Unequal Development And Labour In Brazil

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Unequal Development and Labour in Brazil

Author : Gerry Rodgers
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000828778
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Unequal Development and Labour in Brazil by : Gerry Rodgers

Download or read book Unequal Development and Labour in Brazil written by Gerry Rodgers and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-30 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about unequal development and labour in Brazil, with particular reference to the economic and social development of the Northeast region, which has suffered persistent disadvantage. It combines a historical approach, which shows how economic, social and political institutions have been restructured over time, with an analysis of changes in the pattern of production, employment, unemployment and inequality up to the present day. It draws on detailed case studies to examine the connections between local and national production systems and critical labour market outcomes such as informality in employment, precarious work and disparities between genders, races and regions. The case of the Brazilian Northeast illustrates processes, relationships and policy debates that are important not only in Brazil but also elsewhere. The book will be of interest to teachers, researchers and students in economics, sociology, labour and development; public officials and policy-makers; the international development community; and the general public interested in Latin American affairs. They will find in the book an original and systematic analysis of the factors underlying unequal development and how they respond to different policy regimes and suggestions about the issues that need to be addressed in the future.

Tackling Inequalities in Brazil, China, India and South Africa The Role of Labour Market and Social Policies

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264088369
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Tackling Inequalities in Brazil, China, India and South Africa The Role of Labour Market and Social Policies by : OECD

Download or read book Tackling Inequalities in Brazil, China, India and South Africa The Role of Labour Market and Social Policies written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10-21 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the role of growth and employment/unemployment developments in explaining recent income inequality trends in Brazil, China, India and South Africa, and discusses the roles played by labour market and social policies in both shaping and addressing these inequalities.

Inequality and Economic Development in Brazil

Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821358801
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (588 download)

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Book Synopsis Inequality and Economic Development in Brazil by :

Download or read book Inequality and Economic Development in Brazil written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What makes Brazil so unequal? This title looks at this question and shows how inequalities weaken Brazil's economic development and what are the best policy options to reduce this inequity.

Paths of Inequality in Brazil

Author : Marta Arretche
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319781847
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Paths of Inequality in Brazil by : Marta Arretche

Download or read book Paths of Inequality in Brazil written by Marta Arretche and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents multidisciplinary analyses of the historical trajectories of social and economic inequalities in Brazil over the last 50 years. As one of the most unequal countries in the world, Brazil has always been an important case study for scholars interested in inequality research, but in the last few decades has brought a new phenomenon to renew researchers’ interest in the country. While the majority of democracies in the developed world have witnessed an increase in income inequality from the 1970s on, Brazil has followed the opposite path, registering a significant reduction of income inequality over the last 30 years. Bringing together studies carried out by experts from different areas, such as economists, sociologists, demographers and political scientists, this volume presents insights based on rigorous analyses of statistical data in an effort to explain the long term changes in social and economic inequalities in Brazil. The book adopts a multidisciplinary approach, analyzing the relations between income inequality and different dimensions of social life, such as education, health, political participation, public policies, demographics and labor market. All of this makes Paths of Inequality in Brazil – A Half-Century of Change a very valuable resource for social scientists interested in inequality research in general, and especially for sociologists, political scientists and economists interested in the social and economic changes that Brazil went through over the last two decades.

Growth and Inequality

Author : Alexandre de Freitas Barbosa
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108588875
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Growth and Inequality by : Alexandre de Freitas Barbosa

Download or read book Growth and Inequality written by Alexandre de Freitas Barbosa and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-11-08 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inequality is a global concern, for its social and human consequences, and its impact on the pace and pattern of economic growth. In India and Brazil, this issue has received increasing attention in recent years. In Brazil, inequality grew until the 1980s, when it reached extreme levels, but has since been declining, especially during the first decade of the twenty-first century. In India, inequality showed little change up to the 1980s, but has since been rising. These differences result from a variety of economic, social and political factors, which are examined in depth in this comparative study. The book examines inequality in overall distributions of income and expenditure, and disparities across gender, region, caste, race, and access to education. It compares the experience of the two countries, and draws conclusions on the types of policy frameworks and institutions that might lead to a more equitable pattern of growth.

