Reducing the Use of Highly Enriched Uranium in Civilian Research Reactors

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309379210
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Reducing the Use of Highly Enriched Uranium in Civilian Research Reactors by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Reducing the Use of Highly Enriched Uranium in Civilian Research Reactors written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-02-12 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The continued presence of highly enriched uranium (HEU) in civilian installations such as research reactors poses a threat to national and international security. Minimization, and ultimately elimination, of HEU in civilian research reactors worldwide has been a goal of U.S. policy and programs since 1978. Today, 74 civilian research reactors around the world, including 8 in the United States, use or are planning to use HEU fuel. Since the last National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine report on this topic in 2009, 28 reactors have been either shut down or converted from HEU to low enriched uranium fuel. Despite this progress, the large number of remaining HEU-fueled reactors demonstrates that an HEU minimization program continues to be needed on a worldwide scale. Reducing the Use of Highly Enriched Uranium in Civilian Research Reactors assesses the status of and progress toward eliminating the worldwide use of HEU fuel in civilian research and test reactors.

Applications of Research Reactors

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Publisher : International Atomic Energy Agency
ISBN 13 : 9789201450104
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Applications of Research Reactors by : International Atomic Energy Agency

Download or read book Applications of Research Reactors written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by International Atomic Energy Agency. This book was released on 2014 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is a comprehensive study that reviews the current situation in a great number of applications of research reactors. It revises the contents of IAEA TECDOC-1234, The Applications of Research Reactors, giving detailed updates on each field of research reactor uses worldwide. Reactors of all sizes and capabilities can benefit from the sharing of current practices and research enabled via this updated version, which describes the requirements for practicing methods as diverse as neutron activation analysis, education and training, neutron scattering and neutron imaging, silicon doping and radioisotope production, material/fuel irradiation and testing, and some others. Many underutilised research reactors can learn how to diversify their technical capabilities, staff and potential commercial partners and users seeking research reactor services and products. The content of the publication has also been strengthened in terms of current issues facing the vast majority of research reactors by including sections describing user and customer relations as well as strategic planning considerations.

Medical Isotope Production Without Highly Enriched Uranium

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309130395
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Medical Isotope Production Without Highly Enriched Uranium by : National Research Council

Download or read book Medical Isotope Production Without Highly Enriched Uranium written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-06-27 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the product of a congressionally mandated study to examine the feasibility of eliminating the use of highly enriched uranium (HEU2) in reactor fuel, reactor targets, and medical isotope production facilities. The book focuses primarily on the use of HEU for the production of the medical isotope molybdenum-99 (Mo-99), whose decay product, technetium-99m3 (Tc-99m), is used in the majority of medical diagnostic imaging procedures in the United States, and secondarily on the use of HEU for research and test reactor fuel. The supply of Mo-99 in the U.S. is likely to be unreliable until newer production sources come online. The reliability of the current supply system is an important medical isotope concern; this book concludes that achieving a cost difference of less than 10 percent in facilities that will need to convert from HEU- to LEU-based Mo-99 production is much less important than is reliability of supply.

Strategic Planning for Research Reactors

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789201013170
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Strategic Planning for Research Reactors by : International Atomic Energy Agency

Download or read book Strategic Planning for Research Reactors written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2017-04-30 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is a revision of IAEA-TECDOC-1212 which primarily focused on enhancing the utilization of existing research reactors. This updated version also provides guidance on how to develop and implement a strategic plan for a new research reactor project and will be of particular interest for organizations which are preparing a feasibility study to establish such a new facility. This publication will enable managers to determine more accurately the actual and potential capabilities of an existing reactor, or the intended purpose and type of a new facility. At the same time, management will be able to match these capabilities to stakeholders/users' needs and establish the strategy of meeting such needs. In addition, several annexes are presented, including some examples as clarification to the main text and ready-to-use templates as assistance to the team drafting a strategic plan.

Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309445310
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-28 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The decay product of the medical isotope molybdenum-99 (Mo-99), technetium-99m (Tc-99m), and associated medical isotopes iodine-131 (I-131) and xenon-133 (Xe-133) are used worldwide for medical diagnostic imaging or therapy. The United States consumes about half of the world's supply of Mo-99, but there has been no domestic (i.e., U.S.-based) production of this isotope since the late 1980s. The United States imports Mo-99 for domestic use from Australia, Canada, Europe, and South Africa. Mo-99 and Tc-99m cannot be stockpiled for use because of their short half-lives. Consequently, they must be routinely produced and delivered to medical imaging centers. Almost all Mo-99 for medical use is produced by irradiating highly enriched uranium (HEU) targets in research reactors, several of which are over 50 years old and are approaching the end of their operating lives. Unanticipated and extended shutdowns of some of these old reactors have resulted in severe Mo-99 supply shortages in the United States and other countries. Some of these shortages have disrupted the delivery of medical care. Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging examines the production and utilization of Mo-99 and associated medical isotopes, and provides recommendations for medical use.

