Urdu Hindi An Artificial Divide

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Urdu/Hindi: An Artificial Divide

Author : Abdul Jamil Khan
Publisher : Algora Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0875864384
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (758 download)

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Book Synopsis Urdu/Hindi: An Artificial Divide by : Abdul Jamil Khan

Download or read book Urdu/Hindi: An Artificial Divide written by Abdul Jamil Khan and published by Algora Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a blow against the British Empire, Khan suggests that London artificially divided India's Hindu and Muslim populations by splitting their one language in two, then burying the evidence in obscure scholarly works outside the public view. All language is political -- and so is the boundary between one language and another. The author analyzes the origins of Urdu, one of the earliest known languages, and propounds the iconoclastic views that Hindi came from pre-Aryan Dravidian and Austric-Munda, not from Aryan's Sanskrit (which, like the Indo-European languages, Greek and Latin, etc., are rooted in the Middle East/Mesopotamia, not in Europe). Hindi's script came from the Aramaic system, similar to Greek, and in the 1800s, the British initiated the divisive game of splitting one language in two, Hindi (for the Hindus) and Urdu (for the Muslims). These facts, he says, have been buried and nearly lost in turgid academic works. Khan bolsters his hypothesis with copious technical linguistic examples. This may spark a revolution in linguistic history! Urdu/Hindi: An Artificial Divide integrates the out of Africa linguistic evolution theory with the fossil linguistics of Middle East, and discards the theory that Sanskrit descended from a hypothetical proto-IndoEuropean language and by degeneration created dialects, Urdu/Hindi and others. It shows that several tribes from the Middle East created the hybrid by cumulative evolution. The oldest groups, Austric and Dravidian, starting 8000 B.C. provided the grammar/syntax plus about 60% of vocabulary, S.K.T. added 10% after 1500 B.C. and Arabic/Persian 20-30% after A.D. 800. The book reveals Mesopotamia as the linguistic melting pot of Sumerian, Babylonian, Elamite, Hittite-Hurrian-Mitanni, etc., with a common script and vocabularies shared mutually and passed on to I.E., S.K.T., D.R., Arabic and then to Hindi/Urdu; in fact the author locates oldest evidence of S.K.T. in Syria. The book also exposes the myths of a revealed S.K.T. or Hebrew and the fiction of linguistic races, i.e. Aryan, Semitic, etc. The book supports the one world concept and reveals the potential of Urdu/Hindi to unite all genetic elements, races and regions of the Indo-Pakistan sub-continent. This is important reading not only for those interested to understand the divisive exploitation of languages in British-led India's partition, but for those interested in: - The science and history of origin of Urdu/Hindi (and other languages) - The false claims of linguistic races and creation - History of Languages and Scripts - Language, Mythology and Racism - Ancient History and Fossil Languages - British Rule and India's Partition.

Before the Divide

Author : Francesca Orsini
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788125038290
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (382 download)

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Book Synopsis Before the Divide by : Francesca Orsini

Download or read book Before the Divide written by Francesca Orsini and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a workshop on Intermediary Genres in Hindi and Urdu , Before the Divide: Hindi and Urdu Literary Culture is an attempt to rethink aspects of the literary histories of these two languages. Today, Hindi and Urdu are considered two separate languages, each with is own script, history, literary canon and cultural orientation. Yet, precolonial India was a deeply multilingual society with multiple traditions of knowledge and of literary production. Historically the divisions between Hindi and Urdu were not as sharp as we imagine them today. The essays in this volume reassess the definition and identity of language in the light of this. Various literary traditions have been examined keeping the historical, political and cultural developments in mind. The authors look at familiar and not so familiar Hindi and Urdu literary works and narratives and address logics of exclusion and that have gone into the creation of two separate languages (Hindi and Urdu) and the making of the literary canons of each. Issues of script, religious identity, gender are also considered. This volume is different in that it provides a new body of evidence and new categories that are needed to envisage the literary landscape pf north India before the construction of separate Hindu-Hindu and Muslim-Urdu literary traditions. This collection of essays looking into the rearticulation of language and its identity in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries will be useful for students of modern Indian history, language studies and cultural studies.

Tracing the Boundaries Between Hindi and Urdu

Author : Christine Everaert
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004177310
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Tracing the Boundaries Between Hindi and Urdu by : Christine Everaert

Download or read book Tracing the Boundaries Between Hindi and Urdu written by Christine Everaert and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2010 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds light on the complex relationship between Hindi and Urdu. Through a detailed reading of a representative set of 20th century short stories in both languages, the author leads the reader towards a clear definition of the differences between Hindi and Urdu. The full translations of the stories have been extensively annotated to point out the details in which the Hindi and Urdu versions differ. An overview of early and contemporary Hindi/Urdu and Hindustani grammars and language teaching textbooks demonstrates the problems of correctly naming and identifying the two languages. This book now offers a detailed and systematic database of syntactic, morphological and semantic differences between the selected Hindi and Urdu stories. A useful tool for all scholars of modern Hindi/Urdu fiction, (socio-)linguistics, history or social sciences.

