Understanding Modern Juvenile Justice

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Reforming Juvenile Justice

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309278937
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Reforming Juvenile Justice by : National Research Council

Download or read book Reforming Juvenile Justice written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescence is a distinct, yet transient, period of development between childhood and adulthood characterized by increased experimentation and risk-taking, a tendency to discount long-term consequences, and heightened sensitivity to peers and other social influences. A key function of adolescence is developing an integrated sense of self, including individualization, separation from parents, and personal identity. Experimentation and novelty-seeking behavior, such as alcohol and drug use, unsafe sex, and reckless driving, are thought to serve a number of adaptive functions despite their risks. Research indicates that for most youth, the period of risky experimentation does not extend beyond adolescence, ceasing as identity becomes settled with maturity. Much adolescent involvement in criminal activity is part of the normal developmental process of identity formation and most adolescents will mature out of these tendencies. Evidence of significant changes in brain structure and function during adolescence strongly suggests that these cognitive tendencies characteristic of adolescents are associated with biological immaturity of the brain and with an imbalance among developing brain systems. This imbalance model implies dual systems: one involved in cognitive and behavioral control and one involved in socio-emotional processes. Accordingly adolescents lack mature capacity for self-regulations because the brain system that influences pleasure-seeking and emotional reactivity develops more rapidly than the brain system that supports self-control. This knowledge of adolescent development has underscored important differences between adults and adolescents with direct bearing on the design and operation of the justice system, raising doubts about the core assumptions driving the criminalization of juvenile justice policy in the late decades of the 20th century. It was in this context that the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) asked the National Research Council to convene a committee to conduct a study of juvenile justice reform. The goal of Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach was to review recent advances in behavioral and neuroscience research and draw out the implications of this knowledge for juvenile justice reform, to assess the new generation of reform activities occurring in the United States, and to assess the performance of OJJDP in carrying out its statutory mission as well as its potential role in supporting scientifically based reform efforts.

Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309172357
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.

Juvenile Justice

Author : Preston Elrod
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1449667600
Total Pages : 539 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (496 download)

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Book Synopsis Juvenile Justice by : Preston Elrod

Download or read book Juvenile Justice written by Preston Elrod and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The juvenile justice system is a multifaceted entity that continually changes under the influence of decisions, policies, and laws. The all new Fourth Edition of Juvenile Justice: A Social, Historical, and Legal Perspective, offers readers a clear and comprehensive look at exaclty what it is and how it works. Reader friendly and up-to-date, this text unravels the complexities of the juvenile justice system by exploring the history, theory, and components of the juvenile justice process and how they relate.

Juveniles in Contemporary Society

Author : Saundra T. Trujillo
Publisher : Aspen Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1543809103
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis Juveniles in Contemporary Society by : Saundra T. Trujillo

Download or read book Juveniles in Contemporary Society written by Saundra T. Trujillo and published by Aspen Publishing. This book was released on 2023 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Introductory text for courses on juvenile justice/juvenile delinquency"--

Juveniles in Contemporary Society

Author : Saundra D. Trujillo
Publisher : Aspen Publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 832 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (861 download)

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Book Synopsis Juveniles in Contemporary Society by : Saundra D. Trujillo

