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Trends And Patterns Of Growth Development Achievements Of China And India
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Book Synopsis Trends and Patterns of Growth, Development, Achievements of China and India by : Biswanath Bhattacharyay
Download or read book Trends and Patterns of Growth, Development, Achievements of China and India written by Biswanath Bhattacharyay and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even before the onset of the 2008 global financial crisis and ongoing European debt crisis, much attention has been given to the re-emergence of the Asian giants, the People's Republic of China (PRC) and India. Both countries have attained unprecedented growth and economic development -- PRC and India became the second and fourth largest economies of the world, respectively. Moreover, these countries remarkably improved their per capita income as PRC increased its per capita GDP by 13-fold from US$341 in 1990 to US$4,421 in 2010 whereas India posted a four times growth from US$384 in 1990 to US$1,342 in 2010. This has resulted in a remarkable poverty reduction in the last two to three decades in the two economies. PRC and India share several common characteristics, prospects and challenges. However, their approaches to growth and development as well as growth models have been different. The major objective of this paper is to compare the policies, institutions, strategies, reforms and market conditions that contributed to the rapid growth and development of the PRC and India which can provide lessons to the developing world, particularly emerging economies, that are also struggling to improve their economic development and quality of life amidst economic growth. This paper attempts to examine the differences between PRC and India in terms of trends and patterns of growth and development, economic models, sources and drivers of growth; achievements, policies and institutions since last three decades.
Book Synopsis China’s Grand Strategy by : Andrew Scobell
Download or read book China’s Grand Strategy written by Andrew Scobell and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2020-07-27 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To explore what extended competition between the United States and China might entail out to 2050, the authors of this report identified and characterized China’s grand strategy, analyzed its component national strategies (diplomacy, economics, science and technology, and military affairs), and assessed how successful China might be at implementing these over the next three decades.
Book Synopsis The Rise of China and India by : A. Santos-Paulino
Download or read book The Rise of China and India written by A. Santos-Paulino and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-10-13 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a timely addition to the emerging literature on the rise of China and India, focusing on how rapid economic growth and geopolitical changes in these countries are reshaping the world economy and global governance. It covers issues such as productivity, labor market, trade competition, and energy.
Book Synopsis Perspectives on the Economic and Human Development of India and China by : Amartya Sen
Download or read book Perspectives on the Economic and Human Development of India and China written by Amartya Sen and published by Universitätsverlag Göttingen. This book was released on 2006 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Congressional Research Service Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781976466953 Total Pages :52 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (669 download)
Book Synopsis China's Economic Rise by : Congressional Research Service
Download or read book China's Economic Rise written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-09-17 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to the initiation of economic reforms and trade liberalization 36 years ago, China maintained policies that kept the economy very poor, stagnant, centrally-controlled, vastly inefficient, and relatively isolated from the global economy. Since opening up to foreign trade and investment and implementing free market reforms in 1979, China has been among the world's fastest-growing economies, with real annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaging nearly 10% through 2016. In recent years, China has emerged as a major global economic power. It is now the world's largest economy (on a purchasing power parity basis), manufacturer, merchandise trader, and holder of foreign exchange reserves.The global economic crisis that began in 2008 greatly affected China's economy. China's exports, imports, and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows declined, GDP growth slowed, and millions of Chinese workers reportedly lost their jobs. The Chinese government responded by implementing a $586 billion economic stimulus package and loosening monetary policies to increase bank lending. Such policies enabled China to effectively weather the effects of the sharp global fall in demand for Chinese products, but may have contributed to overcapacity in several industries and increased debt by Chinese firms and local government. China's economy has slowed in recent years. Real GDP growth has slowed in each of the past six years, dropping from 10.6% in 2010 to 6.7% in 2016, and is projected to slow to 5.7% by 2022.The Chinese government has attempted to steer the economy to a "new normal" of slower, but more stable and sustainable, economic growth. Yet, concerns have deepened in recent years over the health of the Chinese economy. On August 11, 2015, the Chinese government announced that the daily reference rate of the renminbi (RMB) would become more "market-oriented." Over the next three days, the RMB depreciated against the dollar and led to charges that China's goal was to boost exports to help stimulate the economy (which some suspect is in worse shape than indicated by official Chinese economic statistics). Concerns over the state of the Chinese economy appear to have often contributed to volatility in global stock indexes in recent years.The ability of China to maintain a rapidly growing economy in the long run will likely depend largely on the ability of the Chinese government to implement comprehensive economic reforms that more quickly hasten China's transition to a free market economy; rebalance the Chinese economy by making consumer demand, rather than exporting and fixed investment, the main engine of economic growth; boost productivity and innovation; address growing income disparities; and enhance environmental protection. The Chinese government has acknowledged that its current economic growth model needs to be altered and has announced several initiatives to address various economic challenges. In November 2013, the Communist Party of China held the Third Plenum of its 18th Party Congress, which outlined a number of broad policy reforms to boost competition and economic efficiency. For example, the communique stated that the market would now play a "decisive" role in allocating resources in the economy. At the same time, however, the communique emphasized the continued important role of the state sector in China's economy. In addition, many foreign firms have complained that the business climate in China has worsened in recent years. Thus, it remains unclear how committed the Chinese government is to implementing new comprehensive economic reforms.China's economic rise has significant implications for the United States and hence is of major interest to Congress. This report provides background on China's economic rise; describes its current economic structure; identifies the challenges China faces to maintain economic growth; and discusses the challenges, opportunities, and implications of China's economic rise.
Book Synopsis Emerging Giants by : Barry Eichengreen
Download or read book Emerging Giants written by Barry Eichengreen and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-04-29 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China and India are the two most populous countries in the world and now also two of the fastest growing. By sheer virtue of the fact that China and India are home to 2.4 billion people - two-fifths of the world's population - the rapid growth of their economies has far-reaching implications not just for global living standards and poverty reduction but also for competitiveness and distribution of income in the rest of the world. Commensurate with their economic progress, there has been a surge of interest in the nature and implications of China and India's economic growth. There are several apparent similarities in the development process of China and India: both are home to ancient civilizations that have bequeathed distinctive attitudes, institutions, and traditions. Both have very large populations. Both have performed well economically for more than two decades. However there are important differences that can be seen beneath the surface. China started the current reform process in 1978 - that is, almost fifteen years before India. The two countries have very different political systems. