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Unbearable Costs When Is Inflation Impeding Job Creation Evidence From Sub Saharan Africa
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Book Synopsis Unbearable Costs: When Is Inflation Impeding Job Creation? Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa by : Ibrahima Camara
Download or read book Unbearable Costs: When Is Inflation Impeding Job Creation? Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa written by Ibrahima Camara and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-03-03 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covid-19 and war-induced commodity price fluctuations, and broadening price pressures have led to a surge in inflation in many sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. To adjust to increasing costs, firms have resorted to several measures including shuttering offices, reducing businesses, laying off, and freezing hiring, thus putting at risk job creation and raising concerns of youth unemployment. This paper explores the effects of inflation on private employment growth in SSA using a large firm -level dataset from the World Bank’s Enterprise Surveys. We find a non-linear relationship between inflation and job creation in SSA, with job creation being negatively correlated with inflation rate when the latter is above 14 percent. This finding holds regardless of the sector of activities of firms and the exchange rate regime. In addition, the paper finds some differential effects based on the type of products. An increase in fuel prices tends to be more detrimental to job creation than food prices. The study also provides evidence that the state of implementation of structural reforms matters. The results show that inflation reduces job opportunities mostly in countries with bad or no structural reforms.
Book Synopsis Our Continent, Our Future by : P. Thandika Mkandawire
Download or read book Our Continent, Our Future written by P. Thandika Mkandawire and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our Continent, Our Future presents the emerging African perspective on this complex issue. The authors use as background their own extensive experience and a collection of 30 individual studies, 25 of which were from African economists, to summarize this African perspective and articulate a path for the future. They underscore the need to be sensitive to each country's unique history and current condition. They argue for a broader policy agenda and for a much more active role for the state within what is largely a market economy. Finally, they stress that Africa must, and can, compete in an increasingly globalized world and, perhaps most importantly, that Africans must assume the leading role in defining the continent's development agenda.
Book Synopsis Private Sector Job Creation in MENA: Prioritizing the Reform Agenda by : Mr.Benedicte Baduel
Download or read book Private Sector Job Creation in MENA: Prioritizing the Reform Agenda written by Mr.Benedicte Baduel and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-09-27 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the extent to which firms in selected MENA countries reported being constrained by the business environment around the time of the Arab Spring and the extent to which these constraints affected their employment performance. The results suggest that small firms in MENA faced more structural constraints than similar firms in other regions. We also find that MENA firms’ weaker job creation can be explained in great part by the macroeconomic environment and structural constraints. Low GDP growth, falling external competitiveness, corruption, lack of access to finance and poor access to electricity are found to explain a significant part of the lack of employment growth in MENA firms compared to their peers.
Book Synopsis The Demographic Dividend by : David Bloom
Download or read book The Demographic Dividend written by David Bloom and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2003-02-13 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. A new report from Population Matters examines the history of this debate and synthesizes current research on the topic. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right kinds of educational, health, and labor-market policies are in place. The report also examines specific regions of the world and how their differing policy environments have affected the relationship between population change and economic development.
Book Synopsis Safety Net Programs and Poverty Reduction by : K. Subbarao
Download or read book Safety Net Programs and Poverty Reduction written by K. Subbarao and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for social safety nets has become a key component of poverty reduction strategies. Over the past three decades several developing countries have launched a variety of programs, including cash transfers, subsidies in-kind, public works, and income-generation programs. However, there is little guidance on appropriate program design, and few studies have synthesized the lessons from widely differing country experiences. This report fills that gap. It reviews the conceptual issues in the choice of programs, synthesizes cross-country experience, and analyzes how country- and region-specific constraints can explain why different approaches are successful in different countries.
Book Synopsis Confronting Finance by : Nicolas Pons-Vignon
Download or read book Confronting Finance written by Nicolas Pons-Vignon and published by International Labor Office. This book was released on 2012 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unfolding economic crisis has unequivocally proved that neoliberal policies were no better for growth than for social progress. As poverty and inequality are rising to alarming levels in Europe, the old continent seems at a loss to respond. Political leaders seem content to liquidate the social gains made by workers' struggles. A small minority, possibly even smaller than 1 per cent, associated with the financial sector, stands to benefit from a deepening of neoliberalism. This new anthology of essays from the Global Labour Column explores Europe's turmoil and challenges the deep-rooted consequences of neoliberalism in the North and the South. It sheds light on new movements and ideas which are emerging to defend and mobilise workers, and points to encouraging new policies and directions which could lay the foundations of a new order that would put decent work and life at its core. A number of these come from the South, from which the North may have much to learn. [ILO website]
Book Synopsis External Debt and Capital Flight in Sub-Saharan Africa by : Mr.Mohsin S. Khan
Download or read book External Debt and Capital Flight in Sub-Saharan Africa written by Mr.Mohsin S. Khan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2000-05-12 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mounting external debt and large-scale capital flight have been at the forefront of Africa's economic problems since the 1980s. External Debt and Capital Flight in Sub-Saharan Africa, edited by S. Ibi Ajayi and Mohsin S. Khan, takes a penetrating look at debt and capital flight during the 1990s in Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda. The book describes the size and composition of debt in the selected countries and examines the causes of the debt buildup. It also assesses the extent of capital flight and suggests ways of stemming the flight of financial resources.
