Uncovering Genes Controlling Apple Tree Architecture And Fruit Quality

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Uncovering Genes Controlling Apple Tree Architecture and Fruit Quality

Author : Laura Elizabeth Dougherty
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis Uncovering Genes Controlling Apple Tree Architecture and Fruit Quality by : Laura Elizabeth Dougherty

Download or read book Uncovering Genes Controlling Apple Tree Architecture and Fruit Quality written by Laura Elizabeth Dougherty and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the world population increases, there is a need to produce more food in limited land space. There is a strong need to optimize food production while reducing space, cost and food waste. This can be achieved with high density plantings, automated harvesting and food with longer shelf life. Apples are one of the most widely grown foods in the world and contain necessary nutrients. Apple trees have distinct, naturally occurring growth habits that include standard, weeping and columnar. Understanding the genetic mechanisms behind these growth habits can lead to more trees planted per acre and mechanized harvesting. In this dissertation, weeping (W) was mapped to chromosome 13 and MdLazy1 was identified as a strong candidate gene underlying the weeping growth habit. Genetic mapping within a segregating columnar population revealed two recessive repressors regions of the columnar growth habit. Apple fruit are stored in cold storage after harvest allowing them to be available year round for consumption. A major problem with fruit storage is the softening of fruit over time and a decrease in quality. In this dissertation, alleles of two ethylene synthesis genes MdACS1 and MdACS3a were identified in 952 cultivars. Post-harvest storage studied on 131 cultivars combined with allelic genotypes revealed beneficial allelic combinations of the two genes that reduced fruit soften. Research conducted and summarized in this dissertation addresses apple tree architecture and fruit quality. The genetic regions identified, makers analyzed, markers created and genes characterized increase understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying weeping and columnar growth habit and fruit softening. This research helps address solutions to optimize food production, while also providing fruit breeder's information that can be utilized when creating new superior apple cultivars.

GENOME WIDE MAPPING OF FRUIT QUALITY TRAITS IN APPLE.

Author : Beatrice Amyotte
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis GENOME WIDE MAPPING OF FRUIT QUALITY TRAITS IN APPLE. by : Beatrice Amyotte

Download or read book GENOME WIDE MAPPING OF FRUIT QUALITY TRAITS IN APPLE. written by Beatrice Amyotte and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is an investigation of the genetics of fruit quality in cultivated apple (Malus x domestica). M. x domestica is grown around the world as one of the most popular temperate fruit crop species. Fruit quality is an important trait in apples, and understanding the genetic architecture can accelerate breeding efforts. In recent years, several important quantitative trait loci have been discovered, including genetic regions controlling components of fruit texture, taste and flavour. The objective of this thesis was to identify genetic sources of variation in fruit quality traits with the potential for application in marker assisted apple breeding. This research was necessary to evaluate how previous findings corresponded with variation in genetically distinct apple germplasm, and to determine whether both previously and newly discovered fruit quality loci could be applied to improve the human perception of apple quality. The genetic relationships among 100 diverse apple cultivars were investigated using genotyping by sequencing, and revealed a high level of diversity. Signatures of selection were detected at genomic regions previously found to be associated with fruit quality and adaptation. A genome wide association study of 85 heritage and commercial cultivars detected significant associations with known quantitative trait loci for apple flavour and texture. A novel association for apple texture was detected on chromosome 13. The novel locus could not be validated in two large and diverse apple populations, but remains a strong candidate for use in apple breeding due to its association with the human perception of apple juiciness. The results of this thesis demonstrate the potential for applying marker assisted selection in apple breeding, and for including trained sensory evaluation panels in association studies.

Genetics and Genomics of Rosaceae

Author : Kevin M. Folta
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387774912
Total Pages : 633 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetics and Genomics of Rosaceae by : Kevin M. Folta

Download or read book Genetics and Genomics of Rosaceae written by Kevin M. Folta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-05-28 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book on Rosaceae genomics. It covers progress in recent genomic research among the Rosaceae, grounding this firmly in the historical context of genetic studies and in the application of genomics technologies for crop development.

