Unleashing Central America's Growth Potential

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (127 download)

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Book Synopsis Unleashing Central America's Growth Potential by : Hulya Ulku

Download or read book Unleashing Central America's Growth Potential written by Hulya Ulku and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Central America comprises a diverse set of countries, including two high-middle-income countries (Costa Rica and Panama), two of the poorest countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (Honduras and Nicaragua), and two middle-income economies (Guatemala and El Salvador). Low productivity and weak institutions are behind the modest economic growth in Central America in recent years. Both the common features and striking differences among Central American countries provide a fertile ground for exploiting complementarities. Common features include: (i) strong economic links to the United States; (ii) high labor mobility across countries and a high level of informality; (iii) the relatively poor quality of infrastructure, including border crossings; (iv) a concentration of poverty in rural areas, with a low provision of public services, that affect particularly vulnerable groups such as indigenous and Afro-descendent populations; and (v) a high exposure to natural disasters and economic and financial volatility. The economies of each of the six countries in the sub-region were heavily affected by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In order to restore economic activity in the short run and increase potential output over the long run, Central America should launch coordinated policy action in five areas: (i) global value chain (GVCs); (ii) trade integration; (iii) formalization; (iv) management of volatility; and (v) remittances (for the northern Central American countries). The findings and recommendations emerging from the analyses are presented in the report.

Unleashing Central America's Growth Potential

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Unleashing Central America's Growth Potential by : Hulya Ulku

Download or read book Unleashing Central America's Growth Potential written by Hulya Ulku and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Central America's priority is to recover from its deepest economic contraction and restore strong, sustainable economic growth. With increases in working age population projected to decline sharply, strong growth in the long run can only be achieved with higher productivity. More effective participation in global value chains (GVCs), as well as a robust shift towards sophisticated exports of goods and services will be needed, but neither can be ensured without firms investing in productivity-enhancing innovations. With a high likelihood of limited structural change, greater aggregate productivity must come from within each sector of manufacturing, services and agriculture. The synthesis report analyzes the main findings of the Unleashing Central America's Growth Potential Study, focusing on productivity and export performance of the region over the past three decades and accounting for the impact of the Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic on the region. It aims to identify broad strategic directions for the region that would help to increase sophistication of exports, reduce productivity gaps within the region and vis-à-vis other regions, and achieve higher productivity growth. Where relevant, the report suggests areas for further work that could help develop more granular policy recommendations. The rest of this synthesis report is organized as follows: the first section provides an overview of the growth performance of the region over the last thirty years, and provides the current and future challenges facing the region; the second section reviews the performance of productivity growth during 1991-2017; and the third section reviews the growth of exports of goods and services during 1991-2017.

Economic Development in Central America: Growth and internationalization

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Development in Central America: Growth and internationalization by : Felipe Larraín B.

Download or read book Economic Development in Central America: Growth and internationalization written by Felipe Larraín B. and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Dynamics of Sectoral Growth in Central America

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Dynamics of Sectoral Growth in Central America by : Clarence Zuvekas

Download or read book The Dynamics of Sectoral Growth in Central America written by Clarence Zuvekas and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Role of Structural Reforms in Raising Economic Growth in Central America

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1463923279
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (639 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Structural Reforms in Raising Economic Growth in Central America by : Mr.Andrew Swiston

Download or read book The Role of Structural Reforms in Raising Economic Growth in Central America written by Mr.Andrew Swiston and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-10-01 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Central America experienced moderate growth during the last decade, including in the years leading up to the global financial crisis, but the rate of convergence toward advanced country income levels has still been slow. Moreover, forecasts imply that these trends will continue. What can be done to spur higher growth in Central America? We bring new data to bear on this question-version 7.0 of the Penn World Table and a new IMF database on structural reforms. Our cross-country panel regression of economic growth using System GMM captures the importance to growth of conditional convergence, factor accumulation, and macro policies. In addition, structural efficiency is a significant factor in explaining growth performance. We construct a broad index of efficiency and find that increasing the degree of structural efficiency by one standard deviation raises growth by 1⁄2 percent. This implies that Central American countries could significantly increase their long-run growth rates by increasing the flexibility of markets and improving the quality of regulation.

Economic Development in Central America

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Development in Central America by : Felipe Larraín B.

Download or read book Economic Development in Central America written by Felipe Larraín B. and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Economies of Central America

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Publisher : Holmes & Meier Publishers
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Economies of Central America by : John Weeks

Download or read book The Economies of Central America written by John Weeks and published by Holmes & Meier Publishers. This book was released on 1985 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Challenges and Prospects for Central America in a Context of Global Trade

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Publisher : IICA Biblioteca Venezuela
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Challenges and Prospects for Central America in a Context of Global Trade by : Villasuso Estomba Villasuso E.

