Understanding Language Understanding

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Understanding Language Understanding

Author : Ashwin Ram
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262181921
Total Pages : 524 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (819 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Language Understanding by : Ashwin Ram

Download or read book Understanding Language Understanding written by Ashwin Ram and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights cutting-edge research relevant to the building of a computational model of reading comprehension, as in the processing and understanding of a natural language text or story. The book takes an interdisciplinary approach to the study of reading, with contributions from computer science, psychology, and philosophy. Contributors cover the theoretical and psychological foundations of the research in discussions of what it means to understand a text, how one builds a computational model, and related issues in knowledge representation and reasoning. The book also addresses some of the broader issues that a natural language system must deal with, such as reading in context, linguistic novelty, and information extraction.

Learning a Foreign Language

Author : Alex Poole
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1475854196
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (758 download)

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Book Synopsis Learning a Foreign Language by : Alex Poole

Download or read book Learning a Foreign Language written by Alex Poole and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text helps monolinguals achieve their dream of learning another language. Each chapter explains and exemplifies issues inherent in the language learning process that readers need to understand. These include maintaining motivation, dealing with errors, being strategic, and assessing progress. Readers receive advice on the practical steps they can take to make learning more effective and enjoyable. They also gain exposure to the methods and techniques used to research language learning. While doing so, they become aware of child language development, the evolution of language, language’s relationship to culture, and other fundamental areas of linguistics. Readers also confront limitations related to age and learn about the necessity of having realistic expectations concerning pronunciation, grammar production, word usage, and cultural knowledge. Questions following the end of every chapter encourage readers to reflect on the information presented and how they can use it. The text’s focus on first-time language learners and straightforward style make it accessible for high school students, college language majors, and those independently pursuing a language.

Understanding Language

Author : Donald Fairbairn
Publisher : CUA Press
ISBN 13 : 0813218667
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Language by : Donald Fairbairn

Download or read book Understanding Language written by Donald Fairbairn and published by CUA Press. This book was released on 2011-07-20 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Language includes major sections on the noun and verb systems of the classical languages.

Context in Language Learning and Language Understanding

Author : Kirsten Malmkjær
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521633550
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (335 download)

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Book Synopsis Context in Language Learning and Language Understanding by : Kirsten Malmkjær

Download or read book Context in Language Learning and Language Understanding written by Kirsten Malmkjær and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-10-08 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume represent varied views on the role of context in language learning.

Spoken Language Understanding

Author : Gokhan Tur
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119993946
Total Pages : 443 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Spoken Language Understanding by : Gokhan Tur

Download or read book Spoken Language Understanding written by Gokhan Tur and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-03 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spoken language understanding (SLU) is an emerging field in between speech and language processing, investigating human/ machine and human/ human communication by leveraging technologies from signal processing, pattern recognition, machine learning and artificial intelligence. SLU systems are designed to extract the meaning from speech utterances and its applications are vast, from voice search in mobile devices to meeting summarization, attracting interest from both commercial and academic sectors. Both human/machine and human/human communications can benefit from the application of SLU, using differing tasks and approaches to better understand and utilize such communications. This book covers the state-of-the-art approaches for the most popular SLU tasks with chapters written by well-known researchers in the respective fields. Key features include: Presents a fully integrated view of the two distinct disciplines of speech processing and language processing for SLU tasks. Defines what is possible today for SLU as an enabling technology for enterprise (e.g., customer care centers or company meetings), and consumer (e.g., entertainment, mobile, car, robot, or smart environments) applications and outlines the key research areas. Provides a unique source of distilled information on methods for computer modeling of semantic information in human/machine and human/human conversations. This book can be successfully used for graduate courses in electronics engineering, computer science or computational linguistics. Moreover, technologists interested in processing spoken communications will find it a useful source of collated information of the topic drawn from the two distinct disciplines of speech processing and language processing under the new area of SLU.

Understanding Language

Author : Roger Fowler
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000573982
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Language by : Roger Fowler

Download or read book Understanding Language written by Roger Fowler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-02-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely recognized that language is humanity’s most distinctive and valuable faculty. In this work, originally published in 1974, Roger Fowler explains the character and absorbing interest of language. Designed as an introductory text for students and others concerned with human communication, the book is clearly and concisely written, yet it in no way oversimplifies its rich and complicated subject. The opening chapters set the scene by a discussion of the power of language in the social and psychological life of a man, while the main body of the book is an introduction to linguistics, the science of language study. Coverage is provided of the main topics in linguistic description – semantics, syntax, phonetics – as well as of the functions of language, its status in society and its relation to the individual. The reader is invited to participate in some advanced thinking within an up-to-date and consistent linguistic theory. Particular attention is given to the individual as language-learner, since the process of language acquisition illuminates most clearly the naturalness and the complexity of language. The author’s arguments are illustrated with hundreds of examples from English and other languages. Suggestions for further reading are included in the exposition, and the reader who follows the arguments and pursues the carefully arranged bibliographical recommendations will acquire a substantial insight into contemporary linguistics – the most important and advanced of the modern human sciences.