Inequality in Brazil: A Regional Perspective

Author : Carlos Góes
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484324773
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Inequality in Brazil: A Regional Perspective by : Carlos Góes

Download or read book Inequality in Brazil: A Regional Perspective written by Carlos Góes and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-10-31 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, we document the decline in income inequality and a convergence in consumption patterns in Brazilian states in a new database constructed from micro data from the national households’ survey. We adjust the state-Gini coefficients for spatial price differences using information on households’ rental prices available in the survey. In a panel regression framework, we find that labor income growth, formalization, and schooling contributed to the decline in inequality during 2004-14, but redistributive policies, such as Bolsa Família, have also played a positive role. Going forward, it will be important to phase out untargeted subsidies, such as public spending on tertiary education, and contain growth of public sector wages, to improve budgetary efficiency and protect gains in equality.

Inequality, Democracy, and Growth in Brazil

Author : Marcos Mendes
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128019654
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Inequality, Democracy, and Growth in Brazil by : Marcos Mendes

Download or read book Inequality, Democracy, and Growth in Brazil written by Marcos Mendes and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-11-19 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In terms accessible to non-economists, Marcos José Mendes describes the ways democracy and inequality produce low growth in the short and medium terms. In the longer term, he argues that Brazil has two paths in front of it. One is to create the conditions necessary to boost economic performance and drive the country toward a high level of development. The other is to fail in untying the political knot that blocks growth, leaving it a middle-income country. The source of his contrasting futures for Brazil is inequality, which he demonstrates is a relevant variable in any discussion of economic growth. Inequality illuminates causes of seemingly-unconnected problems. This book, which includes freely-accessible documents and datasets, is the first in-depth analysis of an issue that promises to become increasingly prominent. Contrasting visions of Brazil’s future described in economic terms Easy-to-understand graphs and tables illustrate analytical arguments All Excel-based data available on a freely-accessible website

The Demography of Inequality in Brazil

Author : Charles H. Wood
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521102469
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis The Demography of Inequality in Brazil by : Charles H. Wood

Download or read book The Demography of Inequality in Brazil written by Charles H. Wood and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how transformations in Brazil's social, economic and political organization affect the demographic behaviour of people who live in different parts of the country and who occupy different positions in the social system. The authors review the history of unequal development and document the concentration of income and land ownership. Using data from the 1970 and 1980 censuses, they show how the Brazilian style of economic growth unequally affected different population subgroups. Mortality estimates for white and non-white people measure the consequences of racial inequality on the life chances of children. Other chapters investigate rural out-migration, the impact of Amazon colonization schemes on rural poverty, and the implications of differential rates of population growth among rich and poor households for future patterns of inequality and underemployment. The overall perspective places the concept of inequality at the centre of the study of demographic and structural change.

The Short-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Labor Markets, Poverty and Inequality in Brazil

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513571648
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis The Short-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Labor Markets, Poverty and Inequality in Brazil by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book The Short-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Labor Markets, Poverty and Inequality in Brazil written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-05 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We document the short-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Brazilian labor market focusing on employment, wages and hours worked using the nationally representative household surveys PNAD-Continua and PNAD COVID. Sectors most susceptible to the shock because they are more contact-intensive and less teleworkable, such as construction, domestic services and hospitality, suffered large job losses and reductions in hours. Given low income workers experienced the largest decline in earnings, extreme poverty and the Gini coefficient based on labor income increased by around 9.2 and 5 percentage points, respectively, due to the immediate shock. The government’s broad based, temporary Emergency Aid transfer program more than offset the labor income losses for the bottom four deciles, however, such that poverty relative to the pre-COVID baseline fell. At a cost of around 4 percent of GDP in 2020 such support is not fiscally sustainable beyond the short-term and ended in late 2020. The challenge will be to avoid a sharp increase in poverty and inequality if the labor market does not pick up sufficiently fast in 2021.