History, Development and Future of TRIGA Research Reactors

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789201281197
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (811 download)

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Book Synopsis History, Development and Future of TRIGA Research Reactors by :

Download or read book History, Development and Future of TRIGA Research Reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

U.S. Research Reactors

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis U.S. Research Reactors by : Battelle Memorial Institute. Columbus Laboratories

Download or read book U.S. Research Reactors written by Battelle Memorial Institute. Columbus Laboratories and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants

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Publisher : National Academy Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309272537
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (725 download)

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Book Synopsis Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants by : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety and Security of U.S. Nuclear Plants

Download or read book Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety and Security of U.S. Nuclear Plants and published by National Academy Press. This book was released on 2014-10-29 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The March 11, 2011, Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami sparked a humanitarian disaster in northeastern Japan. They were responsible for more than 15,900 deaths and 2,600 missing persons as well as physical infrastructure damages exceeding $200 billion. The earthquake and tsunami also initiated a severe nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. Three of the six reactors at the plant sustained severe core damage and released hydrogen and radioactive materials. Explosion of the released hydrogen damaged three reactor buildings and impeded onsite emergency response efforts. The accident prompted widespread evacuations of local populations, large economic losses, and the eventual shutdown of all nuclear power plants in Japan. "Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety and Security of U.S. Nuclear Plants" is a study of the Fukushima Daiichi accident. This report examines the causes of the crisis, the performance of safety systems at the plant, and the responses of its operators following the earthquake and tsunami. The report then considers the lessons that can be learned and their implications for U.S. safety and storage of spent nuclear fuel and high-level waste, commercial nuclear reactor safety and security regulations, and design improvements. "Lessons Learned" makes recommendations to improve plant systems, resources, and operator training to enable effective ad hoc responses to severe accidents. This report's recommendations to incorporate modern risk concepts into safety regulations and improve the nuclear safety culture will help the industry prepare for events that could challenge the design of plant structures and lead to a loss of critical safety functions. In providing a broad-scope, high-level examination of the accident, "Lessons Learned" is meant to complement earlier evaluations by industry and regulators. This in-depth review will be an essential resource for the nuclear power industry, policy makers, and anyone interested in the state of U.S. preparedness and response in the face of crisis situations.

Distribution and Administration of Potassium Iodide in the Event of a Nuclear Incident

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309166691
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Distribution and Administration of Potassium Iodide in the Event of a Nuclear Incident by : National Research Council

Download or read book Distribution and Administration of Potassium Iodide in the Event of a Nuclear Incident written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-12-17 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radioactive iodines are produced during the operation of nuclear power plants and during the detonation of nuclear weapons. In the event of a radiation incident, radioiodine is one of the contaminants that could be released into the environment. Exposure to radioiodine can lead to radiation injury to the thyroid, including thyroid cancer. Radiation to the thyroid from radioiodine can be limited by taking a nonradioactive iodine (stable iodine) such as potassium iodide. This book assesses strategies for the distribution and administration of potassium iodide (KI) in the event of a nuclear incident. The report says that potassium iodide pills should be available to everyone age 40 or youngerâ€"especially children and pregnant and lactating womenâ€"living near a nuclear power plant. States and municipalities should decide how to stockpile, distribute, and administer potassium iodide tablets, and federal agencies should keep a backup supply of tablets and be prepared to distribute them to affected areas.

Nuclear Weapons Nonproliferation Policy Concerning Foreign Research Reactor Spent Fuel

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Weapons Nonproliferation Policy Concerning Foreign Research Reactor Spent Fuel by :

Download or read book Nuclear Weapons Nonproliferation Policy Concerning Foreign Research Reactor Spent Fuel written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Study of Research Reactor Operating and Safety Experience

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis A Study of Research Reactor Operating and Safety Experience by : B. John Garrick

Download or read book A Study of Research Reactor Operating and Safety Experience written by B. John Garrick and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

USAEC Power-reactor Development Programs

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis USAEC Power-reactor Development Programs by : U.S. Atomic Energy Commission

Download or read book USAEC Power-reactor Development Programs written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Safe Operation of Critical Assemblies and Research Reactors

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Safe Operation of Critical Assemblies and Research Reactors by : International Atomic Energy Agency

Download or read book Safe Operation of Critical Assemblies and Research Reactors written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 1990

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1552 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 1990 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development

Download or read book Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 1990 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

U.S. Government Research & Development Reports

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis U.S. Government Research & Development Reports by :

Download or read book U.S. Government Research & Development Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Neutron Scattering

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123983851
Total Pages : 570 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Neutron Scattering by :

Download or read book Neutron Scattering written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-11-22 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work covers in some detail the application of neutron scattering to different fields of physics, materials science, chemistry, biology, the earth sciences and engineering. Its goal is to enable researchers in a particular area to identify aspects of their work in which neutron scattering techniques might contribute, conceive the important experiments to be done, assess what is required to carry them out, write a successful proposal for one of the major user facilities, and perform the experiments under the guidance of the appropriate instrument scientist. The authors of the various chapters take account of the advances in experimental techniques over the past 25 years--for example, neutron reflectivity and spin-echo spectroscopy and techniques for probing the dynamics of complex materials and biological systems. Furthermore, with the third-generation spallation sources recently constructed in the United States and Japan and in the advanced planning stage in Europe, there is an increasing interest in time-of-flight techniques and short wavelengths. Correspondingly, the improved performance of cold moderators at both reactors and spallation sources has extended the long-wavelength capabilities. - Chapter authors are pre-eminent in their field - Seminal experiments are presented as examples - Provides guidance on how to plan, execute and analyse experiments

Science, Technology and American Diplomacy

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 880 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Science, Technology and American Diplomacy by : United States. President

Download or read book Science, Technology and American Diplomacy written by United States. President and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: