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Using Computer Simulation To Explore Multi Compartment Effects And Mitigation Strategies For Residential Exposure To Secondhad Tobacco Smoke
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Book Synopsis Using Computer Simulation to Explore Multi-compartment Effects and Mitigation Strategies for Residential Exposure to Secondhad Tobacco Smoke by : Neil Edward Klepeis
Download or read book Using Computer Simulation to Explore Multi-compartment Effects and Mitigation Strategies for Residential Exposure to Secondhad Tobacco Smoke written by Neil Edward Klepeis and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Computer Simulation Model for Analyzing Mobile Source Air Pollution Control Strategies by : Mathtech, inc
Download or read book A Computer Simulation Model for Analyzing Mobile Source Air Pollution Control Strategies written by Mathtech, inc and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Identifying and Quantifying Secondhand Tobacco Smoke in Multiunit Homes by :
Download or read book Identifying and Quantifying Secondhand Tobacco Smoke in Multiunit Homes written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Identifying and quantifying secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) that transfers between multiunit homes (MUHs) is essential for accurately assessing resident exposure. Multiple measures of real-time particle size, real-time particle composition, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) combined together in (a) logistic regression models, and (b) chemical mass balance (CMB) analysis can enable accurate identification and quantification of SHS with precise time resolution. This is possible even in receptor rooms adjacent to the source location. In a controlled study of 13 two-room experiments, logistic regression models correctly predicted the presence of cigarette smoke more than 80% of the time in both source and receptor rooms, with one model correct in 100% of applicable cases. CMB analysis provided PM2.5 concentration estimates of all true sources 9 of 13 times in both source and receptor rooms. Furthermore, in a field study of five MUHs with tobacco smoke odor complaints, logistic regression models identified SHS in eight periods when residents smelled smoke, and CMB provided estimates of SHS magnitude in six of those eight periods. In addition, both approaches enabled identification and/or apportionment of SHS in five additional periods when residents did not report smelling smoke, and properly identified and apportioned all six cooking events used as no-SHS controls. This methodology can augment sampling for single tracers, such as nicotine; while the tracer provides definitive proof of SHS entry at some point during a monitoring period, these approaches enable precise identification of the magnitude and duration of the SHS intrusion. Such precision is essential for an accurate assessment of resident exposure.
Book Synopsis A Real-Time Intervention to Improve Household Air Quality Among Low-Income Families by :
Download or read book A Real-Time Intervention to Improve Household Air Quality Among Low-Income Families written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifty years following the first U.S. Surgeon General's Report on Smoking there have been significant decreases in national prevalence of smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke. However, tobacco use and exposure remains a leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. Community strategies, such as voluntary and legislative smoke-free policies, have been effective tools for protecting the health of people exposed to smoke in public and private spaces. To date these strategies have been less successful at protecting children and others in private homes. Biological evidence suggests that more than fifty percent of children are exposed to toxic and hazardous secondhand smoke, primarily at home, with a disproportionate amount of exposure among children in low-income families. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has prioritized reduction of children's exposure to secondhand smoke by identifying it as a leading health indicator and creating a specific Healthy People 2020 objective to address this problem. There is no safe level of exposure to secondhand smoke and home-based interventions to protect children from secondhand smoke are needed. The present n-of-1 clinical trial investigated a real-time intervention to reduce secondhand smoke exposure among young children. A total of 14 families with at least one smoker and one child under the age of five living in the home were recruited. The single case design with repeated measures and group design each provided enough power to detect statistically significant negative differences in cumulative daily geometric mean particle counts and cumulative hours of particle counts above 60[mu]g/m3 in experimental homes using visual analyses, generalized additive models, and multi-levels models with fixed effects. Urine cotinine was positivity and strongly correlated with average log mean particle counts and thus a marker of SHSe. Real-time and delayed real-time feedback resulted in overall and individual home decreases in daily geometric mean fine particle counts thus improving household air quality including probable SHSe reduction.
