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Utility Aware Scheduling Of Stochastic Real Time Systems
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Book Synopsis Utility-aware Scheduling of Stochastic Real-time Systems by : Terry Tidwell
Download or read book Utility-aware Scheduling of Stochastic Real-time Systems written by Terry Tidwell and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Time utility functions offer a reasonably general way to describe the complex timing constraints of real-time and cyber-physical systems. However, utility-aware scheduling policy design is an open research problem. In particular, scheduling policies that optimize expected utility accrual are needed for real-time and cyber-physical domains. This dissertation addresses the problem of utility-aware scheduling for systems with periodic real-time task sets and stochastic non-preemptive execution intervals. We model these systems as Markov Decision Processes. This model provides an evaluation framework by which different scheduling policies can be compared. By solving the Markov Decision Process we can derive value-optimal scheduling policies for moderate sized problems. However, the time and memory complexity of computing and storing value-optimal scheduling policies also necessitates the exploration of other more scalable solutions. We consider heuristic schedulers, including a generalization we have developed for the existing Utility Accrual Packet Scheduling Algorithm. We compare several heuristics under soft and hard real-time conditions, different load conditions, and different classes of time utility functions. Based on these evaluations we present guidelines for which heuristics are best suited to particular scheduling criteria. Finally, we address the memory complexity of value-optimal scheduling, and examine trade-offs between optimality and memory complexity. We show that it is possible to derive good low complexity scheduling decision functions based on a synthesis of heuristics and reduced-memory approximations of the value-optimal scheduling policy.
Book Synopsis Stochastic Optimization and Real-time Scheduling in Cyber-physical Systems by : Lei Yang
Download or read book Stochastic Optimization and Real-time Scheduling in Cyber-physical Systems written by Lei Yang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A principal goal of this dissertation is to study stochastic optimization and real-time scheduling in cyber-physical systems (CPSs) ranging from real-time wireless systems to energy systems to distributed control systems. Under this common theme, this dissertation can be broadly organized into three parts based on the system environments. The first part investigates stochastic optimization in real-time wireless systems, with the focus on the deadline-aware scheduling for real-time traffic. The optimal solution to such scheduling problems requires to explicitly taking into account the coupling in the deadline-aware transmissions and stochastic characteristics of the traffic, which involves a dynamic program that is traditionally known to be intractable or computationally expensive to implement. First, real-time scheduling with adaptive network coding over memoryless channels is studied, and a polynomial-time complexity algorithm is developed to characterize the optimal real-time scheduling. Then, real-time scheduling over Markovian channels is investigated, where channel conditions are time-varying and online channel learning is necessary, and the optimal scheduling policies in different traffic regimes are studied. The second part focuses on the stochastic optimization and real-time scheduling involved in energy systems. First, risk-aware scheduling and dispatch for plug-in electric vehicles (EVs) are studied, aiming to jointly optimize the EV charging cost and the risk of the load mismatch between the forecasted and the actual EV loads, due to the random driving activities of EVs. Then, the integration of wind generation at high penetration levels into bulk power grids is considered. Joint optimization of economic dispatch and interruptible load management is investigated using short-term wind farm generation forecast. The third part studies stochastic optimization in distributed control systems under different network environments. First, distributed spectrum access in cognitive radio networks is investigated by using pricing approach, where primary users (PUs) sell the temporarily unused spectrum and secondary users compete via random access for such spectrum opportunities. The optimal pricing strategy for PUs and the corresponding distributed implementation of spectrum access control are developed to maximize the PU's revenue. Then, a systematic study of the nonconvex utility-based power control problem is presented under the physical interference model in ad-hoc networks. Distributed power control schemes are devised to maximize the system utility, by leveraging the extended duality theory and simulated annealing.
Book Synopsis Smart Technologies in Urban Engineering by : Olga Arsenyeva
Download or read book Smart Technologies in Urban Engineering written by Olga Arsenyeva and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-29 with total page 878 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive review of smart technologies and perspectives on their application in urban engineering. It covers a wide range of applications, from transport and energy management to digital manufacturing, smart city, environment, and sustainable development, providing readers with new ideas for future research and collaborations. This book presents select papers from the International Conference on Smart Technologies in Urban Engineering (STUE-2022), held to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Ukraine, on June 9–11, 2022. All the contributions offer plenty of valuable information and would be of great benefit to the experience exchange among scientists in urban engineering.
Book Synopsis Power Aware Scheduling for Real-time Systems by : Diganta Roychowdhury
Download or read book Power Aware Scheduling for Real-time Systems written by Diganta Roychowdhury and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Computer Systems Architecture by : Chris Jesshope
Download or read book Advances in Computer Systems Architecture written by Chris Jesshope and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-08-31 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th Asia-Pacific Computer Systems Architecture Conference, ACSAC 2006. The book presents 60 revised full papers together with 3 invited lectures, addressing such issues as processor and network design, reconfigurable computing and operating systems, and low-level design issues in both hardware and systems. Coverage includes large and significant computer-based infrastructure projects, the challenges of stricter budgets in power dissipation, and more.
