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Usury Interest And The Reformation
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Book Synopsis Usury, Interest and the Reformation by : Eric Kerridge
Download or read book Usury, Interest and the Reformation written by Eric Kerridge and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2003: In his Summa Theologica, Thomas Aquinas takes what most assume to be the orthodox Christian position when he condemns the practice of usury, which he defines as the charging a price for the loan of a sum of money. Yet, whilst this definition has become widely accepted by historians, it is clear from a close reading of contemporary texts, that by the Reformation, the situation was in fact much more complicated. Indeed, by the middle of the sixteenth century, Melanchthon was confidently to assert 'that which is interest is wholly different from usuries'. This book is the first systematic study of the practice of moneylending during the Reformation. Through the detailed examination of a variety of documents, it challenges the established views on usury and interest, providing a fresh interpretation that explains how figures such as Luther could condemn usury whilst still upholding the legality of lending money at interest. Divided into two parts, the first half of the book provides a background to the subject, putting forward Professor Kerridge's arguments about usury and interest in the context of the Reformation. The second part of the book presents selections from 38 contemporary documents on the subject (in both the original language and English translation) written by key Reformation figures such as Calvin, Luther and Zwingli. As such, this book will be useful as both a research and reference work
Book Synopsis Reforming the Morality of Usury by : David W. Jones
Download or read book Reforming the Morality of Usury written by David W. Jones and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 2004 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early years of the sixteenth century, the Church experienced a dramatic shift in its moral perception of the practice of usury. Leaders of the continental Protestant Reformation (Lutheran, Calvinist, and Anabaptist) all grappled with the Roman Catholic Church's moral teaching on the practice of lending money at interest. Although these three theological streams addressed the same moral problem, at relatively the same time, they each responded differently. Reforming the Morality of Usury examines how the leaders of each major stream in the continental Protestant Reformation adopted a different approach to reforming moral teaching on the practice of usury.
Book Synopsis Beggar Thy Neighbor by : Charles R. Geisst
Download or read book Beggar Thy Neighbor written by Charles R. Geisst and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The practice of charging interest on loans has been controversial since it was first mentioned in early recorded history. Lending is a powerful economic tool, vital to the development of society but it can also lead to disaster if left unregulated. Prohibitions against excessive interest, or usury, have been found in almost all societies since antiquity. Whether loans were made in kind or in cash, creditors often were accused of beggar-thy-neighbor exploitation when their lending terms put borrowers at risk of ruin. While the concept of usury reflects transcendent notions of fairness, its definition has varied over time and place: Roman law distinguished between simple and compound interest, the medieval church banned interest altogether, and even Adam Smith favored a ceiling on interest. But in spite of these limits, the advantages and temptations of lending prompted financial innovations from margin investing and adjustable-rate mortgages to credit cards and microlending. In Beggar Thy Neighbor, financial historian Charles R. Geisst tracks the changing perceptions of usury and debt from the time of Cicero to the most recent financial crises. This comprehensive economic history looks at humanity's attempts to curb the abuse of debt while reaping the benefits of credit. Beggar Thy Neighbor examines the major debt revolutions of the past, demonstrating that extensive leverage and debt were behind most financial market crashes from the Renaissance to the present day. Geisst argues that usury prohibitions, as part of the natural law tradition in Western and Islamic societies, continue to play a key role in banking regulation despite modern advances in finance. From the Roman Empire to the recent Dodd-Frank financial reforms, usury ceilings still occupy a central place in notions of free markets and economic justice.
Book Synopsis Manifestations of Discontent in Germany on the Eve of the Reformation by : Gerald Strauss
Download or read book Manifestations of Discontent in Germany on the Eve of the Reformation written by Gerald Strauss and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An unusual anthology of material in translation, quite unlike the spate of source books and compilations of snippets which continue to pour from the presses. Strauss has assembled 35 documents of widely differing nature in order to illustrate a single topic, the uneasy state of Germany in the 15th and early 16th centuries, the period leading up to, and including, the beginnings of the Lutheran Reformation. It is a complex tale of grievances against the Papacy, social unrest, economic exploitation in various forms, imperial weakness, and wounded national pride. An excellent introduction provides the necessary background; brief headnotes to each selection and useful footnotes give further clarification; the translations are highly readable." -Choice. "Strauss permits humanists, knights, craftsmen, and peasants to proclaim their dissatisfaction in their own earthly words, show the causes, and suggest remedies. His selections from the vast body of 'grievance literature', dating chiefly from about 1490 to about 1525, provide the first genuine review of his age of dissent available to the English reader, while brief introductions place the period and each document in historical context." - Library journal
Book Synopsis On Commerce and Usury (1524) by : Martin Luther
Download or read book On Commerce and Usury (1524) written by Martin Luther and published by Anthem Press. This book was released on 2015-09-15 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents Martin Luther’s contribution to the modern economic sciences, providing a detailed introduction and revised translation of his major pamphlet on economic matters, ‘On Commerce and Usury’ (‘Von Kauffshandlung vnd Wucher’, 1524). In his teachings on indulgences Luther picked up on the question of hoarding money, and was among the earliest voices in early modern Europe calling for an ‘ethical’ economics. Luther’s work prefigured many later contributions to modern economic theory, from the mercantilists and cameralists to the German Historical School.