Book Synopsis Using Compartmentalization to Mitigate the Impacts of Stack Effect in Tall Residential Buildings by : Junting Li
Download or read book Using Compartmentalization to Mitigate the Impacts of Stack Effect in Tall Residential Buildings written by Junting Li and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural stack action affects all types of buildings, but it becomes a significant driving force and imposes adverse impacts on tall buildings. Traditional approaches such as corridor pressurization system, revolving doors, and airtight exterior envelope to mitigate stack-action induced problems may not be effective for tall residential buildings; hence, an alternative mitigation strategy is required. Compartmentalization is one potential solution which can be used to effectively control stack induced pressures and airflows. However, there exists little information in the academic literature about the effectiveness of using compartmentalization. This thesis begins by looking at the difficulties faced when assessing the effectiveness of compartmentalization. Then, using computer simulation, a quantitative analysis on the potential improvement resulting from implementing compartmentalization is presented. The simulation results showed that compartmentalization is an effective means of controlling contamination air movements, improving building serviceability, providing sufficient ventilation, and reducing the total energy consumption related to conditioning air.
Book Synopsis The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke by :
Download or read book The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Surgeon General's report returns to the topic of the health effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. The last comprehensive review of this evidence by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) was in the 1986 Surgeon General's report, The Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking, published 20 years ago this year. This new report updates the evidence of the harmful effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. This large body of research findings is captured in an accompanying dynamic database that profiles key epidemiologic findings, and allows the evidence on health effects of exposure to tobacco smoke to be synthesized and updated (following the format of the 2004 report, The Health Consequences of Smoking). The database enables users to explore the data and studies supporting the conclusions in the report. The database is available on the Web site of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco.
Book Synopsis Indoor Pollutants by : National Research Council
Download or read book Indoor Pollutants written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses pollution from tobacco smoke, radon and radon progeny, asbestos and other fibers, formaldehyde, indoor combustion, aeropathogens and allergens, consumer products, moisture, microwave radiation, ultraviolet radiation, odors, radioactivity, and dirt and discusses means of controlling or eliminating them.
Book Synopsis America's Children and the Environment by : U.s. Environmental Protection Agency
Download or read book America's Children and the Environment written by U.s. Environmental Protection Agency and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-05-31 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "America's Children and the Environment (ACE)" is EPA's report presenting data on children's environmental health. ACE brings together information from a variety of sources to provide national indicators in the following areas: Environments and Contaminants, Biomonitoring, and Health. Environments and Contaminants indicators describe conditions in the environment, such as levels of air pollution. Biomonitoring indicators include contaminants measured in the bodies of children and women of child-bearing age, such as children's blood lead levels. Health indicators report the rates at which selected health outcomes occur among U.S. children, such as the annual percentage of children who currently have asthma. Accompanying each indicator is text discussing the relevance of the issue to children's environmental health and describing the data used in preparing the indicator. Wherever possible, the indicators are based on data sources that are updated in a consistent manner, so that indicator values may be compared over time.
Book Synopsis Basic Methods of Policy Analysis and Planning by : Carl Patton
Download or read book Basic Methods of Policy Analysis and Planning written by Carl Patton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-08-26 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updated in its 3rd edition, Basic Methods of Policy Analysis and Planning presents quickly applied methods for analyzing and resolving planning and policy issues at state, regional, and urban levels. Divided into two parts, Methods which presents quick methods in nine chapters and is organized around the steps in the policy analysis process, and Cases which presents seven policy cases, ranging in degree of complexity, the text provides readers with the resources they need for effective policy planning and analysis. Quantitative and qualitative methods are systematically combined to address policy dilemmas and urban planning problems. Readers and analysts utilizing this text gain comprehensive skills and background needed to impact public policy.
Book Synopsis The Federal Response to Hurricane Katrina by :
Download or read book The Federal Response to Hurricane Katrina written by and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2006 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The objective of this report is to identify and establish a roadmap on how to do that, and lay the groundwork for transforming how this Nation- from every level of government to the private sector to individual citizens and communities - pursues a real and lasting vision of preparedness. To get there will require significant change to the status quo, to include adjustments to policy, structure, and mindset"--P. 2.
