Unveiling Functions Of The Visual Cortex Using Task Specific Deep Neural Networks

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Analysis of Visual Behavior

Author : David Ingle
Publisher : MIT Press (MA)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 870 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Analysis of Visual Behavior by : David Ingle

Download or read book Analysis of Visual Behavior written by David Ingle and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1982 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Analysis of Visual Behavior" encompasses both theoretical and experimental research. It deals with the visual mechanisms of diverse vertebrate species from salamanders and toads to primates and humans and presents a stimulating interaction of the disciplines of anatomy, physiology, and behavioral science. Throughout, visual mechanisms are investigated from the point of view of the brain functioning at the organismic level, as opposed to the now more prevalent focus on the molecular and cellular levels. This approach allows researchers to deal with the patterns of visually guided behavior of animals in real-life situations.The twenty-six contributions in the book are divided among three sections: "Indentification and Localization Processes in Nonmammalian Vertebrates," introduced by David J. Ingle; "Visual Guidance of Motor Patterns: The Role of Visual Cortex and the Superior Colliculus," introduced by Melvyn A. Goodale; and "Recognition and Transfer Processes," introduced by Richard J. W. Mansfield.The editors are all university researchers in psychology: David J. Ingle at Brandeis, Melvyn A. Goodale at the University of Western Ontario, and Richard J. W. Mansfield at Harvard.

Models of the Visual Cortex

Author : David Rose
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 616 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Models of the Visual Cortex by : David Rose

Download or read book Models of the Visual Cortex written by David Rose and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1985 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and stimulating study which presents the views of 71 leading theorists on the underlying mechanisms and functions of the primary visual cortex.

Integrating Computational and Neural Findings in Visual Object Perception

Author : Judith C. Peters
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889198731
Total Pages : 139 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrating Computational and Neural Findings in Visual Object Perception by : Judith C. Peters

Download or read book Integrating Computational and Neural Findings in Visual Object Perception written by Judith C. Peters and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-06-29 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The articles in this Research Topic provide a state-of-the-art overview of the current progress in integrating computational and empirical research on visual object recognition. Developments in this exciting multidisciplinary field have recently gained momentum: High performance computing enabled breakthroughs in computer vision and computational neuroscience. In parallel, innovative machine learning applications have recently become available for datamining the large-scale, high resolution brain data acquired with (ultra-high field) fMRI and dense multi-unit recordings. Finally, new techniques to integrate such rich simulated and empirical datasets for direct model testing could aid the development of a comprehensive brain model. We hope that this Research Topic contributes to these encouraging advances and inspires future research avenues in computational and empirical neuroscience.

From Neurons to Neighborhoods

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309069882
Total Pages : 610 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis From Neurons to Neighborhoods by : National Research Council

Download or read book From Neurons to Neighborhoods written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-13 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.

Explainable AI: Interpreting, Explaining and Visualizing Deep Learning

Author : Wojciech Samek
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030289540
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Explainable AI: Interpreting, Explaining and Visualizing Deep Learning by : Wojciech Samek

Download or read book Explainable AI: Interpreting, Explaining and Visualizing Deep Learning written by Wojciech Samek and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-10 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of “intelligent” systems that can take decisions and perform autonomously might lead to faster and more consistent decisions. A limiting factor for a broader adoption of AI technology is the inherent risks that come with giving up human control and oversight to “intelligent” machines. For sensitive tasks involving critical infrastructures and affecting human well-being or health, it is crucial to limit the possibility of improper, non-robust and unsafe decisions and actions. Before deploying an AI system, we see a strong need to validate its behavior, and thus establish guarantees that it will continue to perform as expected when deployed in a real-world environment. In pursuit of that objective, ways for humans to verify the agreement between the AI decision structure and their own ground-truth knowledge have been explored. Explainable AI (XAI) has developed as a subfield of AI, focused on exposing complex AI models to humans in a systematic and interpretable manner. The 22 chapters included in this book provide a timely snapshot of algorithms, theory, and applications of interpretable and explainable AI and AI techniques that have been proposed recently reflecting the current discourse in this field and providing directions of future development. The book is organized in six parts: towards AI transparency; methods for interpreting AI systems; explaining the decisions of AI systems; evaluating interpretability and explanations; applications of explainable AI; and software for explainable AI.