Book Synopsis Usury, Interest and the Reformation by : Eric Kerridge
Download or read book Usury, Interest and the Reformation written by Eric Kerridge and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This title was first published in 2003:In his Summa Theologica, Thomas Aquinas takes what most assume to be the orthodox Christian position when he condemns the practice of usury, which he defines as the charging a price for the loan of a sum of money. Yet, whilst this definition has become widely accepted by historians, it is clear from a close reading of contemporary texts, that by the Reformation, the situation was in fact much more complicated. Indeed, by the middle of the sixteenth century, Melanchthon was confidently to assert 'that which is interest is wholly different from usuries'. This book is the first systematic study of the practice of moneylending during the Reformation. Through the detailed examination of a variety of documents, it challenges the established views on usury and interest, providing a fresh interpretation that explains how figures such as Luther could condemn usury whilst still upholding the legality of lending money at interest. Divided into two parts, the first half of the book provides a background to the subject, putting forward Professor Kerridge's arguments about usury and interest in the context of the Reformation. The second part of the book presents selections from 38 contemporary documents on the subject (in both the original language and English translation) written by key Reformation figures such as Calvin, Luther and Zwingli. As such, this book will be useful as both a research and reference work."--Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis The Marketplace of Christianity by : Robert B. Ekelund, Jr.
Download or read book The Marketplace of Christianity written by Robert B. Ekelund, Jr. and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2008-09-26 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economics can help us understand the evolution and development of religion, from the market penetration of the Reformation to an exploration of today's hot-button issues including evolution and gay marriage. This startlingly original (and sure to be controversial) account of the evolution of Christianity shows that the economics of religion has little to do with counting the money in the collection basket and much to do with understanding the background of today's religious and political divisions. Since religion is a set of organized beliefs, and a church is an organized body of worshippers, it's natural to use a science that seeks to explain the behavior of organizations—economics—to understand the development of organized religion. The Marketplace of Christianity applies the tools of economic theory to illuminate the emergence of Protestantism in the sixteenth century and to examine contemporary religion-influenced issues, including evolution and gay marriage. The Protestant Reformation, the authors argue, can be seen as a successful penetration of a religious market dominated by a monopoly firm—the Catholic Church. The Ninety-five Theses nailed to the church door in Wittenberg by Martin Luther raised the level of competition within Christianity to a breaking point. The Counter-Reformation, the Catholic reaction, continued the competitive process, which came to include "product differentiation" in the form of doctrinal and organizational innovation. Economic theory shows us how Christianity evolved to satisfy the changing demands of consumers—worshippers. The authors of The Marketplace of Christianity avoid value judgments about religion. They take preferences for religion as given and analyze its observable effects on society and the individual. They provide the reader with clear and nontechnical background information on economics and the economics of religion before focusing on the Reformation and its aftermath. Their analysis of contemporary hot-button issues—science vs. religion, liberal vs. conservative, clerical celibacy, women and gay clergy, gay marriage—offers a vivid illustration of the potential of economic analysis to contribute to our understanding of religion.
Book Synopsis Usury in Christendom by : Michael A. Hoffman
Download or read book Usury in Christendom written by Michael A. Hoffman and published by . This book was released on 2013-01-04 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Religion by : Rachel M. McCleary
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Religion written by Rachel M. McCleary and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-01-27 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a one-of-kind volume bringing together leading scholars in the economics of religion for the first time. The treatment of topics is interdisciplinary, comparative, as well as global in nature. Scholars apply the economics of religion approach to contemporary issues such as immigrants in the United States and ask historical questions such as why did Judaism as a religion promote investment in education? The economics of religion applies economic concepts (for example, supply and demand) and models of the market to the study of religion. Advocates of the economics of religion approach look at ways in which the religion market influences individual choices as well as institutional development. For example, economists would argue that when a large denomination declines, the religion is not supplying the right kind of religious good that appeals to the faithful. Like firms, religions compete and supply goods. The economics of religion approach using rational choice theory, assumes that all human beings, regardless of their cultural context, their socio-economic situation, act rationally to further his/her ends. The wide-ranging topics show the depth and breadth of the approach to the study of religion.
Book Synopsis The Richest Man Who Ever Lived by : Greg Steinmetz
Download or read book The Richest Man Who Ever Lived written by Greg Steinmetz and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2015-08-04 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A colorful introduction to one of the most influential businessmen in history” (The New York Times Book Review), Jacob Fugger—the Renaissance banker “who wrote the playbook for everyone who keeps score with money” (Bryan Burrough, author of Days of Rage). In the days when Columbus sailed the ocean and Da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa, a German banker named Jacob Fugger became the richest man in history. Fugger lived in Germany at the turn of the sixteenth century, the grandson of a peasant. By the time he died, his fortune amounted to nearly two percent of European GDP. In an era when kings had unlimited power, Fugger dared to stare down heads of state and ask them to pay back their loans—with interest. It was this coolness and self-assurance, along with his inexhaustible ambition, that made him not only the richest man ever, but a force of history as well. Before Fugger came along it was illegal under church law to charge interest on loans, but he got the Pope to change that. He also helped trigger the Reformation and likely funded Magellan’s circumnavigation of the globe. His creation of a news service gave him an information edge over his rivals and customers and earned Fugger a footnote in the history of journalism. And he took Austria’s Habsburg family from being second-tier sovereigns to rulers of the first empire where the sun never set. “Enjoyable…readable and fast-paced” (The Wall Street Journal), The Richest Man Who Ever Lived is more than a tale about the most influential businessman of all time. It is a story about palace intrigue, knights in battle, family tragedy and triumph, and a violent clash between the one percent and everybody else. “The tale of Fugger’s aspiration, ruthlessness, and greed is riveting” (The Economist).
Book Synopsis Religion and Finance by : Mervyn K. Lewis
Download or read book Religion and Finance written by Mervyn K. Lewis and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2019 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Judaism, Christianity and Islam all impose obligations and constraints upon the rightful use of wealth and earthly resources. All three of these religions have well-researched views on the acceptability of practices such as usury but the principles and practices of other, non-interest, financial instruments are less well known. This book examines each of these three major world faiths, considering their teachings, social precepts and economic frameworks, which are set out as a guide for the financial dealings and economic behaviour of their adherents.
Author :Sidney Homer Publisher :New Brunswick, N.J. : Rutgers University Press ISBN 13 :9780813508405 Total Pages :640 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (84 download)
Book Synopsis A History of Interest Rates by : Sidney Homer
Download or read book A History of Interest Rates written by Sidney Homer and published by New Brunswick, N.J. : Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 1977 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A History of Interest Rates, Fourth Edition presents a readable account of interest rate trends and lending practices spanning over four millennia of economic history. Filled with in-depth insights and illustrative charts and tables, this unique resource provides a broad perspective on interest rate movements - from which financial professionals can evaluate contemporary interest rate and monetary developments - and applies analytical tools, such as yield-curve averaging and decennial averaging, to the data available." "A History of Interest Rates, Fourth Edition offers a highly detailed analysis of money markets and borrowing practices in major economies. It places the rates and corresponding credit forms in context by summarizing the political and economic events and financial customs of particular times and places." "To help you stay as current as possible, this revised and updated Fourth Edition contains a new chapter of contemporary material as well as added discussions of interest rate developments over the past ten years."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Financial Regulation by : Emilios Avgouleas
Download or read book The Political Economy of Financial Regulation written by Emilios Avgouleas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the law and policy of financial regulation using a combination of conceptual analysis and strong empirical research.
Book Synopsis The Agricultural Revolution by : Eric Kerridge
Download or read book The Agricultural Revolution written by Eric Kerridge and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2005. This book argues that the agricultural revolution took place in England in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and not in the eighteenth and nineteenth.
Book Synopsis God and the Moneylenders by : Norman Leslie Jones
Download or read book God and the Moneylenders written by Norman Leslie Jones and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1989 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Money, Greed, and God by : Jay W. Richards
Download or read book Money, Greed, and God written by Jay W. Richards and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2009-05-05 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Money, Greed, and God: Why Capitalism is the Solution and Not the Problem, Senior Fellow at the Discovery Institute Jay W. Richards and bestselling author of Indivisible: Restoring Faith, Family, and Freedom Before It's Too Late and Infiltrated: How to Stop the Insiders and Activists Who Are Exploiting the Financial Crisis to Control Our Lives and Our Fortunes, defends capitalism within the context of the Christian faith, revealing how entrepreneurial enterprise, based on hard work, honesty, and trust, actually fosters creativity and growth. In doing so, Money, Greed, and God exposes eight myths about capitalism, and demonstrates that a good Christian can be a good capitalist.
Book Synopsis The Promise and Peril of Credit by : Francesca Trivellato
Download or read book The Promise and Peril of Credit written by Francesca Trivellato and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How an antisemitic legend gave voice to widespread fears surrounding the expansion of private credit in Western capitalism The Promise and Peril of Credit takes an incisive look at pivotal episodes in the West’s centuries-long struggle to define the place of private finance in the social and political order. It does so through the lens of a persistent legend about Jews and money that reflected the anxieties surrounding the rise of impersonal credit markets. By the close of the Middle Ages, new and sophisticated credit instruments made it easier for European merchants to move funds across the globe. Bills of exchange were by far the most arcane of these financial innovations. Intangible and written in a cryptic language, they fueled world trade but also lured naive investors into risky businesses. Francesca Trivellato recounts how the invention of these abstruse credit contracts was falsely attributed to Jews, and how this story gave voice to deep-seated fears about the unseen perils of the new paper economy. She locates the legend’s earliest version in a seventeenth-century handbook on maritime law and traces its legacy all the way to the work of the founders of modern social theory—from Marx to Weber and Sombart. Deftly weaving together economic, legal, social, cultural, and intellectual history, Trivellato vividly describes how Christian writers drew on the story to define and redefine what constituted the proper boundaries of credit in a modern world increasingly dominated by finance.