Genomes 4

Author : T. A. Brown
Publisher : Garland Science
ISBN 13 : 1351851292
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Genomes 4 by : T. A. Brown

Download or read book Genomes 4 written by T. A. Brown and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomes 4 has been completely revised and updated. It is a thoroughly modern textbook about genomes and how they are investigated. As with Genomes 3, techniques come first, then genome anatomies, followed by genome function, and finally genome evolution. The genomes of all types of organism are covered: viruses, bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals including humans and other hominids. Genome sequencing and assembly methods have been thoroughly revised including a survey of four genome projects: human, Neanderthal, giant panda, and barley. Coverage of genome annotation emphasizes genome-wide RNA mapping, with CRISPR-Cas 9 and GWAS methods of determining gene function covered. The knowledge gained from these techniques forms the basis of the three chapters that describe the three main types of genomes: eukaryotic, prokaryotic (including eukaryotic organelles), and viral (including mobile genetic elements). Coverage of genome expression and replication is truly genomic, concentrating on the genome-wide implications of DNA packaging, epigenome modifications, DNA-binding proteins, non-coding RNAs, regulatory genome sequences, and protein-protein interactions. Also included are applications of transcriptome analysis, metabolomics, and systems biology. The final chapter is on genome evolution, focusing on the evolution of the epigenome, using genomics to study human evolution, and using population genomics to advance plant breeding. Established methods of molecular biology are included if they are still relevant today and there is always an explanation as to why the method is still important. Each chapter has a set of short-answer questions, in-depth problems, and annotated further reading. There is also an extensive glossary. Genomes 4 is the ideal text for upper level courses focused on genomes and genomics.

Horticultural Reviews, Volume 45

Author : Ian Warrington
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111943095X
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Horticultural Reviews, Volume 45 by : Ian Warrington

Download or read book Horticultural Reviews, Volume 45 written by Ian Warrington and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Horticultural Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on topics in horticultural science and technology covering both basic and applied research. Topics covered include the horticulture of fruits, vegetables, nut crops, and ornamentals. These review articles, written by world authorities, bridge the gap between the specialized researcher and the broader community of horticultural scientists and teachers.

Temperate Fruit Crop Breeding

Author : Jim F. Hancock
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402069073
Total Pages : 459 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Temperate Fruit Crop Breeding by : Jim F. Hancock

Download or read book Temperate Fruit Crop Breeding written by Jim F. Hancock and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-21 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book fully integrates the conventional and biotechnological approaches to fruit crop breeding. Individual chapters are written on a wide variety of species covering all the major fruit crops in one volume. For each crop, there is a discussion of their taxonomy and evolution, history of improvement, crossing techniques, evaluation methods, and heritability of major traits and germplasm resources. Also discussed are the most recent advances in genetic mapping and QTL (quantitative trait loci) analysis, marker assisted breeding, gene cloning, gene expression analysis, regeneration and transformation. Patenting and licensing issues are also covered.

Structure and Function of Plant Genomes

Author : Orio Ciferri
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468445383
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Structure and Function of Plant Genomes by : Orio Ciferri

Download or read book Structure and Function of Plant Genomes written by Orio Ciferri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the presentations of the principal speakers at the NATO Advanced Study Institute held at Porto Portese, Italy,23 August - 2 September, 1982. This meeting was the third in a series devoted to the molecular biology of plants. The initial meeting was held in Strasbourg, France in 1976 (J. Weil and L. Bogorad, organizers), and the second in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1979 (C. Leaver, organizer). As in these previous meetings, we have attempted to cover the major topics of plant molecular biology so as to promote the integration of information emerging at an accelerating rate from the various sub-disciplines of the field. In addition, we have introduced several topics, unique to higher plants, that have not yet been approached with the tools of molec ular biology, but that should present new and important aspects of plants amenable to study in terms of DNA -+ RNA -+ Protein. This meeting also served to inaugerate the new International Society for Plant Molecular Biology. The need for this society is, like the NATO meetings themselves, an indication of the growth, vitalitv and momentum of this field of research.