Book Synopsis The Challenge of Youth Employment in Sri Lanka by : Ramani Gunatlilaka
Download or read book The Challenge of Youth Employment in Sri Lanka written by Ramani Gunatlilaka and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-05-11 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sri Lanka has long been regarded as a model of a successful welfare state in a low-income setting, yet it has not succeeded in creating a sufficient number of good jobs for the increasing number of young people. Hence, young Sri Lankans perceive their country as an unjust and unequal society, in which mainstream institutions have failed to address inequalities in the distribution of resources, as well as of benefits deriving from economic growth. Against this background, 'The Challenge of Youth Employment in Sri Lanka' aims to identify ways to improve the opportunities available to new job market entrants by addressing existing inequalities and to help young people more fully realize their potentials. Drawing from original research and a review of existing studies, the authors use the 4Es conceptual framework to analyze four key aspects of labor markets employment creation, employability, entrepreneurship, and equal opportunity identifying main issues and results, current trends, and possible new approaches.
Book Synopsis Adjustment with a Human Face by : Giovanni Andrea Cornia
Download or read book Adjustment with a Human Face written by Giovanni Andrea Cornia and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 2002-12-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United Nations. Office for ECOSOC Support and Coordination Publisher :United Nations Publications ISBN 13 : Total Pages :318 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Full and Productive Employment and Decent Work by : United Nations. Office for ECOSOC Support and Coordination
Download or read book Full and Productive Employment and Decent Work written by United Nations. Office for ECOSOC Support and Coordination and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of the dialogues that took place in the Economic and Social Council on the theme of ?Creating an environment at the national and international levels conducive to generating full and productive employment and decent work for all, and its impact on sustainable development. This publication also assesses the progress of the ECOSOC reform and follow up to the 2005 World Summit. It also includes the Secretary-General's report as well as the Ministerial Declaration on the theme of the ECOSOC High-Level Segment of 2006.
Book Synopsis Rigged Rules and Double Standards by : Kevin Watkins
Download or read book Rigged Rules and Double Standards written by Kevin Watkins and published by Oxfam. This book was released on 2002 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical and detailed analysis of inequalities of world trade systems.
Book Synopsis Reducing Inequalities by : Rémi Genevey
Download or read book Reducing Inequalities written by Rémi Genevey and published by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI). This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reduction of inequalities within and between countries stands as a policy goal, and deserves to take centre stage in the design of the Sustainable Development Goals agreed during the Rio+20 Summit in 2012.The 2013 edition of A Planet for Life represents a unique international initiative grounded on conceptual and strategic thinking, and – most importantly – empirical experiments, conducted on five continents and touching on multiple realities. This unprecedented collection of works proposes a solid empirical approach, rather than an ideological one, to inform future debate.The case studies collected in this volume demonstrate the complexity of the new systems required to accommodate each country's specific economic, political and cultural realities. These systems combine technical, financial, legal, fiscal and organizational elements with a great deal of applied expertise, and are articulated within a clear, well-understood, growth- and job-generating development strategy.Inequality reduction does not occur by decree; neither does it automatically arise through economic growth, nor through policies that equalize incomes downward via ill conceived fiscal policies. Inequality reduction involves a collaborative effort that must motivate all concerned parties, one that constitutes a genuine political and social innovation, and one that often runs counter to prevailing political and economic forces.
Book Synopsis The Collapse of Global Trade, Murky Protectionism, and the Crisis by : Richard E. Baldwin
Download or read book The Collapse of Global Trade, Murky Protectionism, and the Crisis written by Richard E. Baldwin and published by . This book was released on 2011-03 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global financial crisis of 2008/9 is the Great Depression of the 21st century. For many though, the similarities stop at the Wall Street Crash as the current generation of policymakers have acted quickly to avoid the mistakes of the past. Yet the global crisis has made room for mistakes all of its own. While governments have apparently kept to their word on refraining from protectionist measures in the style of 1930s tariffs, there has been a disturbing rise in "murky protectionism." Seemingly benign, these crisis-linked policies are twisted to favour domestic firms, workers and investors. This book, first published as an eBook on VoxEU.org in March 2009, brings together leading trade policy practitioners and experts - including Australian Trade Minister Simon Crean and former Mexican President Ernesto Zedillo. Initially its aim was to advise policymakers heading in to the G20 meeting in London, but since the threat of murky protectionism persists, so too do their warnings.
Book Synopsis The Washington Consensus Reconsidered by : Narcís Serra
Download or read book The Washington Consensus Reconsidered written by Narcís Serra and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2008-04-24 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: From the Washington Consensus towards a new global governance / Narcís Serra, Shari Spiegel, Joseph E. Stiglitz -- A short history of the Washington Consensus / John Williamson -- Inequality and redistribution / Paul Krugman -- Is there a post-Washington Consensus consensus? / Joseph E. Stiglitz -- The Barcelona development agenda -- A broad view of macroeconomic stability / José Antonio Ocampo -- The wild ones : industrial policies in the developing world / Alice H. Amsden -- Sudden stop, financial factors, and economic collapse in Latin America : learning from Argentina and Chile / Guillermo A. Calvo, Ernesto Talvi -- Towards a new modus operandi of the international financial system / Daniel Cohen -- The world trading system and implications of external opening / Jeffrey A. Frankel -- The world trading system and development concerns / Martin Khor -- Reforming labor market institutions : unemployment insurance and employment protection / Olivier Blanchard -- International migration and economic development / Deepak Nayyar -- The future of global governance / Joseph E. Stiglitz -- Growth diagnostics / Ricardo Hausmann, Dani Rodrik, Andrés Velasco -- A practical approach to formulating growth strategies / Dani Rodrik.
Author :Department of Economic & Social Affairs Publisher :United Nations Publications ISBN 13 :9789211045871 Total Pages :295 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (458 download)
Book Synopsis Achieving Sustainable Development and Promoting Development Cooperation by : Department of Economic & Social Affairs
Download or read book Achieving Sustainable Development and Promoting Development Cooperation written by Department of Economic & Social Affairs and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of the key debates that took place during the Economic and Social Council meetings at the 2007 High-level Segment, at which ECOSOC organized its first biennial Development Cooperation Forum. The discussions also revolved around the theme of the second Annual Ministerial Review, "Implementing the internationally agreed goals and commitments in regard to sustainable development."--P. 4 of cover.
Author :Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Publisher :World Health Organization ISBN 13 : Total Pages :226 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (129 download)
Book Synopsis AIDS in Africa by : Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS.
Download or read book AIDS in Africa written by Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2005 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents three hypothetical case studies for how the AIDS epidemic in Africa could evolve over the next 20 years based on policy decisions taken today by African leaders and the rest of the world; and considers the factors likely to drive the future responses of African countries and the international community. The scenarios draw on the age-old tradition of story-telling, rather than using data projections, to explore the wider context of the AIDS epidemic, reflecting the complexity of the subject matter.
Book Synopsis Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2016 by : World Bank Group
Download or read book Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2016 written by World Bank Group and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-10-12 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2016 is the first of an annual flagship report that will inform a global audience comprising development practitioners, policy makers, researchers, advocates, and citizens in general with the latest and most accurate estimates on trends in global poverty and shared prosperity. This edition will also document trends in inequality and identify recent country experiences that have been successful in reducing inequalities, provide key lessons from those experiences, and synthesize the rigorous evidence on public policies that can shift inequality in a way that bolsters poverty reduction and shared prosperity in a sustainable manner. Specifically, the report will address the following questions: • What is the latest evidence on the levels and evolution of extreme poverty and shared prosperity? • Which countries and regions have been more successful in terms of progress toward the twin goals and which are lagging behind? • What does the global context of lower economic growth mean for achieving the twin goals? • How can inequality reduction contribute to achieving the twin goals? • What does the evidence show concerning global and between- and within-country inequality trends? • Which interventions and countries have used the most innovative approaches to achieving the twin goals through reductions in inequality? The report will make four main contributions. First, it will present the most recent numbers on poverty, shared prosperity, and inequality. Second, it will stress the importance of inequality reduction in ending poverty and boosting shared prosperity by 2030 in a context of weaker growth. Third, it will highlight the diversity of within-country inequality reduction experiences and will synthesize experiences of successful countries and policies, addressing the roots of inequality without compromising economic growth. In doing so, the report will shatter some myths and sharpen our knowledge of what works in reducing inequalities. Finally, it will also advocate for the need to expand and improve data collection—for example, data availability, comparability, and quality—and rigorous evidence on inequality impacts in order to deliver high-quality poverty and shared prosperity monitoring.
