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Author : A. Keith Bottomley
Publisher : Gower Publishing Company, Limited
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Understanding Crime Rates written by A. Keith Bottomley and published by Gower Publishing Company, Limited. This book was released on 1981 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309140390
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Understanding Crime Trends written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-01-05 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes over time in the levels and patterns of crime have significant consequences that affect not only the criminal justice system but also other critical policy sectors. Yet compared with such areas as health status, housing, and employment, the nation lacks timely information and comprehensive research on crime trends. Descriptive information and explanatory research on crime trends across the nation that are not only accurate, but also timely, are pressing needs in the nation's crime-control efforts. In April 2007, the National Research Council held a two-day workshop to address key substantive and methodological issues underlying the study of crime trends and to lay the groundwork for a proposed multiyear NRC panel study of these issues. Six papers were commissioned from leading researchers and discussed at the workshop by experts in sociology, criminology, law, economics, and statistics. The authors revised their papers based on the discussants' comments, and the papers were then reviewed again externally. The six final workshop papers are the basis of this volume, which represents some of the most serious thinking and research on crime trends currently available.
Author : Albert D. Biderman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461229863
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)
Download or read book Understanding Crime Incidence Statistics written by Albert D. Biderman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prominence achieved by the novel measure of "households touched by crime" when it was introduced into the National Crime Survey (NCS) in 1981 was responsible for renewed attention to comparisons between the crime rates reported by the NCS and the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR). The new NCS measure suggested that crime was declining; this at a time of widespread awareness that the UCR Index was at all-time highs. Com parisons of the NCS and UCR in The New York Times (1981) and the Washington Post (1981) had the unfortunate consequence of reviving old and usually ill-informed arguments about which is the "better" measure of "trends in crime. " More recent discrepant changes of the two measures in 1986 and 1987 rekindled the debate, although with somewhat diminished stridency. The efforts of criminological statisticians to develop an appreciation for the two statistical systems as quite different but complementary measures have suffered a setback in these debates, but an opportunity is also afforded to improve the understanding of crime statistics by officials, the media, and the public. The need remains for the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) , the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and the research community to explain in quantitative terms the ways in which the two systems attend to different, albeit overlapping, aspects of the crime problem.
Author : James P. Lynch
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139462628
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)
Download or read book Understanding Crime Statistics written by James P. Lynch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-12-04 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Understanding Crime Statistics, Lynch and Addington draw on the work of leading experts on U.S. crime statistics to provide much-needed research on appropriate use of this data. Specifically, the contributors explore the issues surrounding divergence in the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) and the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), which have been the two major indicators of the level and of the change in level of crime in the United States for the past 30 years. This book examines recent changes in the UCR and the NCVS and assesses the effect these have had on divergence. By focusing on divergence, the authors encourage readers to think about how these data systems filter the reality of crime. Understanding Crime Statistics builds on this discussion of divergence to explain how the two data systems can be used as they were intended - in complementary rather than competitive ways.
Author : Joseph F. Sheley
Publisher : Thomson
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Understanding Crime written by Joseph F. Sheley and published by Thomson. This book was released on 1979 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Richard Rosenfeld
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000065162
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Understanding New York’s Crime Drop written by Richard Rosenfeld and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-09-10 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores New York City’s historic crime drop over the past quarter of a century. New York City’s dramatic crime decline is a real brainteaser: no one predicted it and, as of yet, no one has explained it, at least to the satisfaction of most social scientists who study crime trends. Three strategic lessons emerge from the contributions to this volume on New York’s crime drop. It is suggested that future research should: • go wide by putting New York in comparative context, nationally and internationally; • go long by putting New York’s recent experience in historical context; • develop a strong ground game by investigating New York’s crime drop across multiple spatial units, down to the street segment. The contributors to Understanding New York’s Crime Drop aim to provoke expanded and sustained attention to crime trends in New York and elsewhere. This book was originally published as a special issue of the journal, Justice Quarterly.
Author : Rafael Di Tella
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226153762
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)
Download or read book The Economics of Crime written by Rafael Di Tella and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-08-02 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crime rates in Latin America are among the highest in the world, creating climates of fear and lawlessness in several countries. Despite this situation, there has been a lack of systematic effort to study crime in the region or the effectiveness of policies designed to tackle it. The Economics of Crime is a powerful corrective to this academic blind spot and makes an important contribution to the current debate on causes and solutions by applying lessons learned from recent developments in the economics of crime. The Economics of Crime addresses a variety of topics, including the impact of kidnappings on investment, mandatory arrest laws, education in prisons, and the relationship between poverty and crime. Utilizining research from within and without Latin America, this book illustrates the broad range of approaches that have been efficacious in studying crime in both developing and developed nations. The Economics of Crime is a vital text for researchers, policymakers, and students of both crime and of Latin American economic policy.
