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Ultrasonic Transducer Arrays For Nondestructive Testing
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Book Synopsis Ultrasonic Transducer Arrays for Nondestructive Testing by : Richard Lawrence Baer
Download or read book Ultrasonic Transducer Arrays for Nondestructive Testing written by Richard Lawrence Baer and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ultrasonic Array Imaging for Non-destructive Testing by : Bruce Drinkwater
Download or read book Ultrasonic Array Imaging for Non-destructive Testing written by Bruce Drinkwater and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays by : Lester W. Schmerr Jr.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays written by Lester W. Schmerr Jr. and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-13 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes in detail the physical and mathematical foundations of ultrasonic phased array measurements. The book uses linear systems theory to develop a comprehensive model of the signals and images that can be formed with phased arrays. Engineers working in the field of ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) will find in this approach a wealth of information on how to design, optimize and interpret ultrasonic inspections with phased arrays. The fundamentals and models described in the book will also be of significant interest to other fields, including the medical ultrasound and seismology communities. A unique feature of this book is that it presents a unified theory of imaging with phased arrays that shows how common imaging methods such as the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT), the total focusing method (TFM), and the physical optics far field inverse scattering (POFFIS) imaging method are all simplified versions of more fundamental and quantitative imaging approaches, called imaging measurement models. To enhance learning, this book first describes the fundamentals of phased array systems using 2-D models, so that the complex 3-D cases normally found in practice can be more easily understood. In addition to giving a detailed discussion of phased array systems, Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays also provides MATLAB® functions and scripts, allowing the reader to conduct simulations of ultrasonic phased array transducers and phased array systems with the latest modeling technology.
Book Synopsis Transducers for Ultrasonic Flaw Detection by : V. N. Bindal
Download or read book Transducers for Ultrasonic Flaw Detection written by V. N. Bindal and published by Alpha Science Int'l Ltd.. This book was released on 1999 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a large variety of transducers are required for the current needs of NDT applications, this book gives a consolidated account regarding the basic principles, applications, advantages and limitations, design considerations, materials and methods used for their evaluation and calibration etc. by the technocrats and professionals involved in ultrasonic NDT.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays by : Lester W. Schmerr
Download or read book Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays written by Lester W. Schmerr and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-17 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes in detail the physical and mathematical foundations of ultrasonic phased array measurements. The book uses linear systems theory to develop a comprehensive model of the signals and images that can be formed with phased arrays. Engineers working in the field of ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) will find in this approach a wealth of information on how to design, optimize and interpret ultrasonic inspections with phased arrays. The fundamentals and models described in the book will also be of significant interest to other fields, including the medical ultrasound and seismology communities. A unique feature of this book is that it presents a unified theory of imaging with phased arrays that shows how common imaging methods such as the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT), the total focusing method (TFM), and the physical optics far field inverse scattering (POFFIS) imaging method are all simplified versions of more fundamental and quantitative imaging approaches, called imaging measurement models. To enhance learning, this book first describes the fundamentals of phased array systems using 2-D models, so that the complex 3-D cases normally found in practice can be more easily understood. In addition to giving a detailed discussion of phased array systems, Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays also provides MATLAB® functions and scripts, allowing the reader to conduct simulations of ultrasonic phased array transducers and phased array systems with the latest modeling technology.
Book Synopsis Ultrasonic Transducers for Nondestructive Testing, by : Maurice G. Silk
Download or read book Ultrasonic Transducers for Nondestructive Testing, written by Maurice G. Silk and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1984-01-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ultrasonic and Advanced Methods for Nondestructive Testing and Material Characterization by : Chi-hau Chen
Download or read book Ultrasonic and Advanced Methods for Nondestructive Testing and Material Characterization written by Chi-hau Chen and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic methods have been very popular in nondestructive testing and characterization of materials. This book deals with both industrial ultrasound and medical ultrasound. The advantages of ultrasound include flexibility, low cost, in-line operation, and providing data in both signal and image formats for further analysis. The book devotes 11 chapters to ultrasonic methods. However, ultrasonic methods can be much less effective with some applications. So the book also has 14 chapters catering to other or advanced methods for nondestructive testing or material characterization. Topics like structural health monitoring, Terahertz methods, X-ray and thermography methods are presented. Besides different sensors for nondestructive testing, the book places much emphasis on signal/image processing and pattern recognition of the signals acquired.
