Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Tuberculosis In Wild And Domestic Animals In South Africa
Download Tuberculosis In Wild And Domestic Animals In South Africa full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Tuberculosis In Wild And Domestic Animals In South Africa ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Tuberculosis in Wild and Domestic Animals in South Africa by : Anita Luise Michel
Download or read book Tuberculosis in Wild and Domestic Animals in South Africa written by Anita Luise Michel and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bovine tuberculosis is an endemic disease with a low prevalence in South African cattle. This is mostly the result of a national bovine tuberculosis control scheme which has been in place for nearly 40 years and has prevented outbreaks from spreading and causing large-scale losses, thereby also minimising the risk in view of human health. However, with the establishment of African buffalo as a successful wildlife maintenance host a new, yet undetermined risk factor has been introduced. It poses an entirely new challenge on national and provincial authorities to meet the 'fit for purpose' principle in terms of reducing economic losses but also the potentially negative impact on conservation efforts and, most of all, to protect human health and livelihoods. There is a need to shift the focus of bovine tuberculosis control from an exclusively cattle based to an integrated strategy, which takes into consideration the wildlife reservoir and the added risk of Mycobacterium bovis transmission between cattle and buffalo populations. In order to justify such a change in strategy, data regarding the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in wildlife reservoirs need to be available to underpin the interdependence of bovine tuberculosis in livestock and wildlife. This thesis describes the establishment of a set of molecular tools for researching the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in both livestock and wildlife and their crucial contribution to insight in the genetic diversity of M. bovis in South Africa. Furthermore it was demonstrated beyond doubt that spillover of M. bovis from cattle to wildlife has occurred and revealed important clues on the course of the epidemic within the Kruger National Park by intra- and interspecies spread of one dominant M. bovis strain.
Book Synopsis Tuberculosis in Wild and Domestic Animals in South Africa by : Anita Luise Michel
Download or read book Tuberculosis in Wild and Domestic Animals in South Africa written by Anita Luise Michel and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bovine tuberculosis is an endemic disease with a low prevalence in South African cattle. This is mostly the result of a national bovine tuberculosis control scheme which has been in place for nearly 40 years and has prevented outbreaks from spreading and causing large-scale losses, thereby also minimising the risk in view of human health. However, with the establishment of African buffalo as a successful wildlife maintenance host a new, yet undetermined risk factor has been introduced. It poses an entirely new challenge on national and provincial authorities to meet the 'fit for purpose' principle in terms of reducing economic losses but also the potentially negative impact on conservation efforts and, most of all, to protect human health and livelihoods. There is a need to shift the focus of bovine tuberculosis control from an exclusively cattle based to an integrated strategy, which takes into consideration the wildlife reservoir and the added risk of Mycobacterium bovis transmission between cattle and buffalo populations. In order to justify such a change in strategy, data regarding the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in wildlife reservoirs need to be available to underpin the interdependence of bovine tuberculosis in livestock and wildlife. This thesis describes the establishment of a set of molecular tools for researching the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in both livestock and wildlife and their crucial contribution to insight in the genetic diversity of M. bovis in South Africa. Furthermore it was demonstrated beyond doubt that spillover of M. bovis from cattle to wildlife has occurred and revealed important clues on the course of the epidemic within the Kruger National Park by intra- and interspecies spread of one dominant M. bovis strain.
Book Synopsis Zoonotic Tuberculosis by : Charles O. Thoen
Download or read book Zoonotic Tuberculosis written by Charles O. Thoen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-02-12 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zoonotic Tuberculosis: Mycobacterium bovis and Other Pathogenic Mycobacteria, Third Edition is a comprehensive review of the state of the art in the control and elimination of infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in animals and humans. This update to the most complete and current reference available on Mycobacterium bovis includes new coverage of the latest molecular techniques; more information on human infection and One Health; updates to the information on the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD), the World Health Organization (WHO), Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), and the United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) National Tuberculosis Eradication Program; and coverage of additional African countries. The Third Edition upholds the book’s reputation as a truly global resource on M. bovis. Written by an international list of tuberculosis experts, chapters cover the status of tuberculosis in many regions throughout the world and deal with issues related to the detection, spread, and control of Mycobacterium bovis, as well as the economic impact of outbreaks. Zoonotic Tuberculosis: Mycobacterium bovis and Other Pathogenic Mycobacteria offers valuable information for public health officials, medical doctors, state and federal regulatory veterinarians, veterinary practitioners, and animal caretakers.