Author : Per-Olof H. Wikström
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139460218
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)
Download or read book The Explanation of Crime written by Per-Olof H. Wikström and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-11-30 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integration of disciplines, theories and research orientations has assumed a central role in criminological discourse yet it remains difficult to identify any concrete discoveries or significant breakthroughs for which integration has been responsible. Concentrating on three key concepts: context, mechanisms, and development, this volume aims to advance integrated scientific knowledge on crime causation by bringing together different scholarly approaches. Through an analysis of the roles of behavioural contexts and individual differences in crime causation, The Explanation of Crime seeks to provide a unified and focused approach to the integration of knowledge. Chapter topics range from individual genetics to family environments and from ecological behaviour settings to the macro-level context of communities and social systems. This is a comprehensive treatment of the problem of crime causation that will appeal to graduate students and researchers in criminology and be of great interest to policy-makers and practitioners in crime policy and prevention.
Author : Travis Hirschi
Publisher : SAGE Publications, Incorporated
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Understanding Crime written by Travis Hirschi and published by SAGE Publications, Incorporated. This book was released on 1980-10 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The multiple factor approach is a departure from criminological traditions established by Sutherland. It studies correlates of crime as individual qualities to determine the risks of different categories of persons. The factors reevaluated in the first two essays are long-discredited ones that link family stability and religious upbringing to the reduced likelihood of criminal behavior. The first study shows that children from broken homes are more likely to commit a variety of delinquent acts under a variety of conditions. The paper on religion cites data on cities where higher church membership correlates with lower crime rates and concludes that religion does play a central role in sustaining the moral order. The third paper considers the relationship between crime and the concept of defensible space in environmental design. Another study reports the systematic observation of delinquent children interacting with their parents and ascribes an active role to children in their own socialization, showing how antisocial children train parents and teachers to cease making demands. Papers in the second part of this volume use conceptual schemes derived from disciplines outside sociology. A study of family violence develops the thesis that the ultimate origins and current distribution of child abuse may be found in a single principle of evolutionary biology. A paper examining behavior patterns of aggression, attachment, and violence questions Sutherland's subculture of violence theses by showing how pursuits of basic sociability can result in violent behavior contrary to the values of the group. Papers on juvenile delinquency and group home treatment represent approaches using a combination of psychological learning principles and differential association. (NCJRS modified).
Author : James F. Anderson
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1449681883
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (496 download)
Download or read book Criminological Theories written by James F. Anderson and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2014-06-24 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed for undergraduate criminology and criminological theory courses, Criminological Theories: Understanding Crime in America, Second Edition explores crime, crime theory, and various forms of criminal behavior within the United States. It focuses exclusively on theory, avoiding superfluous discussion of the criminal justice system. Students will come away from the text with plausible explanations of crime causation, a greater appreciation of criminological theory, and the ability to think critically about the social reality of crime. Current and highly relevant, the text includes coverage of new developments in the field of criminology, including cultural, integrative, life-course, and green criminological theories.
Author : Susan Guarino-Ghezzi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317521471
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)
Download or read book Understanding Crime written by Susan Guarino-Ghezzi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the interdisciplinary nature and potential of the field of criminology, covering the fields of sociology, economics, psychology, biology, philosophy and religious studies. The conclusion demonstrates various theoretical approaches for policy development and discusses opportunities for incorporating academic contributions into the political process.
Author : J. C. Barnes
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119110726
Total Pages : 967 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)
Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice, 2 Volume Set written by J. C. Barnes and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-09-08 with total page 967 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of RESEARCH METHODS IN CRIMINOLOGY & CRIMINAL JUSTICE The most comprehensive reference work on research designs and methods in criminology and criminal justice This Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice offers a comprehensive survey of research methodologies and statistical techniques that are popular in criminology and criminal justice systems across the globe. With contributions from leading scholars and practitioners in the field, it offers a clear insight into the techniques that are currently in use to answer the pressing questions in criminology and criminal justice. The Encyclopedia contains essential information from a diverse pool of authors about research designs grounded in both qualitative and quantitative approaches. It includes information on popular datasets and leading resources of government statistics. In addition, the contributors cover a wide range of topics such as: the most current research on the link between guns and crime, rational choice theory, and the use of technology like geospatial mapping as a crime reduction tool. This invaluable reference work: Offers a comprehensive survey of international research designs, methods, and statistical techniques Includes contributions from leading figures in the field Contains data on criminology and criminal justice from Cambridge to Chicago Presents information on capital punishment, domestic violence, crime science, and much more Helps us to better understand, explain, and prevent crime Written for undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers, The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice is the first reference work of its kind to offer a comprehensive review of this important topic.