Book Synopsis Climate Change, the Indoor Environment, and Health by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Climate Change, the Indoor Environment, and Health written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-10-01 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The indoor environment affects occupants' health and comfort. Poor environmental conditions and indoor contaminants are estimated to cost the U.S. economy tens of billions of dollars a year in exacerbation of illnesses like asthma, allergic symptoms, and subsequent lost productivity. Climate change has the potential to affect the indoor environment because conditions inside buildings are influenced by conditions outside them. Climate Change, the Indoor Environment, and Health addresses the impacts that climate change may have on the indoor environment and the resulting health effects. It finds that steps taken to mitigate climate change may cause or exacerbate harmful indoor environmental conditions. The book discusses the role the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) should take in informing the public, health professionals, and those in the building industry about potential risks and what can be done to address them. The study also recommends that building codes account for climate change projections; that federal agencies join to develop or refine protocols and testing standards for evaluating emissions from materials, furnishings, and appliances used in buildings; and that building weatherization efforts include consideration of health effects. Climate Change, the Indoor Environment, and Health is written primarily for the EPA and other federal agencies, organizations, and researchers with interests in public health; the environment; building design, construction, and operation; and climate issues.
Download or read book World Development Report 1978 written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1978 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first report deals with some of the major development issues confronting the developing countries and explores the relationship of the major trends in the international economy to them. It is designed to help clarify some of the linkages between the international economy and domestic strategies in the developing countries against the background of growing interdependence and increasing complexity in the world economy. It assesses the prospects for progress in accelerating growth and alleviating poverty, and identifies some of the major policy issues which will affect these prospects.
Book Synopsis The Craft and Science of Coffee by : Britta Folmer
Download or read book The Craft and Science of Coffee written by Britta Folmer and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-12-16 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Craft and Science of Coffee follows the coffee plant from its origins in East Africa to its current role as a global product that influences millions of lives though sustainable development, economics, and consumer desire. For most, coffee is a beloved beverage. However, for some it is also an object of scientifically study, and for others it is approached as a craft, both building on skills and experience. By combining the research and insights of the scientific community and expertise of the crafts people, this unique book brings readers into a sustained and inclusive conversation, one where academic and industrial thought leaders, coffee farmers, and baristas are quoted, each informing and enriching each other. This unusual approach guides the reader on a journey from coffee farmer to roaster, market analyst to barista, in a style that is both rigorous and experience based, universally relevant and personally engaging. From on-farming processes to consumer benefits, the reader is given a deeper appreciation and understanding of coffee's complexity and is invited to form their own educated opinions on the ever changing situation, including potential routes to further shape the coffee future in a responsible manner. Presents a novel synthesis of coffee research and real-world experience that aids understanding, appreciation, and potential action Includes contributions from a multitude of experts who address complex subjects with a conversational approach Provides expert discourse on the coffee calue chain, from agricultural and production practices, sustainability, post-harvest processing, and quality aspects to the economic analysis of the consumer value proposition Engages with the key challenges of future coffee production and potential solutions
Book Synopsis Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM Study).: Summary and analysis by :
Download or read book Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM Study).: Summary and analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Human exposure assessment : a guide to risk ranking, risk reduction, and research planning by :
Download or read book Human exposure assessment : a guide to risk ranking, risk reduction, and research planning written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Greater Than the Sum written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care by : World Health Organization
Download or read book WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care provide health-care workers (HCWs), hospital administrators and health authorities with a thorough review of evidence on hand hygiene in health care and specific recommendations to improve practices and reduce transmission of pathogenic microorganisms to patients and HCWs. The present Guidelines are intended to be implemented in any situation in which health care is delivered either to a patient or to a specific group in a population. Therefore, this concept applies to all settings where health care is permanently or occasionally performed, such as home care by birth attendants. Definitions of health-care settings are proposed in Appendix 1. These Guidelines and the associated WHO Multimodal Hand Hygiene Improvement Strategy and an Implementation Toolkit (http://www.who.int/gpsc/en/) are designed to offer health-care facilities in Member States a conceptual framework and practical tools for the application of recommendations in practice at the bedside. While ensuring consistency with the Guidelines recommendations, individual adaptation according to local regulations, settings, needs, and resources is desirable. This extensive review includes in one document sufficient technical information to support training materials and help plan implementation strategies. The document comprises six parts.