Download or read book Juveniles in Contemporary Society written by Saundra D. Trujillo and published by Aspen Publishing. This book was released on 2024-02-01 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Juveniles in Contemporary Society: Understanding Juvenile Justice and Delinquency is an authoritative and well-crafted introduction to today's Juvenile Justice system. Using a thematic framework that supports analysis, the authors provide an integrated approach to topical coverage. Through clear writing, an interdisciplinary selection of sources, and thoughtful themes, authors Saundra D. Trujillo, L. Thomas Winfree, Jr., and Carlos E. Posadas illuminate the roles of history and theory in shaping today's juvenile justice system. Helpful pedagogy consistently supports understanding, retention, and review. Professors and students will benefit from: Diverse author team who bring a variety of backgrounds and perspectives to the text. Theoretical Reflections boxes that integrate overarching themes throughout the text. Comparative and international insights grounded in the content of each chapter, with International Perspectives boxes included throughout the book. Understandable historical review of both juvenile justice and juvenile delinquency. Compelling vignettes that open each chapter, raising questions about the themes to be explored, illustrating basic concepts, and fueling class discussion Helpful graphs and tables illustrate the key topics. Excellent Critical Thinking questions at the end of each chapter. Unique chapters that are key to the study of Juvenile Justice today: Chapter 5, Understanding Delinquency: Theories of Race, Ethnicity and Gender and Chapter 12, Race, Ethnicity, and Gender: Highlights from Recent Research explore the impacts of social constructions like gender, race, and ethnicity on youths' interactions with the justice system. Chapter 6, Delinquency Prevention addresses prevention and intervention from both philosophical and practical perspectives, discussing what works and what does not work and some of the reasons behind program success or failure. Chapter 11, Juvenile Probation and Aftercare provides thoughtful and in-depth discussion of this often-overlooked topic. Chapter 13, Youth Gangs and Violence highlights a national issue and shows how theory can inform research and how research can inform both policy and practice in the juvenile justice system.

SOU-CCJ230 Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System

Author : Alison Burke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781636350684
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (56 download)

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Book Synopsis SOU-CCJ230 Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System by : Alison Burke

Download or read book SOU-CCJ230 Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System written by Alison Burke and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Juvenile Justice

Author : Barry Krisberg
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 0761925015
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (619 download)

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Book Synopsis Juvenile Justice by : Barry Krisberg

Download or read book Juvenile Justice written by Barry Krisberg and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2005 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Juvenile justice policies have historically been built on a foundation of myths and misconceptions. Fear of young, drug-addled superpredators, concerns about immigrants and gangs, claims of gender biases, and race hostilities have influenced the public′s views and, consequently, the evolution of juvenile justice. These myths have repeatedly confused the process of rational policy development for the juvenile justice system. Juvenile Justice: Redeeming Our Children debunks myths about juvenile justice in order to achieve an ideal system that would protect vulnerable children and help build safer communities. Author Barry Krisberg assembles broad and up-to-date research, statistical data, and theories on the U.S. juvenile justice system to encourage effective responses to youth crime. This text gives a historical context to the ongoing quest for the juvenile justice ideal and examines how the current system of laws, policies, and practices came into place.Juvenile Justice reviews the best research-based knowledge on what works and what does not work in the current system. The book also examines failed juvenile justice policies and applies high standards of scientific evidence to seek new resolutions. This text helps students embrace the value of redemptive justice and serves as a springboard for the current generation to implement sounder social policies. Juvenile Justice is an ideal textbook for undergraduate and graduate students studying juvenile justice in Criminology, Criminal Justice, and Sociology. The book is also an excellent supplemental text for juvenile delinquency courses. About the AuthorBarry Krisberg, PhD has been President of the National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) since 1983. Dr. Krisberg received both his master′s degree in Criminology and his doctorate in Sociology from the University of Pennsylvania. He is currently Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Hawaii and has held previous faculty positions at the University of California at Berkeley and the University of Minnesota. Dr. Krisberg was appointed by the legislature to serve on the California Blue Ribbon Commission on Inmate Population Management. He has several books and articles to his credit, is known nationally for his research and expertise on juvenile justice issues, and is called upon as a resource for professionals and the media.

A Century of Juvenile Justice

Author : Margaret K. Rosenheim
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226727831
Total Pages : 571 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (267 download)

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Book Synopsis A Century of Juvenile Justice by : Margaret K. Rosenheim

Download or read book A Century of Juvenile Justice written by Margaret K. Rosenheim and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2002-03-15 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systems for Youth in Trouble

Preventing and Reducing Juvenile Delinquency

Author : James C. Howell
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1412956382
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Preventing and Reducing Juvenile Delinquency by : James C. Howell

Download or read book Preventing and Reducing Juvenile Delinquency written by James C. Howell and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2009 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book informs readers about the latest research and the most promising and effective programmes for understanding, preventing and controlling juvenile delinquency.