Tackling Inequalities in Brazil, China, India and South Africa The Role of Labour Market and Social Policies

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9789264088351
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (883 download)

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Book Synopsis Tackling Inequalities in Brazil, China, India and South Africa The Role of Labour Market and Social Policies by : OECD

Download or read book Tackling Inequalities in Brazil, China, India and South Africa The Role of Labour Market and Social Policies written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11-15 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the role of growth and employment/unemployment developments in explaining recent income inequality trends in Brazil, China, India and South Africa, and discusses the roles played by labour market and social policies in both shaping and addressing these inequalities.

Has Latin American Inequality Changed Direction?

Author : Luis Bértola
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319446215
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Has Latin American Inequality Changed Direction? by : Luis Bértola

Download or read book Has Latin American Inequality Changed Direction? written by Luis Bértola and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-25 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book brings together a range of ideas and theories to arrive at a deeper understanding of inequality in Latin America and its complex realities. To so, it addresses questions such as: What are the origins of inequality in Latin America? How can we create societies that are more equal in terms of income distribution, gender equality and opportunities? How can we remedy the social divide that is making Latin America one of the most unequal regions on earth? What are the roles played by market forces, institutions and ideology in terms of inequality? In this book, a group of global experts gathered by the Institute for the Integration of Latin America and the Caribbean (INTAL), part of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), show readers how various types of inequality, such as economical, educational, racial and gender inequality have been practiced in countries like Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Mexico and many others through the centuries. Presenting new ideas, new evidence, and new methods, the book subsequently analyzes how to move forward with second-generation reforms that lay the foundations for more egalitarian societies. As such, it offers a valuable and insightful guide for development economists, historians and Latin American specialists alike, as well as students, educators, policymakers and all citizens with an interest in development, inequality and the Latin American region.

Firms and the Decline in Earnings Inequality in Brazil

Author : Jorge Alvarez
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484333039
Total Pages : 59 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Firms and the Decline in Earnings Inequality in Brazil by : Jorge Alvarez

Download or read book Firms and the Decline in Earnings Inequality in Brazil written by Jorge Alvarez and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We document a large decrease in earnings inequality in Brazil between 1996 and 2012. Using administrative linked employer-employee data, we fit high-dimensional worker and firm fixed effects models to understand the sources of this decrease. Firm effects account for 40 percent of the total decrease and worker effects for 29 percent. Changes in observable worker and firm characteristics contributed little to these trends. Instead, the decrease is primarily due to a compression of returns to these characteristics, particularly a declining firm productivity pay premium. Our results shed light on potential drivers of earnings inequality dynamics.

Brazil Emerging

Author : Jan Nederveen Pieterse
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135044015
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Brazil Emerging by : Jan Nederveen Pieterse

Download or read book Brazil Emerging written by Jan Nederveen Pieterse and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-05-16 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a critical inquiry into the social project and socioeconomic realities of emerging Brazil, a country that faces profound changes. A team of acknowledged specialists on Brazil’s complex configuration addresses state policies, social dynamics and economic constraints and opportunities for emancipation. Chapters adopt long-run perspectives on the development of the Brazilian welfare state, limits and opportunities for emancipation in the labor market, the scope and depth of social policies such as "Bolsa Família" and Rio’s Peacemaking Police Units (UPP), social movements - in particular, the Movement of the Landless (MST) - cultural policies at the federal level, the role of media in the country’s democratization project, and how two important commodities (sugar and oil) shape the identities of blacks and whites in Bahia. This book is essential reading for all those interested in understanding what kind of Brazil has acquired a prominent global position and what hurdles it faces to consolidate its position as a global player.