Understanding Language 2e

Author : Elizabeth Winkler
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 144113896X
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Language 2e by : Elizabeth Winkler

Download or read book Understanding Language 2e written by Elizabeth Winkler and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2012-01-26 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Understanding Language Change

Author : April M. S. McMahon
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521446655
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (466 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Language Change by : April M. S. McMahon

Download or read book Understanding Language Change written by April M. S. McMahon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-03-17 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook analyses changes from every area of grammar and addresses recent developments in socio-historical linguistics.

Understanding Semantics

Author : Sebastian Loebner
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134647158
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (346 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Semantics by : Sebastian Loebner

Download or read book Understanding Semantics written by Sebastian Loebner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-23 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series provides approachable, yet authoritative, introductions to all the major topics in linguistics. Ideal for students with little or no prior knowledge of linguistics, each book carefully explains the basics, emphasising understanding of the essential notions rather than arguing for a particular theoretical position. Understanding Semantics offers a complete introduction to linguistic semantics. The book takes a step-by-step approach, starting with the basic concepts and moving through the central questions to examine the methods and results of the science of linguistic meaning. Understanding Semantics unites the treatment of a broad scale of phenomena using data from different languages with a thorough investigation of major theoretical perspectives. It leads the reader from their intuitive knowledge of meaning to a deeper understanding of the use of scientific reasoning in the study of language as a communicative tool, of the nature of linguistic meaning, and of the scope and limitations of linguistic semantics. Ideal as a first textbook in semantics for undergraduate students of linguistics, this book is also recommended for students of literature, philosophy, psychology and cognitive science.

Understanding Second Language Processing

Author : Bronwen Patricia Dyson
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027265879
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Second Language Processing by : Bronwen Patricia Dyson

Download or read book Understanding Second Language Processing written by Bronwen Patricia Dyson and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2017-05-24 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to help researchers and teachers interested in language processing and Processability Theory (PT) to understand this theory and its applications. PT is an influential account of second language processing which hypothesizes that, due to the architecture of language processing, learners acquire second languages in developmental stages. This book lays out PT’s predictions and research on the development of diverse target languages – particularly English and Scandinavian languages – by learners of various categories. It discusses the typological issues facing PT and its contribution to an understanding of variation and cognitive constraints on pedagogy. However, the book also raises a critical eye to the literature which, after almost twenty years of evolution, requires explanation, clarification and, in some cases, extension. Why do some phenomena belong to different stages in different languages? Why are important types of variation under-represented? Is teaching as constrained as proposed in PT?

Understanding Language Change

Author : Kate Burridge
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1315463008
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Language Change by : Kate Burridge

Download or read book Understanding Language Change written by Kate Burridge and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-11-03 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2 Changes to the lexicon -- Introduction -- 2.1 Gaining words - lexical addition -- 2.1.1 Compounding -- 2.1.2 Affixation -- 2.1.3 Backformation -- 2.1.4 Conversion -- 2.1.5 Abbreviation -- 2.1.6 Acronyms -- 2.1.7 Blending -- 2.1.8 Commonization -- 2.1.9 Reduplication -- 2.1.10 Borrowing -- 2.1.11 Sound symbolism -- 2.1.12 A final word on the processes -- 2.2 Losing words - lexical mortality -- 2.2.1 Obsolescence -- 2.2.2 "Verbicide"--2.2.3 Reduction -- 2.2.4 Intolerable homonymy -- 2.3 Etymology - study of the origin of words -- Summary -- Further reading -- Exercises

Understanding Language through Humor

Author : Stanley Dubinsky
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139496948
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Language through Humor by : Stanley Dubinsky

Download or read book Understanding Language through Humor written by Stanley Dubinsky and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Students often struggle to understand linguistic concepts through examples of language data provided in class or in texts. Presented with ambiguous information, students frequently respond that they do not 'get it'. The solution is to find an example of humour that relies on the targeted ambiguity. Once they laugh at the joke, they have tacitly understood the concept, and then it is only a matter of explaining why they found it funny. Utilizing cartoons and jokes illustrating linguistic concepts, this book makes it easy to understand these concepts, while keeping the reader's attention and interest. Organized like a course textbook in linguistics, it covers all the major topics in a typical linguistics survey course, including communication systems, phonetics and phonology, morphemes, words, phrases, sentences, language use, discourses, child language acquisition and language variation, while avoiding technical terminology.

