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Understanding Dyslexia By Measuring Eye Movements During Reading
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Book Synopsis Understanding Dyslexia by Measuring Eye-movements During Reading by : Rhiannon Sara Barrington
Download or read book Understanding Dyslexia by Measuring Eye-movements During Reading written by Rhiannon Sara Barrington and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Understanding Dyslexia by Measuring Eye-movements During Reading by : Rhiannon Barrington
Download or read book Understanding Dyslexia by Measuring Eye-movements During Reading written by Rhiannon Barrington and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Eye Movements in Reading by : Keith Rayner
Download or read book Eye Movements in Reading written by Keith Rayner and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eye Movements in Reading: Perceptual and Language Processes focuses on eye movement and cognitive processes as a way to study the reading process. This book also discusses the different aspects of reading. Organized into seven parts encompassing 26 chapters, this book begins with a discussion on the perceptual and psychophysical factors essential to eye movement during reading. This book then explains how some psychophysical factors, such as type size and masking, affect the reading performance. Other chapters consider the role of transient and sustained cells, as well as their possible effects on reading. This text also examines the size of the perceptual span in reading and the integration of information across eye movement. Finally, this book explains the eye movement abnormalities, general eye movement parameters, and the cognitive processes within the reading disabled group. This book is a valuable resource to optometrists, scientists, field researchers, and readers who are interested in the reading process.
Book Synopsis Visual Aspects of Dyslexia by : John Stein
Download or read book Visual Aspects of Dyslexia written by John Stein and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-08-23 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dyslexia affects about 10% of all children and is a potent cause of loss of self-confidence, personal and family misery, and waste of potential. Although the dominant view is that it is caused by specifically linguistic/phonological weakness, recent research within the field of neuroscience has shown that it is associated wtih visual processing problems as well. These discoveries have led to a resurgence in visual methods of treatment, which have shown promising results. 'Visual aspects of dyslexia' brings together cutting edge research from a range of disciplines - including neurology, neuroscience, and the vision sciences, to present the first comprehensive review of this recent research. It includes chapters from leading specialists which, in addition to reporting on the latest research, show how this knowledge is being successfully applied in the development of effective visual treatments for this common problem. Sections within the book cover the role of eye movements in reading, visual attention and reading, the neural bases of reading, and the relationship between visual stress and dyslexia. Making a valuable contribution in helping us develop a deeper understanding of dyslexia, this is an important book for those in the fields of psychology, neuroscience, and education.
Book Synopsis Converging Methods for Understanding Reading and Dyslexia by : Raymond M. Klein
Download or read book Converging Methods for Understanding Reading and Dyslexia written by Raymond M. Klein and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an interdisciplinary look at the acquisition, loss, and remediation of normal reading processes.
Book Synopsis Eye Movements During Reading and Dyslexia by : Yolanda Cruz
Download or read book Eye Movements During Reading and Dyslexia written by Yolanda Cruz and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was determine if children with specific readings disabilities (dyslexia) constitute a distinctive group when compared with non-dyslexic children. Seventeen children of the Learning Disabilities Clinic of Inter American University of Puerto Rico School of Optometry participated in the study. Eight were classified as dyslexic and nine as non-dyslexic. All received the Developmental Movement Test and Visagraph Test.
Book Synopsis EYE MOVEMENTS AND THE FUNDAMENTAL READING PROCESS by : Stanford E. Taylor
Download or read book EYE MOVEMENTS AND THE FUNDAMENTAL READING PROCESS written by Stanford E. Taylor and published by Charles C Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 2013-09-01 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is multifaceted; it is primarily dedicated to exploring the nature of the Fundamental Reading Process and to discussing the manner in which proficiency in these basic skills can be evaluated through eye-movement recording. Major topics include: the history of eye-movement recording; exploring eye-movement recording through the use of the Visagraph Eye-Movement Recording system; uses of eye movements in terms of reading appraisal; field use of the Visagraph system by schools, clinics, and optometrists; Visagraph EyeLink comparison in terms of eye-movement data; and the 2012 Visagraph Norm Study Report. Reading and tutoring centers will be very interested in both the diagnostic eye-movement recording techniques as well as the web-based practice techniques available through computer technology. Reading researchers will also be intrigued by the comprehensive description of the silent reading process, as well as the effect on the oral reading process with the development of proficiency in silent reading. Especially helpful is the information revealed through eye-movement recordings about the many subliminal factors involved in the process of reading, as well as the changes produced by today’s web-based computer techniques to modify the basic visual/functional, perceptual, and information-processing skills that comprise the silent reading process. In addition, the book will serve as a resource for graduate courses that cover what occurs during silent reading and what outcomes are possible with current reading practice programs using web-based computer technology. This unique text is essential reading for all who want to understand the role of the eye in silent reading and want to increase their instructional capability as teachers and remediation specialists.