Indian Literature

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1150 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Indian Literature by :

Download or read book Indian Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Indian Literature

Author : Saccidānandan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Indian Literature by : Saccidānandan

Download or read book Indian Literature written by Saccidānandan and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Volume Of Critical Essays On Indian Literature Cobers A Wide Range Of Genres Like Novel, Short Story And Poetry And Of Languages Like Hindi, English, Urdu, Bengali, Oriya, Kannada And Malayalam Besides English. Informed By A Deeo And Firsthand Awareness Of Indian Literary Trends And Texts As Well As Of Contemporary Literary Theory, These Essays Revaluate Concepts And Movements Like Modernism, Dalit Literature, Nativism And Feminism And Offer Close Readings Of The Texts Of A Number Of Indian Writers Including Premchand, Mirza Ghalib, Mahasweta Devi, Ramakanta Rath, Kamala Das, Chandrasekhara Kambar And Ayyappa Paniker. The Author'S Radical Democratic Attitude To Literature Is Evidenced By His Jusicious Is Evidenced By His Judicious Acceptance Of The Diversity Of Indian Literature And His Sympathetic Understanding Of Avant-Gardist And Subalyern Trends. His Perceptions Are Fresh, Position Well-Argued. Writen In A Lucid Jargon-Free Style, These Insightfuleassays, Including The Brief Editorial Reflections He Wrote For The Journal Indian Literature, Make An Indispensable And Fascinating Reading

One Language, Two Scripts

Author : Christopher Rolland King
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis One Language, Two Scripts by : Christopher Rolland King

Download or read book One Language, Two Scripts written by Christopher Rolland King and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Book Fills A Gap In Our Understanding Of The Role That Language Has Played Int He History And Politics Of Modern Indai And Will Make Interesting Reading For Historians, Linguists, Cultural Studies Scholars As Well As General Readers.

Writing Partition

Author : Bodh Prakash
Publisher : Pearson Education India
ISBN 13 : 9788131719329
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Writing Partition by : Bodh Prakash

Download or read book Writing Partition written by Bodh Prakash and published by Pearson Education India. This book was released on 2009 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Language of the Harappans

Author : Malati J. Shendge
Publisher : Abhinav Publications
ISBN 13 : 8170173256
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis The Language of the Harappans by : Malati J. Shendge

Download or read book The Language of the Harappans written by Malati J. Shendge and published by Abhinav Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since The Formulation Of Indo-European Theory In The 19Th C., Sanskrit Has Been Considered The Language Brought Over By The Aryas. This Raised The Question After The Discovery Of The Harappan Culture: What Was The Language Of The Harappans? This Book Tries To Answer This Question. Since The 19Th C. Sanskrit Has Been Considered The Language Of The Aryas. This Book Questions This Formulation And After Critically Reviewing The Evidence Of The Indo-Europeanists Offers An Alternative, Viz. That Akkadian, As The Language Of The Asuras, The Original Inhabitants Of The Land, Is The Parent Of Vedic And Classical Sanskrit.

Culture of Hindi

Author : Malika Mohammada
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Culture of Hindi by : Malika Mohammada

Download or read book Culture of Hindi written by Malika Mohammada and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Development of Urdu Language and Literature Under the Shadow of the British in India

Author : Dr. Nazir M. Gill
Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
ISBN 13 : 1479757942
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (797 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Urdu Language and Literature Under the Shadow of the British in India by : Dr. Nazir M. Gill

Download or read book Development of Urdu Language and Literature Under the Shadow of the British in India written by Dr. Nazir M. Gill and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main subject under discussion in this book is DEVELOPMENT OF URDU LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE UNDER THE SHADOW OF THE BRITISH IN INDIA. The writers hope is that it will throw fresh light on the subject and facilitate more understanding for the western readers. It is not a comprehensive survey, although, it deals with individual thinkers, and their contribution to Urdu literature between modernism and orthodoxy.

Limitless

Author : Jim Kwik
Publisher : Hay House, Inc
ISBN 13 : 1401958230
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Limitless by : Jim Kwik