Understanding Language Teaching

Author : B. Kumaravadivelu
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135607613
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Language Teaching by : B. Kumaravadivelu

Download or read book Understanding Language Teaching written by B. Kumaravadivelu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-04-21 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces the historical development of major language teaching methods in terms of theoretical principles and classroom procedures, and provides a critical evaluation of each. Drawing from seminal, foundational texts and from critical commentaries made by various scholars, Kumaravadivelu examines the profession's current transition from method to postmethod and, in the process, elucidates the relationship between theory, research, and practice. The chief objective is to help readers see the pattern that connects language, learning, teaching methods, and postmethod perspectives. In this book, Kumaravadivelu: *brings together a critical vision of L2 learning and teaching--a vision founded at once on historical development and contemporary thought; *connects findings of up-to-date research in L2 learning with issues in L2 teaching thus making the reader aware of the relationship between theory, research and practice; *presents language teaching methods within a coherent framework of language-, learner-, and learning-centered pedagogies, thus helping the reader to see how they are related to each other; *shows how the three categories of methods evolved historically leading ultimately (and inevitably) to the emergence of a postmethod condition; and *provides the reader with a solid background in several interconnected areas of L2 pedagogy, such as concepts of competence, input factors, intake processes, interactional modifications, and instructional design. Understanding Language Teaching: From Method to Postmethod is intended for an international audience of teacher educators, practicing teachers and graduate students, researchers, curriculum planners, and materials designers in the field of second and foreign language teaching.

Understanding Second Language Acquisition

Author : Lourdes Ortega
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 144411705X
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (441 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Second Language Acquisition by : Lourdes Ortega

Download or read book Understanding Second Language Acquisition written by Lourdes Ortega and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether we grow up with one, two, or several languages during our early years of life, many of us will learn a second, foreign, or heritage language in later years. The field of Second language acquisition (SLA, for short) investigates the human capacity to learn additional languages in late childhood, adolescence, or adulthood, after the first language --in the case of monolinguals-- or languages --in the case of bilinguals-- have already been acquired. Understanding Second Language Acquisition offers a wide-encompassing survey of this burgeoning field, its accumulated findings and proposed theories, its developed research paradigms, and its pending questions for the future. The book zooms in and out of universal, individual, and social forces, in each case evaluating the research findings that have been generated across diverse naturalistic and formal contexts for second language acquisition. It assumes no background in SLA and provides helpful chapter-by-chapter summaries and suggestions for further reading. Ideal as a textbook for students of applied linguistics, foreign language education, TESOL, and education, it is also recommended for students of linguistics, developmental psycholinguistics, psychology, and cognitive science. Supporting resources for tutors are available free at www.routledge.com/ortega.

Understanding Language in Diverse Classrooms

Author : Marilyn Shatz
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136700641
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Language in Diverse Classrooms by : Marilyn Shatz

Download or read book Understanding Language in Diverse Classrooms written by Marilyn Shatz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-26 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the increasing linguistic and cultural diversity of students in U. S. schools, all teachers, regardless of the content area or grade they teach, need research-based strategies for assisting all students to gain English proficiency. This practical, concise guide shows teachers what they need to know about language, how it is learned, how it is used, and how teaching about it can be incorporated into lessons throughout the curriculum. Understanding Language in Diverse Classrooms offers a model of how learning takes place and describes the critical role of teachers in that model. It includes comparison charts showing how some of the most common heritage languages represented among present-day students compare with English, and it provides examples of hands-on materials including checklists, rating scales, and sample lessons to help teachers prepare to teach all their students in diverse classrooms. Each chapter ends with questions to stimulate discussion and reflection on major chapter points, to enable readers to review and evaluate the information and then integrate it into their own practice.

Understanding the Language Classroom

Author : S. Gieve
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230523161
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding the Language Classroom by : S. Gieve

Download or read book Understanding the Language Classroom written by S. Gieve and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-11-30 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The starting point for this collection is a chapter by Dick Allwright on the language learning and teaching classroom experience entitled Six Promising Directions in Applied Linguistics. The other distinguished contributors respond to this discussion with their own interpretations and from their own experience. The collection problematizes prescription, efficiency, and technical solutions as orientations to classroom language learning. Complexity and idiosyncrasy, on the other hand, are recognized as central concepts in a move towards centralizing teachers' and learners' own understanding of 'classroom life', in the contexts of language learning, adult literacy education and language teacher education.

Integration of World Knowledge for Natural Language Understanding

Author : Ekaterina Ovchinnikova
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9491216538
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Integration of World Knowledge for Natural Language Understanding by : Ekaterina Ovchinnikova

Download or read book Integration of World Knowledge for Natural Language Understanding written by Ekaterina Ovchinnikova and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-15 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book concerns non-linguistic knowledge required to perform computational natural language understanding (NLU). The main objective of the book is to show that inference-based NLU has the potential for practical large scale applications. First, an introduction to research areas relevant for NLU is given. We review approaches to linguistic meaning, explore knowledge resources, describe semantic parsers, and compare two main forms of inference: deduction and abduction. In the main part of the book, we propose an integrative knowledge base combining lexical-semantic, ontological, and distributional knowledge. A particular attention is payed to ensuring its consistency. We then design a reasoning procedure able to make use of the large scale knowledge base. We experiment both with a deduction-based NLU system and with an abductive reasoner. For evaluation, we use three different NLU tasks: recognizing textual entailment, semantic role labeling, and interpretation of noun dependencies.