Book Synopsis Eye Movements in Reading Strategies by : Christiane Wotschack
Download or read book Eye Movements in Reading Strategies written by Christiane Wotschack and published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam. This book was released on 2009 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout its empirical research history eye movement research has always been aware of the differences in reading behavior induced by individual differences and task demands. This work introduces a novel comprehensive concept of reading strategy, comprising individual differences in reading style and reading skill as well as reader goals. In a series of sentence reading experiments recording eye movements, the influence of reading strategies on reader- and word-level effects assuming distributed processing has been investigated. Results provide evidence for strategic, top-down influences on eye movement control that extend our understanding of eye guidance in reading.
Book Synopsis Measuring Reading Competence by : S. Schwartz
Download or read book Measuring Reading Competence written by S. Schwartz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book concerns measuring reading skills. It is not meant to be a compre hensive survey of reading research or a review of all possible approaches to reading measurement (although considerable attention is given to both subjects). Instead, the purpose of this book is to present a coherent, theoretically based approach to measuring reading competence. The ability to measure a phenomenon is an important prerequisite for scientific analysis. As Lord Kelvin said, "One's knowledge of science begins when he can measure what he is speaking about and express it in numbers." Unfortunately, not just any numbers will do. Presently available reading tests provide their users with a plethora of numbers-age levels, percentiles, grade equivalents-but their scientific value is questionable. The problem is that there is more to scientific measurement than merely assigning numbers to arbitrarily chosen behaviors. Scientific measurement occurs only within the confines of a theory, and most reading tests are atheoretical. Recent years have witnessed an explosive growth in reading research.
Book Synopsis Visual Processes in Reading and Reading Disabilities by : Dale M. Willows
Download or read book Visual Processes in Reading and Reading Disabilities written by Dale M. Willows and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last 25 years, reading processes have been the focus of an enormous amount of research in experimental psychology as well as in other disciplines. The theories and models emerging from this research have greatly advanced understanding of both normal acquisition and of reading disabilities. Although great progress has been made, there are certain aspects that have been relatively neglected in the current understanding. Specifically, the role of visual factors has received less attention than that of other component processes. This is particularly surprising since reading and writing are distinct from the other language processes of speaking and listening in large part by virtue of the fact that a visual dimension is involved. Relevant research is broadly scattered both geographically and in terms of disciplines, and there have been no major reviews or books concerned with the visual dimension of reading and reading disabilities. The purpose of this book is to bring together a broad range of evidence that concerns the role of visual information in reading and reading disabilities. Because reading processes are of central interest to cognitive scientists, neuropsychologists, psycholinguists, clinicians, and educators, this book should draw a very broad readership.
Book Synopsis Understanding Developmental Dyslexia: Linking Perceptual and Cognitive Deficits to Reading Processes by : Pierluigi Zoccolotti
Download or read book Understanding Developmental Dyslexia: Linking Perceptual and Cognitive Deficits to Reading Processes written by Pierluigi Zoccolotti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-06-24 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the mechanisms responsible for developmental dyslexia (DD) is a key challenge for researchers. A large literature, mostly concerned with learning to read in opaque orthographies, emphasizes phono-logical interpretations of the disturbance. Other approaches focused on the visual-per-ceptual aspects of orthographic coding. Recently, this perspective was supported by imaging data showing that individuals with DD have hypo-activation in occipito-temporal areas (a finding common to both transpar-ent and opaque orthographies). Nevertheless, it is difficult to infer causal relationships from activation data. Accommodating these findings within the cognitive architecture of reading processes is still an open issue. This is a general problem, which is present in much of the literature. For example, several studies investigating the perceptual and cognitive abilities that distinguish groups of children with and without DD failed to provide explicit links with the reading process. Thus, several areas of investigation (e.g., acoustic deficits or magnocellular deficiencies) have been plagued by replication failures. Furthermore, much research has neglected the possible contribution of comorbid symptoms. By contrast, it is now well established that developmental disorders present a large spectrum of homotopic and heterotopic co-morbidities that make causal interpretations problematic. This has led to the idea that the etiology of learning difficulties is multifactorial, thus challenging the traditional models of DD. Recent genetic studies provide information on the multiple risk factors that contribute to the genesis of the disturbance. Another critical issue in DD is that much of the research has been conducted in English-speaking individuals. However, English is a highly irregular orthography and doubts have been raised on the appropriateness of automatically extending interpretations based on English to other more regular orthographies. By contrast, important information can be gotten from systematic comparisons across languages. Thus, the distinction between regular and irregular orthographies is another potentially fruitful area of investigation. Overall, in spite of much research current interpretations seem unable to integrate all available findings. Some proposals focus on the cognitive description of the reading profile and explicitly ignore the distal causes of the disturbance. Others propose visual, acoustic or phonological mech-anisms but fail to link them to the pattern of reading impairment present in different children. The present Research Topic brings together studies based on different methodological approaches (i.e., behavioural studies examining cognitive and psycholinguistic factors, eye movement inves-tigations, biological markers, neuroimaging and genetic studies), involving dyslexic groups with and without comorbid symptoms, and in different orthographies (transparent and opaque) to identify the mechanisms underlying DD. The RT does not focus on a single model or theory of dyslexia but rather brings together different approaches and ideas which we feel are fruitful for a deeper understanding developmental dyslexia.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Reading by : Alexander Pollatsek