Welfare, Inequality, and Resource Depletion

Author : Mariano Torras
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351873318
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Welfare, Inequality, and Resource Depletion by : Mariano Torras

Download or read book Welfare, Inequality, and Resource Depletion written by Mariano Torras and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-10-28 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book breaks new ground by accounting for the welfare implications of both severe inequality and environmental degradation and developing a sustainable development indicator that incorporates changes over time in each of these dimensions. The model is applied to data from Brazil spanning the 1965 -1998 period. The book's findings cast significant doubt on the proposition that rapid economic growth in Brazil has resulted in comparable welfare gains. The evidence presented more generally illustrates the often unsustainable nature of rapid GDP growth phases, as well as the general unreliability of GDP growth as an indicator of well-being improvement. The specific policy implication is that Brazil should discontinue - or at least severely curtail - the regressive and resource intensive economic policies it has followed in recent decades in the interest of welfare improvement not only for the poorer groups in society, but for future generations of Brazilians as well.

Social Exclusion and Mobility in Brazil

Author : Estanislao Gacit©ða-Mari©?
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821372203
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Download or read book Social Exclusion and Mobility in Brazil written by Estanislao Gacit©ða-Mari©? and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil is a country of sharp disparities. The gap between the richest and the poorest citizens is one of the largest in the world. Inequality in Brazil is well-known, but its low mobility is not. Until now, few studies have sought to investigate how forms of social exclusion constrain socioeconomic mobility. Why do particular groups remain excluded and trapped in poverty for generations? What do Brazilians themselves think about income inequality and social mobility? This study explores these issues, provides a set of options to redress them, and promotes a national dialogue for action. In addi.

Fighting Forced Labour

Author : Patrâcia Trindade Maranhaäo Costa
Publisher : International Labour Organisation
ISBN 13 : 9789221222927
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis Fighting Forced Labour by : Patrâcia Trindade Maranhaäo Costa

Download or read book Fighting Forced Labour written by Patrâcia Trindade Maranhaäo Costa and published by International Labour Organisation. This book was released on 2009-10-01 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aims to present the issue of modern-day rural slavery in Brazil. Particular attention is devoted to measures carried out by the Brazilian government and various social actors to eradicate slavery, and to a technical cooperation project, "Combating Slave Labour in Brazil", run by the ILO office in Brazil since 2002.

Challenging Social Inequality

Author : Miguel Carter
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822395061
Total Pages : 631 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis Challenging Social Inequality by : Miguel Carter

Download or read book Challenging Social Inequality written by Miguel Carter and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2015-05-23 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Challenging Social Inequality, an international and interdisciplinary group of scholars and development workers explores the causes, consequences, and contemporary reactions to Brazil's sharply unequal agrarian structure. They focus on the Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST)—Latin America's largest and most prominent social movement—and its ongoing efforts to confront historic patterns of inequality in the Brazilian countryside. Several essays provide essential historical background for understanding the MST. They examine Brazil's agrarian structure, state policies, and the formation of rural civil-society organizations. Other essays build on a frequently made distinction between the struggle for land and the struggle on the land. The first refers to the mobilization undertaken by landless peasants to demand government land redistribution. The struggle on the land takes place after the establishment of an official agricultural settlement. The main efforts during this phase are geared toward developing productive and meaningful rural communities. The last essays in the collection are wide-ranging analyses of the MST, which delve into the movement's relations with recent governments and its impact on other Brazilian social movements. In the conclusion, Miguel Carter appraises the future of agrarian reform in Brazil. Contributors. José Batista Gonçalves Afonso, Sonia Maria P..P. Bergamasco, Sue Branford, Elena Calvo-González, Miguel Carter, Horacio Martins de Carvalho, Guilherme Costa Delgado, Bernardo Mançano Fernandes, Leonilde Sérvolo de Medeiros, George Mészáros, Luiz Antonio Norder, Gabriel Ondetti, Ivo Poletto, Marcelo Carvalho Rosa, Lygia Maria Sigaud, Emmanuel Wambergue, Wendy Wolford