Book Synopsis Tuberculosis in Animals: An African Perspective by : Asseged B. Dibaba
Download or read book Tuberculosis in Animals: An African Perspective written by Asseged B. Dibaba and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-01 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book recounts the biology of M. bovis, followed by the status of bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) in African countries, primarily based on zoonotic and epidemiological field reports. Since the accumulation of data is valueless unless it led to practicable control measures, emphasis is put on locally adapted protocols for future control of the disease. In order to systematically evaluate the knowledge base of bTB, Epidemiologic Problem Oriented Approach (EPOA) methodology was used. The methodology is composed of two triads: i) the problem identification/characterization triad, which is mainly descriptive in nature, and ii) the problem management/solution/mitigation triad, which is mainly geared toward problem management/solution (see figure). The first triad comprises three pillars: i) agent ii) host, and iii) environment and the second one: i) therapeutics/treatment, ii) prevention/control, and iii) health maintenance/promotion. The two triads are linked together by the diagnostic procedure linkage. The systematic and detailed studies of the ‘Host-Agent-Environment’ interactions are the building blocks to the understanding of agent transmission pathways and disease spread. These may include data about the disease status of the country, the nature of the disease agent and its hosts, the modes of transmission, the wildlife reservoirs in nature, persistence of infection, and agent survival in animal products and the environment. The problem identification and characterization triad identifies these interactions. Once a problem has been identified and well understood, the next step is to minimize the risk of transmission and spread of a disease. This area, referred to as problem solution/management triad, consists of problem management alternatives that rely upon prevention/control, and health maintenance/promotion of the disease in livestock, wildlife, and humans with the emphasis on resource-poor, developing countries in Africa.
Book Synopsis Biological Invasions in South Africa by : Brian W. van Wilgen
Download or read book Biological Invasions in South Africa written by Brian W. van Wilgen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access volume presents a comprehensive account of all aspects of biological invasions in South Africa, where research has been conducted over more than three decades, and where bold initiatives have been implemented in attempts to control invasions and to reduce their ecological, economic and social effects. It covers a broad range of themes, including history, policy development and implementation, the status of invasions of animals and plants in terrestrial, marine and freshwater environments, the development of a robust ecological theory around biological invasions, the effectiveness of management interventions, and scenarios for the future. The South African situation stands out because of the remarkable diversity of the country, and the wide range of problems encountered in its varied ecosystems, which has resulted in a disproportionate investment into both research and management. The South African experience holds many lessons for other parts of the world, and this book should be of immense value to researchers, students, managers, and policy-makers who deal with biological invasions and ecosystem management and conservation in most other regions.
Book Synopsis The Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis by : Garry Terrell Stone
Download or read book The Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis written by Garry Terrell Stone and published by . This book was released on 1900 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Global Exposition of Wildlife Management by : Gbolagade Akeem Lameed
Download or read book Global Exposition of Wildlife Management written by Gbolagade Akeem Lameed and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-03-22 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book, Global Exposition of Wildlife Management, covers five research topics connected to wildlife management. From conservation and domestication of species from the wild, the socioeconomic importance of wildlife to Tuberculosis within wildlife species as an emerging health threat for both wildlife and humans. Topics presented also discuss bush-meat utilization and its impact on biodiversity conservation, community forestry management and its role in biodiversity conservation, food and feeding ecology, urban forestry, and integrated island management for ecologically sensitive areas. This book also presents wildlife conservation research using a public aquarium as a case study. Each chapter gives special reference to the prevailing problems in wildlife conservation and hopes to provide possible solutions.