Book Synopsis Power Aware Computing by : Robert Graybill
Download or read book Power Aware Computing written by Robert Graybill and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the advent of portable and autonomous computing systems, power con sumption has emerged as a focal point in many research projects, commercial systems and DoD platforms. One current research initiative, which drew much attention to this area, is the Power Aware Computing and Communications (PAC/C) program sponsored by DARPA. Many of the chapters in this book include results from work that have been supported by the PACIC program. The performance of computer systems has been tremendously improving while the size and weight of such systems has been constantly shrinking. The capacities of batteries relative to their sizes and weights has been also improv ing but at a rate which is much slower than the rate of improvement in computer performance and the rate of shrinking in computer sizes. The relation between the power consumption of a computer system and it performance and size is a complex one which is very much dependent on the specific system and the technology used to build that system. We do not need a complex argument, however, to be convinced that energy and power, which is the rate of energy consumption, are becoming critical components in computer systems in gen eral, and portable and autonomous systems, in particular. Most of the early research on power consumption in computer systems ad dressed the issue of minimizing power in a given platform, which usually translates into minimizing energy consumption, and thus, longer battery life.
Book Synopsis Power-Aware Computer Systems by : Babak Falsafi
Download or read book Power-Aware Computer Systems written by Babak Falsafi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-08-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Power-Aware Computer Systems, PACS 2002, held in Cambridge, MA, USA, in February 2002. The 13 revised full papers presented were carefully selected for inclusion in the book during two rounds of reviewing and revision. The papers are organized in topical sections on power-aware architecture and microarchitecture, power-aware real-time systems, power modeling and monitoring, and power-aware operating systems and compilers.
Book Synopsis Generalizing List Scheduling for Stochastic Soft Real-time Parallel Applications by : Yoginder Singh Dandass
Download or read book Generalizing List Scheduling for Stochastic Soft Real-time Parallel Applications written by Yoginder Singh Dandass and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced architecture processors provide features such as caches and branch prediction that result in improved, but variable, execution time of software. Hard real-time systems require tasks to complete within timing constraints. Consequently, hard real-time systems are typically designed conservatively through the use of tasks' worst-case execution times (WCET) in order to compute deterministic schedules that guarantee task's execution within giving time constraints. This use of pessimistic execution time assumptions provides real-time guarantees at the cost of decreased performance and resource utilization. In soft real-time systems, however, meeting deadlines is not an absolute requirement (i.e., missing a few deadlines does not severely degrade system performance or cause catastrophic failure). In such systems, a guaranteed minimum probability of completing by the deadline is sufficient. Therefore, there is considerable latitude in such systems for improving resource utilization and performance as compared with hard real-time systems, through the use of more realistic execution time assumptions. Given probability distribution functions (PDFs) representing tasks' execution time requirements, and tasks' communication and precedence requirements, represented as a directed acyclic graph (DAG), this dissertation proposes and investigates algorithms for constructing non-preemptive stochastic schedules. New PDF manipulation operators developed in this dissertation are used to compute tasks' start and completion time PDFs during schedule construction. PDFs of the schedules' completion times are also computed and used to systematically trade the probability of meeting end-to-end deadlines for schedule length and jitter in task completion times. Because of the NP-hard nature of the non-preemptive DAG scheduling problem, the new stochastic scheduling algorithms extend traditional heuristic list scheduling and genetic list scheduling algorithms for DAGs by using PDFs instead of fixed time values for task execution requirements. The stochastic scheduling algorithms also account for delays caused by communication contention, typically ignored in prior DAG scheduling research. Extensive experimental results are used to demonstrate the efficacy of the new algorithms in constructing stochastic schedules. Results also show that through the use of the techniques developed in this dissertation, the probability of meeting deadlines can be usefully traded for performance and jitter in soft real-time systems.
Book Synopsis Deterministic, Stochastic, and Robust Cost-aware Scheduling by : Roman Rischke
Download or read book Deterministic, Stochastic, and Robust Cost-aware Scheduling written by Roman Rischke and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The VLSI Handbook written by Wai-Kai Chen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 2320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the new millenium, Wai-Kai Chen introduced a monumental reference for the design, analysis, and prediction of VLSI circuits: The VLSI Handbook. Still a valuable tool for dealing with the most dynamic field in engineering, this second edition includes 13 sections comprising nearly 100 chapters focused on the key concepts, models, and equations. Written by a stellar international panel of expert contributors, this handbook is a reliable, comprehensive resource for real answers to practical problems. It emphasizes fundamental theory underlying professional applications and also reflects key areas of industrial and research focus. WHAT'S IN THE SECOND EDITION? Sections on... Low-power electronics and design VLSI signal processing Chapters on... CMOS fabrication Content-addressable memory Compound semiconductor RF circuits High-speed circuit design principles SiGe HBT technology Bipolar junction transistor amplifiers Performance modeling and analysis using SystemC Design languages, expanded from two chapters to twelve Testing of digital systems Structured for convenient navigation and loaded with practical solutions, The VLSI Handbook, Second Edition remains the first choice for answers to the problems and challenges faced daily in engineering practice.