Statistical Parametric Mapping: The Analysis of Functional Brain Images

Author : William D. Penny
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080466508
Total Pages : 689 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Parametric Mapping: The Analysis of Functional Brain Images by : William D. Penny

Download or read book Statistical Parametric Mapping: The Analysis of Functional Brain Images written by William D. Penny and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-28 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an age where the amount of data collected from brain imaging is increasing constantly, it is of critical importance to analyse those data within an accepted framework to ensure proper integration and comparison of the information collected. This book describes the ideas and procedures that underlie the analysis of signals produced by the brain. The aim is to understand how the brain works, in terms of its functional architecture and dynamics. This book provides the background and methodology for the analysis of all types of brain imaging data, from functional magnetic resonance imaging to magnetoencephalography. Critically, Statistical Parametric Mapping provides a widely accepted conceptual framework which allows treatment of all these different modalities. This rests on an understanding of the brain's functional anatomy and the way that measured signals are caused experimentally. The book takes the reader from the basic concepts underlying the analysis of neuroimaging data to cutting edge approaches that would be difficult to find in any other source. Critically, the material is presented in an incremental way so that the reader can understand the precedents for each new development. This book will be particularly useful to neuroscientists engaged in any form of brain mapping; who have to contend with the real-world problems of data analysis and understanding the techniques they are using. It is primarily a scientific treatment and a didactic introduction to the analysis of brain imaging data. It can be used as both a textbook for students and scientists starting to use the techniques, as well as a reference for practicing neuroscientists. The book also serves as a companion to the software packages that have been developed for brain imaging data analysis. - An essential reference and companion for users of the SPM software - Provides a complete description of the concepts and procedures entailed by the analysis of brain images - Offers full didactic treatment of the basic mathematics behind the analysis of brain imaging data - Stands as a compendium of all the advances in neuroimaging data analysis over the past decade - Adopts an easy to understand and incremental approach that takes the reader from basic statistics to state of the art approaches such as Variational Bayes - Structured treatment of data analysis issues that links different modalities and models - Includes a series of appendices and tutorial-style chapters that makes even the most sophisticated approaches accessible

The Neurosciences. A Study Program

Author : Gardner C. Quarton
Publisher : Rockefeller Univ. Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 986 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Neurosciences. A Study Program by : Gardner C. Quarton

Download or read book The Neurosciences. A Study Program written by Gardner C. Quarton and published by Rockefeller Univ. Press. This book was released on with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Theoretical Neuroscience

Author : Peter Dayan
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262541858
Total Pages : 477 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Theoretical Neuroscience by : Peter Dayan

Download or read book Theoretical Neuroscience written by Peter Dayan and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2005-08-12 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical neuroscience provides a quantitative basis for describing what nervous systems do, determining how they function, and uncovering the general principles by which they operate. This text introduces the basic mathematical and computational methods of theoretical neuroscience and presents applications in a variety of areas including vision, sensory-motor integration, development, learning, and memory. The book is divided into three parts. Part I discusses the relationship between sensory stimuli and neural responses, focusing on the representation of information by the spiking activity of neurons. Part II discusses the modeling of neurons and neural circuits on the basis of cellular and synaptic biophysics. Part III analyzes the role of plasticity in development and learning. An appendix covers the mathematical methods used, and exercises are available on the book's Web site.

Advanced Computational Intelligence Methods for Processing Brain Imaging Data

Author : Kaijian Xia
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832504620
Total Pages : 754 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Computational Intelligence Methods for Processing Brain Imaging Data by : Kaijian Xia

Download or read book Advanced Computational Intelligence Methods for Processing Brain Imaging Data written by Kaijian Xia and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-09 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Neural Information Processing

Author : Haiqin Yang
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030638235
Total Pages : 866 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Information Processing by : Haiqin Yang

Download or read book Neural Information Processing written by Haiqin Yang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 866 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two-volume set CCIS 1332 and 1333 constitutes thoroughly refereed contributions presented at the 27th International Conference on Neural Information Processing, ICONIP 2020, held in Bangkok, Thailand, in November 2020.* For ICONIP 2020 a total of 378 papers was carefully reviewed and selected for publication out of 618 submissions. The 191 papers included in this volume set were organized in topical sections as follows: data mining; healthcare analytics-improving healthcare outcomes using big data analytics; human activity recognition; image processing and computer vision; natural language processing; recommender systems; the 13th international workshop on artificial intelligence and cybersecurity; computational intelligence; machine learning; neural network models; robotics and control; and time series analysis. * The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Developing Positive Classroom Environments

Author : Beth Saggers
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000256731
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Developing Positive Classroom Environments by : Beth Saggers