Book Synopsis The Intra- and Inter-population Relatedness of Bovine Tuberculosis-infected and -uninfected African Buffaloes (Syncerus Caffer Caffer) in the Kruger National Park by : Ingrid Rossouw
Download or read book The Intra- and Inter-population Relatedness of Bovine Tuberculosis-infected and -uninfected African Buffaloes (Syncerus Caffer Caffer) in the Kruger National Park written by Ingrid Rossouw and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 2286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is a member of one of Africa's most well known tourist attractions and unique grouping of mammals - the 'big five'. Historical records indicate that during the 19th century approximately 3 million African buffaloes inhabited almost the whole of sub-Saharan Africa. Several factors such as disease, habitat fragmentation, over-hunting and drought reduced the buffalo population to approximately 400 000 by 1990. The African buffalo is host to a variety of sub-acute diseases, such as bovine tuberculosis (BTB), foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and corridor disease (CD). Disease is an important factor which influenced African buffalo populations throughout the continent and more specifically the Kruger National Park (KNP) and is largely responsible for the fact that buffaloes are restricted to enclosed areas with strict regulations imposed on their movement. The social organization of animals influences the distribution and spread of a disease - especially in the case of the African buffalo in the KNP. The emergence of BTB in the largest conservation area in South Africa (the KNP), threatens wild and domestic animals and humans who are in close proximity to the Park. The potential economic losses associated with this disease are excessive. The results presented in this thesis provide baseline information into the genetic status of sampled African buffaloes in the KNP, genetic relatedness between sampled individuals as well as BTB associations between sampled African buffaloes in the KNP, based on a limited dataset of 181 animals. Twelve microsatellite markers were used to evaluate 181 samples which were collected from 39 locations dispersed throughout the KNP. Specific population genetic parameters revealed information based on the intra and inter - relationships at the 'per population' level as well as at the 'per prevalence group' level. Evidence indicates a medium to high level of genetic diversity, a low to medium level of inbreeding (inbreeding coefficient (Fis) for each group ranges between 0.143 and 0.147) and a relatively high level of migration for buffaloes associated with each prevalence group. Pairwise relatedness estimates were determined between individuals, to reveal their level of relatedness (unrelated, full siblings, parent-offspring or half siblings), based on Queller and Goodnight's (1989) coefficient of relatedness. Relatedness was determined on different levels, intra and interpopulation level, BTB infected and BTB uninfected group level as well as prevalence group levels. Evaluation of data based on these different levels and between different groups, painted an overall picture of the disease condition and genetic relatedness within and between sampled BTB infected and BTB uninfected buffaloes. Evidence indicated that the greater majority of our sampled African buffaloes (BTB infected or uninfected), were genetically unrelated (in terms of sibling and parent-offspring relationships), irrespective of their disease status. M. bovis infected buffaloes sampled and used in our study are not more closely related to each other than to uninfected buffaloes in the same population or prevalence group.
Book Synopsis Anthrax in Humans and Animals by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Anthrax in Humans and Animals written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fourth edition of the anthrax guidelines encompasses a systematic review of the extensive new scientific literature and relevant publications up to end 2007 including all the new information that emerged in the 3-4 years after the anthrax letter events. This updated edition provides information on the disease and its importance, its etiology and ecology, and offers guidance on the detection, diagnostic, epidemiology, disinfection and decontamination, treatment and prophylaxis procedures, as well as control and surveillance processes for anthrax in humans and animals. With two rounds of a rigorous peer-review process, it is a relevant source of information for the management of anthrax in humans and animals.
Download or read book Buruli Ulcer written by Gerd Pluschke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major objective of this open access book is to summarize the current status of Buruli Ulcer (BU) research for the first time. It will identify gaps in our knowledge, stimulate research and support control of the disease by providing insight into approaches for surveillance, diagnosis, and treatment of Buruli Ulcer. Book chapters will cover the history, epidemiology diagnosis, treatment and disease burden of BU and provide insight into the microbiology, genomics, transmission and virulence of Mycobacterium ulcerans.