Download or read book Challenges and Prospects for Central America in a Context of Global Trade written by Villasuso Estomba Villasuso E. and published by IICA Biblioteca Venezuela. This book was released on 1993 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The 4% Solution

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Publisher : Crown Currency
ISBN 13 : 0307986152
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (79 download)

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Book Synopsis The 4% Solution by : The Bush Institute

Download or read book The 4% Solution written by The Bush Institute and published by Crown Currency. This book was released on 2012-07-17 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreword by President George W. Bush With contributions from world renowned economists and Nobel prizewinners, The 4% Solution is a blueprint for restoring America’s economic health The United States is reaching a pivotal point in its economic history. Millions of Americans owe more on their homes than they are worth, long-term unemployment is alarmingly high, and the Congressional Budget Office is projecting a sustainable growth rate of only 2.3%—a full percentage point below the average for the past sixty years. Unless a turnaround comes quickly, the United States could be mired in debt for years to come and millions of Americans will be pushed to the sidelines of the economy. The 4% Solution offers clear and unflinching ideas on how to revive America’s economy. It sets a positive economic goal and asks some of the top economic minds on how to achieve it. With a focus on removing government constraints, The 4% Solution defines the policies that will allow Americans to save, invest, and create the jobs that the United States needs. The 4% Solution draws on the best minds in the business, including five Nobel laureates: · Robert E. Lucas, Jr., on the history and future of economic growth · Gary S. Becker on why we need immigrants in order to grow · Edward Prescott on the cost (to growth) of the welfare state · Vernon Smith on why housing leads us into and out of recessions · Myron Scholes on why we need to innovate in order to grow the economy

Economic Development and Prospects of Central America

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Development and Prospects of Central America by : International Development Association. Western Hemisphere Department

Download or read book Economic Development and Prospects of Central America written by International Development Association. Western Hemisphere Department and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cashing in on Education

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464809038
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Cashing in on Education by : Mercedes Mateo Díaz

Download or read book Cashing in on Education written by Mercedes Mateo Díaz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-10-19 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investments in education across countries in Latin America and the Caribbean have transformed the lives of millions of girls and the prospects of their families and societies. Unleashing the full economic potential of women is nevertheless still a curtailed issue in the region: just about half of women are unable to participate in paid work. The majority of the population out of the labor market is women between the ages of 24 and 45. This is the largest share of the available pool of unused human capital countries have, and where mothers of young children are concentrated. This book argues that more and better childcare constitutes a fundamental policy option to improve female outcomes in the labor market, but countries need to pay particular attention to the design and features of such services. First-rate educational programs will be useless if children are not enrolled or do not attend formal education centers. A large program expansion will be wasted if parents cannot enroll their children because they are unable to reach the center, don’t trust its quality, if the program is too expensive, or if work and care schedules are not compatible. Through an integrated framework applied to each country and an overview of the existing evidence, this book addresses the why and what questions about policy relevant instruments to achieve female labor participation. Parts I and II of the book lay out the motivation for Latin-American and Caribbean countries to act depicting their current situation both in terms of women’s labor participation and the use and provision of childcare services. Moreover, this book tackles the how question contributing to the incipient evidence about factors affecting the take-up of programs and demand for childcare services and other informal care arrangements. Part III of the book explores how to improve services and implement more and better formal, center-based care arrangements for young children. It looks at international benchmarks, discusses different experiences and proposes specific actions to solve potential inequalities in access to childcare.

Falling Long-Term Growth Prospects

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464820015
Total Pages : 703 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Falling Long-Term Growth Prospects by : M. Ayhan Kose