Download or read book Developing Positive Classroom Environments written by Beth Saggers and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-07-16 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The middle years of learning are increasingly recognised as one of the most challenging yet opportune periods for growth and development. Based on the Positive Behaviour Support (PBS) framework, this book will equip educators with the appropriate knowledge, skills and strategies to support learners in maximising their educational success, managing emotional issues and making a successful transition to adulthood. Part A outlines the principles of the PBS framework, defines key characteristics of middle-years learners and provides insight from neuroscience into the nature of the adolescent brain. This section also looks at the importance of listening to the student voice, highlights issues that can arise during the transition into the middle years of schooling, and discusses the use of evidence-based PBS practices to encourage engagement and establish clear behavioural expectations with learners. Part B focuses on the practical aspects of implementing universal PBS strategies in the classroom, including developing strong and effective relationships with students, promoting school connectedness and supporting self-regulation. Part C examines more focused and intensive interventions, and provides strategies for working with students experiencing stress, anxiety and bullying. Finally, Part D discusses ways to support a range of perspectives and experiences in the middle-years, including trauma-affected students, ethnic and cultural diversity and students on the autism spectrum, as well as ways to use ICT to re-engage vulnerable students. This is an essential reference for both primary and secondary educators, revealing how PBS strategies can play a profound role in positively transforming classroom behaviour.

Scene Vision

Author : Kestutis Kveraga
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262027852
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Scene Vision by : Kestutis Kveraga

Download or read book Scene Vision written by Kestutis Kveraga and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cutting-edge research on the visual cognition of scenes, covering issues that include spatial vision, context, emotion, attention, memory, and neural mechanisms underlying scene representation. For many years, researchers have studied visual recognition with objects—single, clean, clear, and isolated objects, presented to subjects at the center of the screen. In our real environment, however, objects do not appear so neatly. Our visual world is a stimulating scenery mess; fragments, colors, occlusions, motions, eye movements, context, and distraction all affect perception. In this volume, pioneering researchers address the visual cognition of scenes from neuroimaging, psychology, modeling, electrophysiology, and computer vision perspectives. Building on past research—and accepting the challenge of applying what we have learned from the study of object recognition to the visual cognition of scenes—these leading scholars consider issues of spatial vision, context, rapid perception, emotion, attention, memory, and the neural mechanisms underlying scene representation. Taken together, their contributions offer a snapshot of our current knowledge of how we understand scenes and the visual world around us. Contributors Elissa M. Aminoff, Moshe Bar, Margaret Bradley, Daniel I. Brooks, Marvin M. Chun, Ritendra Datta, Russell A. Epstein, Michèle Fabre-Thorpe, Elena Fedorovskaya, Jack L. Gallant, Helene Intraub, Dhiraj Joshi, Kestutis Kveraga, Peter J. Lang, Jia Li Xin Lu, Jiebo Luo, Quang-Tuan Luong, George L. Malcolm, Shahin Nasr, Soojin Park, Mary C. Potter, Reza Rajimehr, Dean Sabatinelli, Philippe G. Schyns, David L. Sheinberg, Heida Maria Sigurdardottir, Dustin Stansbury, Simon Thorpe, Roger Tootell, James Z. Wang

Cognitive NeuroIntelligence

Author : Jia Liu
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889713407
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive NeuroIntelligence by : Jia Liu

Download or read book Cognitive NeuroIntelligence written by Jia Liu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-09-23 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Models of the Mind

Author : Grace Lindsay
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472966457
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (729 download)

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Book Synopsis Models of the Mind by : Grace Lindsay

Download or read book Models of the Mind written by Grace Lindsay and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-03-04 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human brain is made up of 85 billion neurons, which are connected by over 100 trillion synapses. For more than a century, a diverse array of researchers searched for a language that could be used to capture the essence of what these neurons do and how they communicate – and how those communications create thoughts, perceptions and actions. The language they were looking for was mathematics, and we would not be able to understand the brain as we do today without it. In Models of the Mind, author and computational neuroscientist Grace Lindsay explains how mathematical models have allowed scientists to understand and describe many of the brain's processes, including decision-making, sensory processing, quantifying memory, and more. She introduces readers to the most important concepts in modern neuroscience, and highlights the tensions that arise when the abstract world of mathematical modelling collides with the messy details of biology. Each chapter of Models of the Mind focuses on mathematical tools that have been applied in a particular area of neuroscience, progressing from the simplest building block of the brain – the individual neuron – through to circuits of interacting neurons, whole brain areas and even the behaviours that brains command. In addition, Grace examines the history of the field, starting with experiments done on frog legs in the late eighteenth century and building to the large models of artificial neural networks that form the basis of modern artificial intelligence. Throughout, she reveals the value of using the elegant language of mathematics to describe the machinery of neuroscience.