Book Synopsis The Association of Human and Bovine Tuberculosis by : Edward Fletcher Brush
Download or read book The Association of Human and Bovine Tuberculosis written by Edward Fletcher Brush and published by . This book was released on 1898 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis One Health, 2nd Edition by : Jakob Zinsstag
Download or read book One Health, 2nd Edition written by Jakob Zinsstag and published by CABI. This book was released on 2020-09-30 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One Health, the concept of combined veterinary and human health, has now expanded beyond emerging infectious diseases and zoonoses to incorporate a wider suite of health issues. Retaining its interdisciplinary focus which combines theory with practice, this new edition illustrates the contribution of One Health collaborations to real-world issues such as sanitation, economics, food security and vaccination programmes. It includes more non-infectious disease issues and climate change discussion alongside revised case studies and expanded methodology chapters to draw out implications for practice. Promoting an action-based, solutions-oriented approach, One Health: The Theory and Practice of Integrated Health Approaches highlights the lessons learned for both human and animal health professionals and students.
Book Synopsis Diagnosis and Control of Johne's Disease by : National Research Council
Download or read book Diagnosis and Control of Johne's Disease written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-13 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Johne's Disease is a chronic, progressive intestinal disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) that affects primarily ruminant animals. In recent decades there has been growing concern over the lack of effective control of this disease and questions have arisen regarding the possibility that Map infection could be a cause of some cases of Crohn's disease in humans. This report presents a broad outline of the steps that should be taken to control Johne's disease, reduce the spread of Map, and minimize effects of the disease in animals. The report also describes the weaknesses of our current research agenda and provides recommendations for a new research strategy to resolve the question of whether there is a link between Johne's and Crohn's diseases.
Book Synopsis Wildlife Disease Ecology by : Kenneth Wilson
Download or read book Wildlife Disease Ecology written by Kenneth Wilson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-14 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces readers to key case studies that illustrate how theory and data can be integrated to understand wildlife disease ecology.
Book Synopsis Global Tuberculosis Report 2016 by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Global Tuberculosis Report 2016 written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This global tuberculosis report is the first to be produced in the era of the SDGs and the End TB Strategy. It provides an assessment of the TB epidemic and progress in TB diagnosis, treatment, and prevention efforts as well as an overview of TB-specific financing and research. It also discusses the broader agenda of universal health coverage, social protection, and other SDGs that have an impact on health. Data was available for 202 countries and territories that account for over 99% of the world's population and TB cases.
Book Synopsis Animal Diseases in South Africa by : Michiel Wilhelm Henning
Download or read book Animal Diseases in South Africa written by Michiel Wilhelm Henning and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 1264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Africa - clinic - epizootics.
Book Synopsis Diseases at the Wildlife - Livestock Interface by : Joaquín Vicente
Download or read book Diseases at the Wildlife - Livestock Interface written by Joaquín Vicente and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-29 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shared diseases among wildlife, livestock and humans, often transboundary, are relevant to public health and global economy, as being highlighted currently relative to the global COVID19 pandemic. Diseases at these interfaces also impact the conservation of biodiversity and must be considered when managing wildlife. While wildlife and domestic livestock have coexisted in dynamic systems for thousands of years, spillover disease risks are higher today than in the past due to global patterns of increasing close contact and interactions among wildlife, livestock and humans in the context of complex, diverse and numerous circumstances. Multidisciplinary studies of animal interfaces, especially those involving wildlife, therefore, must be brought to the forefront so that knowledge gaps can be realized and filled to inform managers and policy makers. In the first part of the book authors illustrate and discuss ecological and epidemiological concepts related to the interfaces, with a vision towards socio-ecological system health. In addition, the history of past animal interfaces provides the necessary perspective to focus current questions, better understand present situations, and informs how we can best approach the future. The second part discusses the myriad of similar and differing wildlife- livestock interfaces found around the world from a regional point of view. The third part focuses on how to assess the spatial and temporal overlap between livestock and wildlife, and authors present new technical innovations about how inter-transmissions between wild and domestic populations can be quantified. An overview of main modeling approaches available to quantify multi-host disease transmission at the wildlife/livestock interface, illustrated with specific-case studies, is also presented. Finally, the need for interdisciplinary approaches and a dedicated thematic field to approach the wildlife/livestock interfaces and create opportunities to promote wildlife–livestock coexistence is emphasized. The concluding chapter presents perspectives and directions to better understanding disease dynamics at the wildlife/livestock interface, global change and implications for the future. The changing distribution of interfaces, ongoing human and environmental changes (e. g. climate warming, changes in animal production systems, etc.) and their likely impacts and consequences for the interfaces and disease transmission processes are all discussed.