Book Synopsis Ultrasonic Instruments and Devices by : Emmanuel P. Papadakis
Download or read book Ultrasonic Instruments and Devices written by Emmanuel P. Papadakis and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 1999 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic Instruments and Devices examines how years of ultrasound research has led to many practical inventions that are now products of use to ordinary people. Examples of personalized applications include the ultrasonograms of an unborn child, the testing of the parts of an automobile for durability, the electronics which make a cell phone work, and the meter in the gas line leading to a house. Larger concerns, such as safety of aircraft, are also discussed. A chapter is devoted to each major engineering area, and each chapter is written by one or more world-class experts in the particular area covered by the chapter. The characteristic uniting the products presented in this book is the extra effort that has been needed above and beyond research to transform the research results into practical items. One chapter of the book is devoted to essays bringing inventions out of the laboratory and onto the showroom floor. The book holds useful perspectives for entrepreneurs, researchers, managers, and consumers, and may turn out to be especially useful to professors and teachers trying to motivate students. There is some technical information in each chapter, varying from chapter to chapter, as well as a historical background. Key Features * Gives examples of commercial ultrasonic instruments, devices, and systems * Shows benefits for individuals and industry * Provides information on a broad range of ultrasound applications * Presents chapters authored by world's foremost experts in ultrasonic instrumentation, techniques, and technology * Offers historical and theoretical perspectives * Presents unique technology transfer essays
Download or read book Ultrasonics written by Dale Ensminger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-02-21 with total page 904 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updated, revised, and restructured to reflect the latest advances in science and applications, the fourth edition of this best-selling industry and research reference covers the fundamental physical acoustics of ultrasonics and transducers, with a focus on piezoelectric and magnetostrictive modalities. It then discusses the full breadth of ultrasonics applications involving low power (sensing) and high power (processing) for research, industrial, and medical use. This book includes new content covering computer modeling used for acoustic and elastic wave phenomena, including scattering, mode conversion, transmission through layered media, Rayleigh and Lamb waves and flexural plates, modern horn design tools, Langevin transducers, and material characterization. There is more attention on process monitoring and advanced nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT/NDE), including phased array ultrasound (PAUT), long-range inspection, using guided ultrasonic waves (GUW), internally rotary inspection systems (IRIS), time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD), and acoustic emission (AE). These methods are discussed and applied to both metals and nonmetals using illustrations in various industries, including now additionally for food and beverage products. The topics of defect sizing, capabilities, and limitations, including the probability of detection (POD), are introduced. Three chapters provide a new treatment of high-power ultrasonics, for both fluids and solids, and again, with examples of industrial engineering, food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and other process applications. Expanded coverage is given to medical and biological applications, covering diagnostics, therapy, and, at the highest powers, surgery. Key Features Provides an overview of fundamental analysis and transducer technologies needed to design and develop both measurement and processing systems Considers applications in material characterization and metrology Covers ultrasonic nondestructive testing and evaluation and high-power ultrasonics, which involves interactions that change the state of material Highlights medical and biomedical applications of ultrasound, focusing on the physical acoustics and the technology employed for diagnosis, therapy, surgery, and research This book is intended for both the undergraduate and graduate scientists and engineers, as well as the working professional, who seeks to understand the fundamentals together with a holistic treatment of the field of ultrasonics and its diversity of applications.