The Neocortex

Author : Wolf Singer
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262043246
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Neocortex by : Wolf Singer

Download or read book The Neocortex written by Wolf Singer and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-10-29 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts review the latest research on the neocortex and consider potential directions for future research. Over the past decade, technological advances have dramatically increased information on the structural and functional organization of the brain, especially the cerebral cortex. This explosion of data has radically expanded our ability to characterize neural circuits and intervene at increasingly higher resolutions, but it is unclear how this has informed our understanding of underlying mechanisms and processes. In search of a conceptual framework to guide future research, leading researchers address in this volume the evolution and ontogenetic development of cortical structures, the cortical connectome, and functional properties of neuronal circuits and populations. They explore what constitutes “uniquely human” mental capacities and whether neural solutions and computations can be shared across species or repurposed for potentially uniquely human capacities. Contributors Danielle S. Bassett, Randy M. Bruno, Elizabeth A. Buffalo, Michael E. Coulter, Hermann Cuntz, Stanislas Dehaene, James J. DiCarlo, Pascal Fries, Karl J. Friston, Asif A. Ghazanfar, Anne-Lise Giraud, Joshua I. Gold, Scott T. Grafton, Jennifer M. Groh, Elizabeth A. Grove, Saskia Haegens, Kenneth D. Harris, Kristen M. Harris, Nicholas G. Hatsopoulos, Tarik F. Haydar, Takao K. Hensch, Wieland B. Huttner, Matthias Kaschube, Gilles Laurent, David A. Leopold, Johannes Leugering, Belen Lorente-Galdos, Jason N. MacLean, David A. McCormick, Lucia Melloni, Anish Mitra, Zoltán Molnár, Sydney K. Muchnik, Pascal Nieters, Marcel Oberlaender, Bijan Pesaran, Christopher I. Petkov, Gordon Pipa, David Poeppel, Marcus E. Raichle, Pasko Rakic, John H. Reynolds, Ryan V. Raut, John L. Rubenstein, Andrew B. Schwartz, Terrence J. Sejnowski, Nenad Sestan, Debra L. Silver, Wolf Singer, Peter L. Strick, Michael P. Stryker, Mriganka Sur, Mary Elizabeth Sutherland, Maria Antonietta Tosches, William A. Tyler, Martin Vinck, Christopher A. Walsh, Perry Zurn

Learning Deep Architectures for AI

Author : Yoshua Bengio
Publisher : Now Publishers Inc
ISBN 13 : 1601982941
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Learning Deep Architectures for AI by : Yoshua Bengio

Download or read book Learning Deep Architectures for AI written by Yoshua Bengio and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical results suggest that in order to learn the kind of complicated functions that can represent high-level abstractions (e.g. in vision, language, and other AI-level tasks), one may need deep architectures. Deep architectures are composed of multiple levels of non-linear operations, such as in neural nets with many hidden layers or in complicated propositional formulae re-using many sub-formulae. Searching the parameter space of deep architectures is a difficult task, but learning algorithms such as those for Deep Belief Networks have recently been proposed to tackle this problem with notable success, beating the state-of-the-art in certain areas. This paper discusses the motivations and principles regarding learning algorithms for deep architectures, in particular those exploiting as building blocks unsupervised learning of single-layer models such as Restricted Boltzmann Machines, used to construct deeper models such as Deep Belief Networks.

Human Spatial Navigation

Author : Arne Ekstrom
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691171742
Total Pages : 213 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Spatial Navigation by : Arne Ekstrom

Download or read book Human Spatial Navigation written by Arne Ekstrom and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-07 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to comprehensively explore the cognitive foundations of human spatial navigation Humans possess a range of navigation and orientation abilities, from the ordinary to the extraordinary. All of us must move from one location to the next, following habitual routes and avoiding getting lost. While there is more to learn about how the brain underlies our ability to navigate, neuroscience and psychology have begun to converge on some important answers. In Human Spatial Navigation, four leading experts tackle fundamental and unique issues to produce the first book-length investigation into this subject. Opening with the vivid story of Puluwat sailors who navigate in the open ocean with no mechanical aids, the authors begin by dissecting the behavioral basis of human spatial navigation. They then focus on its neural basis, describing neural recordings, brain imaging experiments, and patient studies. Recent advances give unprecedented insights into what is known about the cognitive map and the neural systems that facilitate navigation. The authors discuss how aging and diseases can impede navigation, and they introduce cutting-edge network models that show how the brain can act as a highly integrated system underlying spatial navigation. Throughout, the authors touch on fascinating examples of able navigators, from the Inuit of northern Canada to London taxi drivers, and they provide a critical lens into previous navigation research, which has primarily focused on other species, such as rodents. An ideal book for students and researchers seeking an accessible introduction to this important topic, Human Spatial Navigation offers a rich look into spatial memory and the neuroscientific foundations for how we make our way in the world.