Author : Jeffery T. Walker
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317507010
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)
Download or read book Foundations of Crime Analysis written by Jeffery T. Walker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-12 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the fields of crime analysis and environmental criminology have grown in prominence for their advancements made in understanding crime. This book offers a theoretical and methodological introduction to crime analysis, covering the main techniques used in the analysis of crime and the foundation of crime mapping. Coverage includes discussions of: The development of crime analysis and the profession of the crime analyst, The theoretical roots of crime analysis in environmental criminology, Pertinent statistical methods for crime analysis, Spatio-temporal applications of crime analysis, Crime mapping and the intersection of crime analysis and police work, Future directions for crime analysis. Packed with case studies and including examples of specific problems faced by crime analysts, this book offers the perfect introduction to the analysis and investigation of crime. It is essential reading for students taking courses on crime analysis, crime mapping, crime prevention, and environmental criminology. A companion website offers further resources for students, including flashcards and video and website links. For instructors, it includes chapter-by-chapter PowerPoint slides.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309441129
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Modernizing Crime Statistics written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-06-30 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To derive statistics about crime â€" to estimate its levels and trends, assess its costs to and impacts on society, and inform law enforcement approaches to prevent it â€" a conceptual framework for defining and thinking about crime is virtually a prerequisite. Developing and maintaining such a framework is no easy task, because the mechanics of crime are ever evolving and shifting: tied to shifts and development in technology, society, and legislation. Interest in understanding crime surged in the 1920s, which proved to be a pivotal decade for the collection of nationwide crime statistics. Now established as a permanent agency, the Census Bureau commissioned the drafting of a manual for preparing crime statisticsâ€"intended for use by the police, corrections departments, and courts alike. The new manual sought to solve a perennial problem by suggesting a standard taxonomy of crime. Shortly after the Census Bureau issued its manual, the International Association of Chiefs of Police in convention adopted a resolution to create a Committee on Uniform Crime Records â€"to begin the process of describing what a national system of data on crimes known to the police might look like. The key distinction between the rigorous classification proposed in this report and the "classifications" that have come before in U.S. crime statistics is that it is intended to partition the entirety of behaviors that could be considered criminal offenses into mutually exclusive categories. Modernizing Crime Statistics: Report 1: Defining and Classifying Crime assesses and makes recommendations for the development of a modern set of crime measures in the United States and the best means for obtaining them. This first report develops a new classification of crime by weighing various perspectives on how crime should be defined and organized with the needs and demands of the full array of crime data users and stakeholders.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309054761
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Understanding and Preventing Violence written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By conservative estimates, more than 16,000 violent crimes are committed or attempted every day in the United States. Violence involves many factors and spurs many viewpoints, and this diversity impedes our efforts to make the nation safer. Now a landmark volume from the National Research Council presents the first comprehensive, readable synthesis of America's experience of violence-offering a fresh, interdisciplinary approach to understanding and preventing interpersonal violence and its consequences. Understanding and Preventing Violence provides the most complete, up-to-date responses available to these fundamental questions: How much violence occurs in America? How do different processes-biological, psychosocial, situational, and social-interact to determine violence levels? What preventive strategies are suggested by our current knowledge of violence? What are the most critical research needs? Understanding and Preventing Violence explores the complexity of violent behavior in our society and puts forth a new framework for analyzing risk factors for violent events. From this framework the authors identify a number of "triggering" events, situational elements, and predisposing factors to violence-as well as many promising approaches to intervention. Leading authorities explore such diverse but related topics as crime statistics; biological influences on violent behavior; the prison population explosion; developmental and public health perspectives on violence; violence in families; and the relationship between violence and race, ethnicity, poverty, guns, alcohol, and drugs. Using four case studies, the volume reports on the role of evaluation in violence prevention policy. It also assesses current federal support for violence research and offers specific science policy recommendations. This breakthrough book will be a key resource for policymakers in criminal and juvenile justice, law enforcement authorities, criminologists, psychologists, sociologists, public health professionals, researchers, faculty, students, and anyone interested in understanding and preventing violence.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030947261X
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Modernizing Crime Statistics: Report 2 written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-05-23 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To derive statistics about crime â€" to estimate its levels and trends, assess its costs to and impacts on society, and inform law enforcement approaches to prevent it - a conceptual framework for defining and thinking about crime is virtually a prerequisite. Developing and maintaining such a framework is no easy task, because the mechanics of crime are ever evolving and shifting: tied to shifts and development in technology, society, and legislation. Interest in understanding crime surged in the 1920s, which proved to be a pivotal decade for the collection of nationwide crime statistics. Now established as a permanent agency, the Census Bureau commissioned the drafting of a manual for preparing crime statisticsâ€"intended for use by the police, corrections departments, and courts alike. The new manual sought to solve a perennial problem by suggesting a standard taxonomy of crime. Shortly after the Census Bureau issued its manual, the International Association of Chiefs of Police in convention adopted a resolution to create a Committee on Uniform Crime Records â€"to begin the process of describing what a national system of data on crimes known to the police might look like. Report 1 performed a comprehensive reassessment of what is meant by crime in U.S. crime statistics and recommends a new classification of crime to organize measurement efforts. This second report examines methodological and implementation issues and presents a conceptual blueprint for modernizing crime statistics.
Author : George L. Kelling
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0684837382
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (848 download)
Download or read book Fixing Broken Windows written by George L. Kelling and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1997 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cites successful examples of community-based policing.