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Reading written by Alexander Pollatsek and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Writing is one of humankind's greatest inventions, and modern societies could not function if their citizens could not read and write. How do skilled readers pick up meaning from markings on a page so quickly, and how do children learn to do so? The chapters in the Oxford Handbook of Reading synthesize research on these topics from fields ranging from vision science to cognitive psychology and education, focusing on how studies using a cognitive approach can shed light on how the reading process works. To set the stage, the opening chapters present information about writing systems and methods of studying reading, including those that examine speeded responses to individual words as well as those that use eye movement technology to determine how sentences and short passages of text are processed. The following section discusses the identification of single words by skilled readers, as well as insights from studies of adults with reading disabilities due to brain damage. Another section considers how skilled readers read a text silently, addressing such issues as the role of sound in silent reading and how readers' eyes move through texts. Detailed quantitative models of the reading process are proposed throughout. The final sections deal with how children learn to read and spell, and how they should be taught to do so. These chapters review research with learners of different languages and those who speak different dialects of a language; discuss children who develop typically as well as those who exhibit specific disabilities in reading; and address questions about how reading should be taught with populations ranging from preschoolers to adolescents, and how research findings have influenced education. The Oxford Handbook of Reading will benefit researchers and graduate students in the fields of cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, education, and related fields (e.g., speech and language pathology) who are interested in reading, reading instruction, or reading disorders.
Book Synopsis Visual Aspects of Dyslexia by : John Stein
Download or read book Visual Aspects of Dyslexia written by John Stein and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-23 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the dominant view of dyslexia is that it is caused by linguistic/phonological weakness, recent research within neuroscience has shown that it is associated with visual processing problems as well. This book brings together research from neurology, neuroscience, and the vision sciences to present a cutting edge review of this topic.
Book Synopsis Eye Movements in Reading as Rational Behavior by : Klinton Bicknell
Download or read book Eye Movements in Reading as Rational Behavior written by Klinton Bicknell and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moving one's eyes while reading is one of the most complex everyday tasks humans face. To perform efficiently, readers must make decisions about when and where to move their eyes every 200-300ms. Over the past decades, it has been demonstrated that these fine-grained decisions are influenced by a range of linguistic properties of the text, and measuring eye movements during reading has become one of the primary methods of studying online sentence comprehension. However, it is still largely unclear why linguistic variables affect the eye movement record in the ways they do. The present work begins to answer this question by presenting a rational framework for understanding eye movement control in reading, in which probabilistic language knowledge plays a crucial role. Specifically, the task of reading is taken to be one of sentence identification: readers move their eyes to efficiently obtain visual input, which they combine with probabilistic language knowledge through Bayesian inference to yield posterior beliefs about sentence form and structure. Simulations with implemented models within this framework demonstrate that it can provide a principled account of many aspects of reading behavior, including the influence of a number of linguistic variables. In addition, the framework suggests a novel explanation for one of the least understood aspects of eye movements in reading--regressive eye movements--and we present evidence from an eye tracking corpus to support this proposal. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest llc. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.].
Book Synopsis A Description of Eye Movements by Dyslexic and Normal Children During Reading by : Constance Smith
Download or read book A Description of Eye Movements by Dyslexic and Normal Children During Reading written by Constance Smith and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Monitoring Eye Movements to Measure Reading Behavior and Instructional Effects by : Tori Ella Foster
Download or read book Monitoring Eye Movements to Measure Reading Behavior and Instructional Effects written by Tori Ella Foster and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in eye movement recording have led to its increased use in research with previously "hard-to-track" individuals, including young children. In addition, in light of its unique potential for capturing concurrent behaviors and mechanisms underlying the reading process, reading researchers have demonstrated increased interest in using the technology to investigate reading skill development and instructional effects. However, due to its newness in the field of applied reading research, the use of eye-tracking methodology is certainly not without its limitations, and substantial gaps remain within the existing scientific literature. The first study in this dissertation examined the technical adequacy (i.e., test-retest reliability, alternate-form reliability, and concurrent criterion-related validity) of recently utilized eye movement measures among 175 second-grade students. The second study investigated the influences of age and word frequency on eye movement patterns exhibited by 72 unskilled readers (36 adult literacy learners and 36 students in Grades 2-5 matched on broad achievement level) during 4 consecutive rereadings of the same text. Taken together, results from both empirical studies affirm the link between students' eye movements during reading and their level of reading skills (e.g., broad reading achievement, as measured by more traditional assessment tasks) and extend upon and clarify previous eye movement research with adults and children.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Eye Movements by : Simon Liversedge
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Eye Movements written by Simon Liversedge and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-18 with total page 1048 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past few years, there has been an explosion of eye movement research in cognitive science and neuroscience. The Oxford Handbook of Eye Movements provides the first comprehensive review of the entire field of eye movement research. This book is the definitive reference work in this field.