Book Synopsis Industrial Ultrasonic Inspection: Levels 1 and 2 by : Ryan Chaplin
Download or read book Industrial Ultrasonic Inspection: Levels 1 and 2 written by Ryan Chaplin and published by FriesenPress. This book was released on 2017-05-16 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic testing (UT) has been an accepted practice of inspection in industrial environments for decades. This book, Industrial Ultrasonic Inspection, is designed to meet and exceed ISO 9712 training requirements for Level 1 and Level 2 certification. The material presented in this book will provide readers with all the basic knowledge of the theory behind elastic wave propagation and its uses with the use of easy to read text and clear pictorial descriptions. Discussed UT concepts include: - General engineering, materials, and components theory - Theory of sound waves and their propagation - The general uses of ultrasonic waves - Comprehensive lab section - Methods of ultrasonic wave generation - Different ultrasonic inspection techniques - Ultrasonic flaw detectors, scanning systems, and probes - Calibration fundamentals - General scanning techniques - Flaw sizing techniques - Basic analysis for ultrasonic, phased array ultrasonic, and time of flight diffraction inspection techniques - Codes and standards - Principles of technical documentation and reporting It is my intention that this book is used for general training purposes. It is the ideal classroom textbook. -Ryan Chaplin
Download or read book Ultrasonic Flaw Detection written by and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Closed-loop Finite Element Design of Array Ultrasonic Transducers for High Frequency Applications by : Jeong Nyeon Kim
Download or read book Closed-loop Finite Element Design of Array Ultrasonic Transducers for High Frequency Applications written by Jeong Nyeon Kim and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since Paul Langevins discovery of active sonar in 1917, ultrasound transducers have evolved in multiple forms that include single element, single element on a wedge, single element with cylindrical lens, single element with spherical lens, linear arrays, annular arrays, two- dimensional (2D) arrays, and phased arrays, among others. They have been applied in sound navigation and ranging (SONAR), structural health monitoring (SHM), nondestructive testing (NDT), nondestructive evaluation (NDE), medical/biomedical sensing/imaging, and biometric sensing/imaging. This dissertation focuses on the development of high frequency phased array transducers for two specific applications scanning acoustic microscopy, and biometric imaging for small electronics. Closed-loop finite element studies were conducted in three dimensions using PZFlex, a commercial finite-element method software. A 5 MHz, thickness-mode, linear array for an acoustic microscope, and a flexible 10 MHz, bending-mode, piezoelectric, micromachined ultrasonic transducer (PMUT) 2D array, plus a flexible 38 MHz bending-mode, PMUT 2D array for finger-print and finger-vein imaging, were virtually prototyped and their respective performances were predicted. The scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) has been a well-recognized tool for both visualization and quantitative evaluation of materials at the microscale, since its invention in 1974. While there have been multiple advances in SAM over the past four decades, some issues still remain to be addressed. First, the measurement speed is limited by the mechanical movement of the acoustic lens. Second, a single element transducer acoustic lens only delivers a predetermined beam pattern for a fixed focal length and incident angle, thereby limiting control of the inspection beam. Here, a development of a phased array probe as an alternative is proposed to overcome these issues. Preliminary studies to design a practical, high frequency, phased array, acoustic microscope probe were explored. A linear phased array, comprising 32 elements and operating at 5 MHz, was modeled using PZFlex. This phased array system was characterized in terms of electrical input impedance response, pulse-echo and impulse response, surface displacement profiles, mode shapes, and beam profiles.PMUT using lead-zirconate-titanate, PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PZT), thin films are currently being investigated for miniaturized, high frequency, ultrasound systems, and their microfabrication processes explored. For example, Liu et al. developed a process to remove the PZT from an underlying rigid Si substrate, creating the potential for developing curved arrays [138, 139]. This dissertation aims to improve the design of flexible PMUT arrays by developing 3D models using PZFlex. A 10 MHz 2D array PMUT device, working in 3-1 bending mode, was designed. A circular unit-cell was structured from the top, comprising a platinum (Pt) electrode, a PZT active layer, a bottom Pt electrode and a titanium (Ti) passive layer, all placed concentrically on a polyimide (PI) substrate. The active PZT layer had a diameter of 46 m and a thickness of 1 m. The passive Ti layer was 59.8 m diameter and 1 m in thickness. The PI substrate was 20 m thick. Below the passive Ti layer, another 7 m thick PI passive layer and 13 m deep cavity with 46 m diameter was added concentric to the PZT layer. The dimensions were selected to have