Download or read book Falling Long-Term Growth Prospects written by M. Ayhan Kose and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2024-03-06 with total page 703 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A structural growth slowdown is under way across the world: at current trends, the global rate of potential growth is expected to fall to a three-decade low over the remainder of the 2020s. Nearly all the forces that have powered growth and prosperity since the early 1990s have weakened. In addition, a series of shocks has affected the global economy over the past three years. A persistent and broad-based decline in long-term growth prospects imperils the ability of emerging market and developing economies to combat poverty, tackle climate change, and meet other key development objectives. The challenges presented by this potential inability call for an ambitious policy response at the national and global levels. This book presents the first detailed analysis of the growth slowdown and a rich menu of policy options to deliver better growth outcomes. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This book presents a sobering analysis of the secular growth slowdown based on the most comprehensive database of potential growth estimates available to date. With nearly all the forces that have driven growth and prosperity in recent decades now weakened, the book argues that a prolonged period of weakness is under way, with serious implications for emerging market and developing economies. The authors call for bold policy actions at both the national and global levels to lift growth prospects. The book is essential reading for policy makers, economists, and anyone concerned about the future of the global economy. Beatrice Weder di Mauro Professor of International Economics, Geneva Graduate Institute, and President of the Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR) Economic policy making is becoming increasingly complicated in the 2020s. In addition to tackling traditional trade-offs in aggregate demand management and improving efficiency on the supply side, policy makers need to address new priorities and challenges, from addressing climate change and its impacts to improving income distribution, all in the context of lower growth rates, waning productivity growth, and flattening of the globalization process that has brought unprecedented prosperity across the globe and lifted more than a billion people out of poverty. In Falling Long-Term Growth Prospects, the authors do a phenomenal job of assessing these trends at the global and regional levels, identifying and unpacking salient twenty-first-century policy challenges, and providing thoughtful and evidence-based policy prescriptions for leaders in advanced, emerging market, and developing economies. Importantly, the book underscores that these challenges tend to be global and, hence, global cooperation at all levels is necessary to achieve optimal results. Alas, we seem to be going in the opposite direction; this book offers a road map to put us back on the path to creating a more integrated, prosperous, and equitable global community. Michael G. Plummer Director, SAIS Europe and ENI Professor of International Economics, The Johns Hopkins University

Shadow Economies Around the World: What Did We Learn Over the Last 20 Years?

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484339177
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Shadow Economies Around the World: What Did We Learn Over the Last 20 Years? by : Leandro Medina

Download or read book Shadow Economies Around the World: What Did We Learn Over the Last 20 Years? written by Leandro Medina and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-01-25 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We undertake an extended discussion of the latest developments about the existing and new estimation methods of the shadow economy. New results on the shadow economy for 158 countries all over the world are presented over 1991 to 2015. Strengths and weaknesses of these methods are assessed and a critical comparison and evaluation of the methods is carried out. The average size of the shadow economy of the 158 countries over 1991 to 2015 is 31.9 percent. The largest ones are Zimbabwe with 60.6 percent, and Bolivia with 62.3 percent of GDP. The lowest ones are Austria with 8.9 percent, and Switzerland with 7.2 percent. The new methods, especially the new macro method, Currency Demand Approach (CDA) and Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) in a structured hybrid-model based estimation procedure, are promising approaches from an econometric standpoint, alongside some new micro estimates. These estimations come quite close to others used by statistical offices or based on surveys.

Global Trends 2040

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Publisher : Cosimo Reports
ISBN 13 : 9781646794973
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (949 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council

Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

A Report of the International Commission for Central American Recovery and Development

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Publisher : Duke University Press Books
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis A Report of the International Commission for Central American Recovery and Development by : International Commission for Central American Recovery and Development

Download or read book A Report of the International Commission for Central American Recovery and Development written by International Commission for Central American Recovery and Development and published by Duke University Press Books. This book was released on 1989 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1980s were one of the most turbulent decades in Central America’s history, a history that has been marked by more than its share of strife and upheaval. The wars, economic hardship, and political unrest and instability that have dominated news of the region have been years in the making, the products of flawed and inequitable economic, social, and political structures. The International Commission for Central American Recovery and Development (ICCARD) was formed to provide a thorough diagnosis and analysis of Central America’s problems and to draft a comprehensive long-term strategy to move the region from decline to development. In this report ICCARD—through forty-five international experts in economics, public policy, management, and development it assembled for this purpose—attempts to rise above rhetoric and simplistic remedies to focus on well-reasoned, thorough, and realistic approaches to economic and social development. This volume reviews the unequal access of marginal groups to political and economic participation, the precarious situation of Central American financial institutions, the international debt situation, the prospects for regional political and economic integration, and other aspects of regional development. Each of these challenges is addressed by specific recommendations to the Central American governments, the governments of the industrialized nations, and international organizations.

Fundamental Tax Changes Needed to Unleash America's Small Businesses

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamental Tax Changes Needed to Unleash America's Small Businesses by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Taxation and Finance

Download or read book Fundamental Tax Changes Needed to Unleash America's Small Businesses written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Taxation and Finance and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Latin American Economic Outlook 2021 Working Together for a Better Recovery

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Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264682317
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (646 download)

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Book Synopsis Latin American Economic Outlook 2021 Working Together for a Better Recovery by : OECD

Download or read book Latin American Economic Outlook 2021 Working Together for a Better Recovery written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-12-02 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Latin American Economic Outlook 2021: Working Together for a Better Recovery aims to analyse and provide policy recommendations for a strong, inclusive and environmentally sustainable recovery in the region. The report explores policy actions to improve social protection mechanisms and increase social inclusion, foster regional integration and strengthen industrial strategies, and rethink the social contract to restore trust and empower citizens at all stages of the policy‐making process.