Download or read book Limitless written by Jim Kwik and published by Hay House, Inc. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlock the full potential of your brain, learn faster, and achieve your goals with this instant New York Times and #1 Wall Street Journal bestseller from Jim Kwik, the world’s #1 brain coach. This ultimate brain training book is packed with practical techniques to help you level-up your mental performance and transform your life. “There’s no genius pill, but Jim gives you the process for unlocking your best brain and brightest future. Just like you want a healthy body, you want a flexible, strong, energized, and fit brain. That’s what Jim does for a living—he is the personal trainer for the mind.” — Mark Hyman, M.D., Head of Strategy and Innovation, Cleveland Clinic Center for Functional Medicine, author of 12 New York Times best-selling books For over 25 years, Jim Kwik has worked closely with successful men and women who are at the top in their fields as actors, athletes, CEOs, and business leaders from all walks of life to unlock their true potential. In Limitless, he reveals the science-based practices and field-tested tips to accelerate self-learning, communication, memory, focus, recall, and speed reading, to create amazing results. Limitless is the ultimate transformation book and gives people the ability to accomplish more--more productivity, more transformation, more personal success and business achievement--by changing their Mindset, Motivation, and Methods. These “3 M’s” live in the pages of Limitless along with practical techniques that unlock the superpowers of your brain and change your habits. Learn how to: FLIP YOUR MINDSET Identify and challenge the assumptions, habits, and procrastinations that limit you and expand the boundaries of what you believe is possible. IGNITE YOUR MOTIVATION By uncovering your passions, purposes, and sources of energy, you can stay focused and clear on your goals. Uncovering what motivates you is the key that opens up limitless mental capacity. This is where Passion + Purpose + Energy meet to move you closer to your goals, while staying focused and clear. MASTER THE METHOD Accelerate learning, improve memory, and enhance brain performance Jim Kwik applies the latest neuroscience for accelerated learning, and will help you finish a book 3x faster through speed reading (and remember every part of it), learn a new language in record time, and master new skills with ease. “What you’ll get within these pages is a series of tools that will help you cast off your perceived restrictions. You’re going to learn how to unlimit your brain. You’re going to learn how to unlimit your drive. You’re going to learn how to unlimit your memory, your focus, and your habits. If I am your mentor in your hero’s journey, then this book is your map to master your mind, motivation, and methods to learn how to learn. And once you’ve done that, you will be limitless.” –Jim Kwik Packed with tips and techniques to improve memory, focus, recall, and speed reading, this brain training book is the perfect gift for anyone looking to transform their life."

Fireflies in the Mist

Author : Qurratulain Hyder
Publisher : New Directions Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780811218658
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (186 download)

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Book Synopsis Fireflies in the Mist by : Qurratulain Hyder

Download or read book Fireflies in the Mist written by Qurratulain Hyder and published by New Directions Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One woman's journey through the tumultuous and passionate birth of a new nation.

From Hindi to Urdu

Author : Tariq Rahman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788125042488
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (424 download)

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Book Synopsis From Hindi to Urdu by : Tariq Rahman

Download or read book From Hindi to Urdu written by Tariq Rahman and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

From Hindi to Urdu

Author : Tariq Rahman
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780199403424
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis From Hindi to Urdu by : Tariq Rahman

Download or read book From Hindi to Urdu written by Tariq Rahman and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2018-02-10 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first of its kind on the socio-political history of Urdu. It analyses the historiography of the language-narratives about its names, linguistic ancestry, place of birth-and relates it to the politics of identity-construction among the Hindus and Muslims of India during the last two centuries. More importantly, a historical account of the use of Urdu in social domains such as employment, education, printing and publishing, radio, films and television etc. has been provided for the first time. These accounts are related to the expression of Hindu and Muslim identity-politics during the last two centuries. Evolution of Urdu from the language of the laity, both Hindus and Muslims, of the Indian subcontinent during the period between 15th-18th centuries to its standardization into two languages: Persianized Urdu and Sanskritized Hindi are highlighted here. The writer looks at narratives of the names, theories of genealogy and places of origin of the language in relation to the political imperatives of identity-politics of Hindus and Muslims during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. In a nutshell, historiography is analyzed with reference to its political and ideological dimensions-and a fresh analysis regarding the linguistic history of Urdu is provided.

Sophie's World

Author : Jostein Gaarder
Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN 13 : 1466804270
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (668 download)

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Book Synopsis Sophie's World by : Jostein Gaarder

Download or read book Sophie's World written by Jostein Gaarder and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2007-03-20 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One day Sophie comes home from school to find two questions in her mail: "Who are you?" and "Where does the world come from?" Before she knows it she is enrolled in a correspondence course with a mysterious philosopher. Thus begins Jostein Gaarder's unique novel, which is not only a mystery, but also a complete and entertaining history of philosophy.

ICTs and Sustainable Solutions for the Digital Divide: Theory and Perspectives

Author : Steyn, Jacques
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1615208003
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (152 download)

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Book Synopsis ICTs and Sustainable Solutions for the Digital Divide: Theory and Perspectives by : Steyn, Jacques

Download or read book ICTs and Sustainable Solutions for the Digital Divide: Theory and Perspectives written by Steyn, Jacques and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2010-09-30 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ICTs and Sustainable Solutions for the Digital Divide: Theory and Perspectives focuses on Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D), which includes any technology used for communication and information. This publication researches the social side of computing, the users, and the design of systems that meet the needs of "ordinary" users.

Language Conflict and Language Rights

Author : William D. Davies
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108655475
Total Pages : 451 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Language Conflict and Language Rights by : William D. Davies

Download or read book Language Conflict and Language Rights written by William D. Davies and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the colonial hegemony of empire fades around the world, the role of language in ethnic conflict has become increasingly topical, as have issues concerning the right of speakers to choose and use their preferred language(s). Such rights are often asserted and defended in response to their being violated. The importance of understanding these events and issues, and their relationship to individual, ethnic, and national identity, is central to research and debate in a range of fields outside of, as well as within, linguistics. This book provides a clearly written introduction for linguists and non-specialists alike, presenting basic facts about the role of language in the formation of identity and the preservation of culture. It articulates and explores categories of conflict and language rights abuses through detailed presentation of illustrative case studies, and distills from these key cross-linguistic and cross-cultural generalizations.