Juveniles at Risk

Author : Christopher Slobogin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019977840X
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Juveniles at Risk by : Christopher Slobogin

Download or read book Juveniles at Risk written by Christopher Slobogin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-01 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Slobogin and Fondacaro present their vision for a new juvenile justice system, founded on the evidence at hand and promoting the principles of rehabilitation and reintegration into society. The authors develop their juvenile justice policy proposals effectively by carefully addressing the problems with past policy approches and recent theoretical contributions.

Juvenile Justice

Author : Preston Elrod
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
ISBN 13 : 9780763733070
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Juvenile Justice by : Preston Elrod

Download or read book Juvenile Justice written by Preston Elrod and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2005 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly updated and revised, the Second Edition of Juvenile Justice: A Social, Historical, and Legal Perspective, offers readers a comprehensive volume on how the juvenile justice system works. This book is designed to help readers understand the complexities of the present juvenile justice system by presenting a thorough examination of the social, historical, and legal context within which delinquency and juvenile justice occurs. In addition to gaining valuable knowledge on the juvenile justice process, readers will learn how the different parts of the process are interrelated, how decisions made in one case influence future cases, and the laws that direct juvenile justice policy.

Who Gets a Childhood?

Author : William S. Bush
Publisher : University of Georgia Press
ISBN 13 : 0820337196
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Who Gets a Childhood? by : William S. Bush

Download or read book Who Gets a Childhood? written by William S. Bush and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using Texas as a case study for understanding change in the American juvenile justice system over the past century, the author tells the story of three cycles of scandal, reform, and retrenchment, each of which played out in ways that tended to extend the privileges of a protected childhood to white middle- and upper-class youth, while denying those protections to blacks, Latinos, and poor whites. On the forefront of both progressive and "get tough" reform campaigns, Texas has led national policy shifts in the treatment of delinquent youth to a surprising degree. Changes in the legal system have included the development of courts devoted exclusively to young offenders, the expanded legal application of psychological expertise, and the rise of the children's rights movement. At the same time, broader cultural ideas about adolescence have also changed. Yet the author demonstrates that as the notion of the teenager gained currency after World War II, white, middle-class teen criminals were increasingly depicted as suffering from curable emotional disorders even as the rate of incarceration rose sharply for black, Latino, and poor teens. He argues that despite the struggles of reformers, child advocates, parents, and youths themselves to make juvenile justice live up to its ideal of offering young people a second chance, the story of twentieth-century juvenile justice in large part boils down to the exclusion of poor and nonwhite youth from modern categories of childhood and adolescence.

The Moral Foundations of the Youth Justice System

Author : Raymond Arthur
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317670264
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis The Moral Foundations of the Youth Justice System by : Raymond Arthur

Download or read book The Moral Foundations of the Youth Justice System written by Raymond Arthur and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When is it fair to hold young people criminally responsible? If young people lack the capacity to make a meaningful choice and to control their impulses, should they be held criminally culpable for their behaviour? In what ways is the immaturity of young offenders relevant to their blameworthiness? Should youth offending behaviour be proscribed by criminal law? These are just some of the questions asked in this thoughtful and provocative book. In The Moral Foundations of the Youth Justice System, Raymond Arthur explores international and historical evidence on how societies regulate criminal behaviour by young people, and undertakes a careful examination of the developmental capacities and processes that are relevant to young people’s criminal choices. He argues that the youth justice response needs to be reconceptualised in a context where one of the central objectives of institutions regulating children and young people’s behaviour is to support the interests and welfare of those children. This timely book advocates a revolutionary transformation of the structure and process of contemporary youth justice law: a synthesised and integrated approach that is clearly distinct from that used for dealing with adults. This book is a key resource for students, academics and practitioners across fields including criminal law, youth justice, probation and social work.