The Story of the Apple

Author : Barrie E. Juniper
Publisher : Timber Press
ISBN 13 : 9781604691726
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (917 download)

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Book Synopsis The Story of the Apple by : Barrie E. Juniper

Download or read book The Story of the Apple written by Barrie E. Juniper and published by Timber Press. This book was released on 2009-10-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Story of the Apple reveals the solution to a long-standing puzzle. Where did the apple come from, and why is the familiar large, sweet, cultivated apple so different from all other wild apple species with their bitter, cherry-sized fruits? This book will fascinate gardeners who wish to know more about the origin and natural history of the plants that they grow in their yards or orchards, researchers and students in botany and horticulture who want the evidence from DNA, geology, anthropology, archaeology, zoology, and Classical history, and anyone with an interest in diet, well-being, and the benevolent effects of plants on the emergence of humankind.

Apples

Author : David Curtis Ferree
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 0851995926
Total Pages : 706 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Apples by : David Curtis Ferree

Download or read book Apples written by David Curtis Ferree and published by CABI. This book was released on 2003 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive reference work, summarizing our knowledge of apples and their production worldwide. It includes 24 chapters written by international authorities from the USA, Canada, Europe and New Zealand. The main subjects addressed include taxonomy and production statistics, plant materials, apple physiology, orchard and tree management, crop protection (including organic production), harvesting and handling and utilization. The book will be of significant interest to those working in horticulture and botany.

The Peach

Author : Desmond R. Layne
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1845933869
Total Pages : 679 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (459 download)

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Book Synopsis The Peach by : Desmond R. Layne

Download or read book The Peach written by Desmond R. Layne and published by CABI. This book was released on 2008 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes current state of knowledge in peach botany, production and postharvest management. Specific topics covered consisted of: botany and taxonomy (chapter 1); history of cultivation and trends in China (chapter 2); classical genetics and breeding (chapter 3); genetic engineering and genomics (chapter 4); low-chill cultivar development (chapter 5); fresh market cultivar development (chapter 6); processing peach cultivar development (chapter 7); rootstock development (chapter 8); propagation techniques (chapter 9); carbon assimilation, partitioning and budget modelling (chapter 10); orchard planting systems (chapter 11); crop load management (chapter 12); nutrient and water requirements of peach trees (chapter 13); orchard floor management systems (chapter 14); biology, epidemiology and management of diseases caused by fungi and fungal-like organisms (chapter 15); diseases caused by bacteria and phytoplasmas ['Candidatus Phytoplasma'] (chapter 16); viruses and viroids (chapter 17); insects and mites (chapter 18); nematodes (chapter 19); preharvest factors affecting peach quality (chapter 20); ripening, nutrition and postharvest physiology (chapter 21); and harvesting and postharvest handling of peaches for the fresh market (chapter 22). This book aims to provide research scientists, extension personnel, students, professional fruit growers and others with a vital resource on peach and its culture.

The Grape Genome

Author : Dario Cantu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030186016
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The Grape Genome by : Dario Cantu