a resonance frequency at 10 MHz under water load and air backing. The pulse-echo and spectral response analysis of the unit-cell predicted its bandwidth to be 87%. Mode shapes of the unit-cell were modeled to discover undesirable cross coupling to higher modes. A 2D array, consisting of 256 (1616) unit-cells, was created and characterized in terms of pulse-echo response, spectral response, surface displacement profile, cross-talk, and beam profiles.Iterations to find a robust design of the flexible PMUT array with increased resonance frequency and low operating voltage were continued. A PMUT array has to be operated at very low voltage to be embedded and run in small electronic devices, such as smart-phones, and smart-watches. A 38 MHz, flexible, PMUT array operating at 3 Volt peak-to-peak (Vpp) driving voltage was designed. To achieve these goals, a unit-cell, consisting of four 3-1 bending mode diaphragms, were devised. The quad diaphragm unit-cell was structured with 40 m 40 m 500 nm PZT layer on top of 40 m 40 m 1 m Ti elastic layer which had four (22)10 m 10 m 5 m cavities beneath it. The cavities had 11 m of interspacing to next cavities. Four pairs of 10 m 10 m top and bottom Pt electrodes were placed concentrically with the cavities by sandwiching the PZT layer. The top and bottom Pt electrodes had thicknesses of 50 nm and 100 nm, respectively. A PI substrate was placed beneath the Ti layer, surrounding the cavities, with 8 m thick, including the 5 m deep cavities. The pulse-echo and spectral response analysis of the quad diaphragm unit-cell revealed its bandwidth to be 32.2 %. A 2D array was constructed with 1616 unit-cells, consisting of 1024 (3232) diaphragms. This array was evaluated in terms of pulse-echo response, spectral response, surface displacement profile, cross-talk, and beam profiles.
Book Synopsis Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing of Materials by : Karl-Jörg Langenberg
Download or read book Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing of Materials written by Karl-Jörg Langenberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-02-22 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features a comprehensive discussion of the mathematical foundations of ultrasonic nondestructive testing of materials. The authors include a brief description of the theory of acoustic and electromagnetic fields to underline the similarities and differences with respect to elastodynamics. They also cover vector, elastic plane, and Rayleigh surface waves as well as ultrasonic beams, inverse scattering, and ultrasonic nondestructive imaging. A coordinate-free notation system is used that is easier to understand and navigate than standard index notation.
Book Synopsis Advanced Ultrasonic Testing Systems by : H. S. Silvus
Download or read book Advanced Ultrasonic Testing Systems written by H. S. Silvus and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to Phased Array Ultrasonic Technology Applications by : R/D Tech
Download or read book Introduction to Phased Array Ultrasonic Technology Applications written by R/D Tech and published by Québec : R/D Tech. This book was released on 2004 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Testing by : Chunguang Xu
Download or read book Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Testing written by Chunguang Xu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-08-01 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the theory and state-of-the-art technologies of ultrasonic testing (UT), this book examines ultrasonic propagation in solids and its detection applications, and explores the intersection of UT technology with various fields of electromagnetics, optics and physics. UT is one of the most widely used nondestructive testing techniques due to its high performance in terms of detection efficiency and safety. The rapid development of modern industrial products and technologies has created a new challenge and demand for ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology. This book introduces the fundamentals of UT, including sound wave and sound field, interface wave theory and liquid-solid coupled sound field. It then discusses various types of UT methods, ranging from the critically refracted longitudinal wave method to ultrasonic surface wave and ultrasonic guided wave detection methods. Some newly developed UT techniques are also discussed, including phased-array UT, high-frequency UT and non-contact UT. This title will appeal to engineering students and technicians in the field of ultrasonic nondestructive testing.
Book Synopsis Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation Systems by : Lester W. Schmerr Jr
Download or read book Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation Systems written by Lester W. Schmerr Jr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-22 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a systems level approach, this book employs aspects of linear systems theory and wave propagation and scattering theory to develop a comprehensive model of an entire ultrasonic measurement system. This integrated approach leads to a new model-based engineering technology for designing, using and optimizing ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation inspections. In addition, the book incorporates MATLAB examples and exercises.