process of European integration and on Latin America’s regionalism. The book begins with a theoretical introduction, exploring the effects of the paradigm change on economic policies in Europe and in Latin America and analyzing key systemic aspects of the unsustainability of the present economic system explaining the global crises and their interconnections. The following chapters are divided into sections. The second section explores aspects of regional governance and how the economic and financial crises were managed on a macro level in Europe and Latin America. The third and fourth sections use case studies to drill down to the impact of the crises at the national and regional levels, including the emergence of political polarization and rise in populism in both areas. The last section presents proposals for reform, including the transition from finance capitalism to a sustainable real capitalism in both regions and at the inter-regional level of EU-LAC relations.The volume concludes with an epilogue on financial crises, regionalism, and domestic adjustment by Loukas Tsoukalis, President of the Hellenic Foundation for European and Foreign Policy (ELIAMEP). Written by an international network of academics, practitioners and policy advisors, this volume will be of interest to researchers and students interested in macroeconomics, comparative regionalism, democracy, and financial crisis management as well as politicians, policy advisors, and members of national and regional organizations in the EU and Latin America.
Book Synopsis China-Venezuela Relations in the Twenty-first Century by : Matt Ferchen
Download or read book China-Venezuela Relations in the Twenty-first Century written by Matt Ferchen and published by . This book was released on with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The outsized ambitions and scale of the China-Venezuela political and financial relationship in the twenty-first century have meant that its failures and disappointments have been correspondingly large. This report explores how the nations came to be involved, how each side has responded to Venezuela’s extended economic and political crisis, and the implications for the future of the bilateral relationship and for China’s aspirations to be a leader and agent of international development.
Book Synopsis Geo-economics and Power Politics in the 21st Century by : Mikael Wigell
Download or read book Geo-economics and Power Politics in the 21st Century written by Mikael Wigell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting from the key concept of geo-economics, this book investigates the new power politics and argues that the changing structural features of the contemporary international system are recasting the strategic imperatives of foreign policy practice. States increasingly practice power politics by economic means. Whether it is about Iran’s nuclear programme or Russia’s annexation of Crimea, Western states prefer economic sanctions to military force. Most rising powers have also become cunning agents of economic statecraft. China, for instance, is using finance, investment and trade as means to gain strategic influence and embed its global rise. Yet the way states use economic power to pursue strategic aims remains an understudied topic in International Political Economy and International Relations. The contributions to this volume assess geo-economics as a form of power politics. They show how power and security are no longer simply coupled to the physical control of territory by military means, but also to commanding and manipulating the economic binds that are decisive in today’s globalised and highly interconnected world. Indeed, as the volume shows, the ability to wield economic power forms an essential means in the foreign policies of major powers. In so doing, the book challenges simplistic accounts of a return to traditional, military-driven geopolitics, while not succumbing to any unfounded idealism based on the supposedly stabilising effects of interdependence on international relations. As such, it advances our understanding of geo-economics as a strategic practice and as an innovative and timely analytical approach. This book will be of much interest to students of security studies, international political economy, foreign policy and International Relations in general.
Book Synopsis China's Superbank by : Henry Sanderson
Download or read book China's Superbank written by Henry Sanderson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-01-22 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inside the engine-room of China's economic growth—the China Development Bank Anyone wanting a primer on the secret of China's economic success need look no further than China Development Bank (CDB)—which has displaced the World Bank as the world's biggest development bank, lending billions to countries around the globe to further Chinese policy goals. In China’s Superbank, Bloomberg authors Michael Forsythe and Henry Sanderson outline how the bank is at the center of China's domestic economic growth and how it is helping to expand China's influence in strategically important overseas markets. 100 percent owned by the Chinese government, the CDB holds the key to understanding the inner workings of China's state-led economic development model, and its most glaring flaws. The bank is at the center of the country's efforts to build a world-class network of highways, railroads, and power grids, pioneering a lending scheme to local governments that threatens to spawn trillions of yuan in bad loans. It is doling out credit lines by the billions to Chinese solar and wind power makers, threatening to bury global competitors with a flood of cheap products. Another $45 billion in credit has been given to the country's two biggest telecom equipment makers who are using the money to win contracts around the globe, helping fulfill the goal of China's leaders for its leading companies to "go global." Bringing the story of China Development Bank to life by crisscrossing China to investigate the quality of its loans, China’s Superbank travels the globe, from Africa, where its China-Africa fund is displacing Western lenders in a battle for influence, to the oil fields of Venezuela. Offers a fascinating insight into the China Development Bank (CDB), the driver of China's rapid economic development Travels the globe to show how the CDB is helping Chinese businesses "go global" Written by two respected reporters at Bloomberg News As China's influence continues to grow around the world, many people are asking how far it will extend. China’s Superbank addresses these vital questions, looking at the institution at the heart of this growth.
Book Synopsis Dragon in the Tropics by : Javier Corrales
Download or read book Dragon in the Tropics written by Javier Corrales and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since he was first elected in 1999, Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez Frías has reshaped a frail but nonetheless pluralistic democracy into a semi-authoritarian regime—an outcome achieved with spectacularly high oil income and widespread electoral support. This eye-opening book illuminates one of the most sweeping and unexpected political transformations in contemporary Latin America. Based on more than fifteen years' experience in researching and writing about Venezuela, Javier Corrales and Michael Penfold have crafted a comprehensive account of how the Chávez regime has revamped the nation, with a particular focus on its political transformation. Throughout, they take issue with conventional explanations. First, they argue persuasively that liberal democracy as an institution was not to blame for the rise of chavismo. Second, they assert that the nation's economic ailments were not caused by neoliberalism. Instead they blame other factors, including a dependence on oil, which caused macroeconomic volatility; political party fragmentation, which triggered infighting; government mismanagement of the banking crisis, which led to more centralization of power; and the Asian crisis of 1997, which devastated Venezuela's economy at the same time that Chávez ran for president. It is perhaps on the role of oil that the authors take greatest issue with prevailing opinion. They do not dispute that dependence on oil can generate political and economic distortions—the "resource curse" or "paradox of plenty" arguments—but they counter that oil alone fails to explain Chávez's rise. Instead they single out a weak framework of checks and balances that allowed the executive branch to extract oil rents and distribute them to the populace. The real culprit behind Chávez's success, they write, was the asymmetry of political power.
Book Synopsis The Paradox of Plenty by : Terry Lynn Karl
Download or read book The Paradox of Plenty written by Terry Lynn Karl and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1997-10-10 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In these countries, dependence on petroleum leads to disproportionate fiscal reliance on petrodollars and public spending, at the expense of statecraft.
Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council
Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