The Evolution of the Juvenile Court

Author : Barry C. Feld
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 147987129X
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (798 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of the Juvenile Court by : Barry C. Feld

Download or read book The Evolution of the Juvenile Court written by Barry C. Feld and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2019-06-01 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner, 2020 ACJS Outstanding Book Award, given by the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences A major statement on the juvenile justice system by one of America’s leading experts The juvenile court lies at the intersection of youth policy and crime policy. Its institutional practices reflect our changing ideas about children and crime control. The Evolution of the Juvenile Court provides a sweeping overview of the American juvenile justice system’s development and change over the past century. Noted law professor and criminologist Barry C. Feld places special emphasis on changes over the last 25 years—the ascendance of get tough crime policies and the more recent Supreme Court recognition that “children are different.” Feld’s comprehensive historical analyses trace juvenile courts’ evolution though four periods—the original Progressive Era, the Due Process Revolution in the 1960s, the Get Tough Era of the 1980s and 1990s, and today’s Kids Are Different era. In each period, changes in the economy, cities, families, race and ethnicity, and politics have shaped juvenile courts’ policies and practices. Changes in juvenile courts’ ends and means—substance and procedure—reflect shifting notions of children’s culpability and competence. The Evolution of the Juvenile Court examines how conservative politicians used coded racial appeals to advocate get tough policies that equated children with adults and more recent Supreme Court decisions that draw on developmental psychology and neuroscience research to bolster its conclusions about youths’ reduced criminal responsibility and diminished competence. Feld draws on lessons from the past to envision a new, developmentally appropriate justice system for children. Ultimately, providing justice for children requires structural changes to reduce social and economic inequality—concentrated poverty in segregated urban areas—that disproportionately expose children of color to juvenile courts’ punitive policies. Historical, prescriptive, and analytical, The Evolution of the Juvenile Court evaluates the author’s past recommendations to abolish juvenile courts in light of this new evidence, and concludes that separate, but reformed, juvenile courts are necessary to protect children who commit crimes and facilitate their successful transition to adulthood.

Youth and Justice in Western States, 1815-1950

Author : Jean Trépanier
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319662457
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Youth and Justice in Western States, 1815-1950 by : Jean Trépanier

Download or read book Youth and Justice in Western States, 1815-1950 written by Jean Trépanier and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-05 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the treatment of junevile offenders in modern Western history. The last few decades have witnessed major debates over youth justice policies. Juvenile and youth justice legislation has been reviewed in a number of countries. Despite the fact that new perspectives, such as restorative justice, have emerged, the debates have largely focused on issues that bring us back to the inception of juvenile justice: namely whether youth justice ought to be more akin to punitive adult criminal justice, or more sensitive to the welfare of youths. This issue has been at the core of policy choices that have given juvenile justice its orientations since the beginning of the twentieth century. It also gave shape to the evolution that paved the way for the creation of juvenile courts in the nineteenth century. Understanding those early debates is essential if we are to understand current debates, and place them into perspective. Based on primary archival research, this comprehensive study begins by presenting the roots, birth and evolution of juvenile justice, from the nineteenth century up to the beginning of the twenty-first. The second part deals with nineteenth century responses to juvenile delinquency in England and Canada, while the third focuses on the welfare orientation that characterized juvenile courts in the first half of the twentieth century in Switzerland, the Netherlands, Germany and Belgium. Finally, the fourth part focuses on the perspective of the youths and their families in Belgium, France and Canada.

Juvenile Justice

Author : Gus Martin
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1452245231
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (522 download)

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Book Synopsis Juvenile Justice by : Gus Martin

Download or read book Juvenile Justice written by Gus Martin and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2005-02-15 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Juvenile Justice: Process and Systems is an ideal textbook for those who wish to explore the theory and practice of providing justice to juveniles. Author Gus Martin introduces readers to juvenile justice in the contemporary era, while providing a contextual grounding in the historical origins of modern process and systems. This book is a review of institutions, procedures, and theories that are specifically directed toward addressing the problems of juvenile deviance and victimization.

The War on Kids

Author : Cara H. Drinan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190605553
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The War on Kids by : Cara H. Drinan

Download or read book The War on Kids written by Cara H. Drinan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite inventing the juvenile court a little more than a century ago, the United States has become an international outlier in its juvenile sentencing practices. The War on Kids explains how that happened and how policymakers can correct the course of juvenile justice today.