Book Synopsis Power-aware Scheduling for Real-time Embedded Systems by : Linwei Niu
Download or read book Power-aware Scheduling for Real-time Embedded Systems written by Linwei Niu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driven by the remarkable evolution of IC technology and the ever-increasing human appetite for higher computing power, the dramatically increased power/energy consumption for real-time embedded systems has presented a profound challenge to researchers and developers. Battery-operated embedded devices, which have already been ubiquitous, demand low power consumption to extend the battery life and thus the mission cycles. Even for power-rich platforms, rapidly elevated power consumption raised serious concerns regarding the reliability and packaging/cooling cost as a result of the heat dissipation. It is fair to say that energy reduction has become one of the most critical design issues in the design of next generation real-time embedded systems. In our research, we seek to address this problem at the operating system level. Specifically, we believe that real-time scheduling plays a critical role in power/energy reduction not only because most embedded systems have real-time requirements, but also because significant energy savings can be achieved by taking advantage of the knowledge in application characteristics and underlying architectures known at this level. The goal of our research is to study and develop appropriate real-time scheduling techniques that can exploit the advanced power manageable features in state-of-the-art architecture to minimize the power/energy consumption while satisfying other design requirements at the same time. The contributions of the dissertation include: (i) We developed several advanced power-aware scheduling algorithms for hard real-time systems with emphasis on reducing both dynamic and leakage power consumption; (ii) We extended the system model from simple hard real-time systems to soft real-time systems with more complicated Quality of Service constraints; (iii) We also developed efficient scheduling algorithms to minimize the system-wide energy consumption with peripheral devices taken into consideration. Experimental results have demonstrated that our techniques greatly outperform existing ones. The problems discussed in this dissertation are rather general in real-time embedded system designs, and these methodologies and techniques are important both in the theoretical and practical sense.
Download or read book Real Time Systems written by Liu and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book RTSS 2003 written by and published by Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers(IEEE). This book was released on 2003 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As technologies, needs and markets change, however, so must research communities and symposia. To spearhead and accelerate such changes, RTSS has also been broadening its focus and scope of interest. RTSS 2003 now explores areas of research falling outside the traditional sphere of interest at RTSS. Furthermore, this year's conference has two special tracks: one on hardware-software co-design for embedded real-time systems, and another on the still-emerging area of sensor networks.
Book Synopsis Deadline scheduling algorithms for stochastic real-time systems by : J. A. Leigh
Download or read book Deadline scheduling algorithms for stochastic real-time systems written by J. A. Leigh and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Supply Chain Management in Manufacturing and Service Systems by : Sharan Srinivas
Download or read book Supply Chain Management in Manufacturing and Service Systems written by Sharan Srinivas and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-25 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Management of supply chains has been evolving rapidly over the last few years due to the inception of Industry 4.0, where businesses adopt automation technologies and data exchanges leading to dynamic and interconnected supply chain systems. Emphasizing on analytical approaches such as predictive and prescriptive modeling, this book presents state-of-the-art original research work dealing with advanced analytical models for the design, planning, and operation of the supply chain to provide faster and smarter decisions in the era of digitization. In particular, the book integrates machine learning and operations research models for faster and smarter decisions, presents prescriptive analytics models for strategic, tactical, and operational decision making in the supply chain, and addresses recent challenges such as sustainability in the supply chain, supply chain visibility, and supply chain digitalization. Key concepts are illustrated using real-life case studies, making the book a valuable reference for researchers, technical professionals, and students.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Real-Time Computing by : Yu-Chu Tian
Download or read book Handbook of Real-Time Computing written by Yu-Chu Tian and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-08 with total page 1511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this handbook is to summarize the recent rapidly developed real-time computing technologies, from theories to applications. This handbook benefits the readers as a full and quick technical reference with a high-level historic review of technology, detailed technical descriptions and the latest practical applications. In general, the handbook is divided into three main parts (subjected to be modified): theory, design, and application covering different but not limited to the following topics: - Real-time operating systems - Real-time scheduling - Timing analysis - Programming languages and run-time systems - Middleware systems - Design and analysis tools - Real-time aspects of wireless sensor networks - Energy aware real-time methods
Book Synopsis Overhead-aware Compositional Scheduling Analysis of Real-time Systems by : Meng Xu
Download or read book Overhead-aware Compositional Scheduling Analysis of Real-time Systems written by Meng Xu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