Download or read book The Grape Genome written by Dario Cantu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-13 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the current state of international grape genomics, with a focus on the latest findings, tools and strategies employed in genome sequencing and analysis, and genetic mapping of important agronomic traits. It also discusses how these are having a direct impact on outcomes for grape breeders and the international grape research community. While V. vinifera is a model species, it is not always appreciated that its cultivation usually requires the use of other Vitis species as rootstocks. The book discusses genetic diversity within the Vitis genus, the available genetic resources for breeding, and the available genomic resources for other Vitis species. Grapes (Vitis vinifera spp. vinifera) have been a source of food and wine since their domestication from their wild progenitor (Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris) around 8,000 years ago, and they are now the world’s most valuable horticultural crop. In addition to being economically important, V. vinifera is also a model organism for the study of perennial fruit crops for two reasons: Firstly, its ability to be transformed and micropropagated via somatic embryogenesis, and secondly its relatively small genome size of 500 Mb. The economic importance of grapes made V. vinifera an obvious early candidate for genomic sequencing, and accordingly, two draft genomes were reported in 2007. Remarkably, these were the first genomes of any fruiting crop to be sequenced and only the fourth for flowering plants. Although riddled with gaps and potentially omitting large regions of repetitive sequences, the two genomes have provided valuable insights into grape genomes. Cited in over 2,000 articles, the genome has served as a reference in more than 3,000 genome-wide transcriptional analyses. Further, recent advances in DNA sequencing and bioinformatics are enabling the assembly of reference-grade genome references for more grape genotypes revealing the exceptional extent of structural variation in the species.

Domestication of Plants in the Old World

Author : Daniel Zohary
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Domestication of Plants in the Old World by : Daniel Zohary

Download or read book Domestication of Plants in the Old World written by Daniel Zohary and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1988 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this definitive volume, the authors review the origin and subsequent spread of the plants on which Old World food production was founded. Their account is based on the detailed consideration of the plant remains found at archaeological sites and accumulated knowledge about the present-day wild relatives of cultivated plants.

Your Inner Fish

Author : Neil Shubin
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 0307377164
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Your Inner Fish by : Neil Shubin

Download or read book Your Inner Fish written by Neil Shubin and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2008-01-15 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paleontologist and professor of anatomy who co-discovered Tiktaalik, the “fish with hands,” tells a “compelling scientific adventure story that will change forever how you understand what it means to be human” (Oliver Sacks). By examining fossils and DNA, he shows us that our hands actually resemble fish fins, our heads are organized like long-extinct jawless fish, and major parts of our genomes look and function like those of worms and bacteria. Your Inner Fish makes us look at ourselves and our world in an illuminating new light. This is science writing at its finest—enlightening, accessible and told with irresistible enthusiasm.

Horticultural Reviews

Author : Jules Janick
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118060962
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Horticultural Reviews by : Jules Janick

Download or read book Horticultural Reviews written by Jules Janick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-11 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Horticultural Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on topics in horticultural science and technology covering both basic and applied research. Topics covered include the horticulture of fruits, vegetables, nut crops, and ornamentals. These review articles, written by world authorities, bridge the gap between the specialized researcher and the broader community of horticultural scientists and teachers.

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists by :

Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1973-10 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.

Genes, Genomes, and Genomics

Author : D. Thangadurai
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Genes, Genomes, and Genomics by : D. Thangadurai

Download or read book Genes, Genomes, and Genomics written by D. Thangadurai and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Kiwifruit Genome

Author : Raffaele Testolin
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319322745
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis The Kiwifruit Genome by : Raffaele Testolin

Download or read book The Kiwifruit Genome written by Raffaele Testolin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-02 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the basic botanical features of kiwifruit and its wild relatives, reports on the steps that led to its genome sequencing, and discusses the results obtained with the assembly and annotation. The core chapters provide essential insights into the main gene families that characterize this species as a crop, including the genes controlling sugar and starch metabolism, pigment biosynthesis and degradation, the ascorbic-acid pathway, fruit softening and postharvest metabolism, allergens, and resistance to pests and diseases. The book offers a valuable reference guide for taxonomists, geneticists and horticulturists. Further, since information gained from the genome sequence is extraordinarily useful in assessing the breeding value of individuals based on whole-genome scans, it will especially benefit plant breeders. Accordingly, chapters are included that focus on gene introgression from wild relatives and genome-based breeding.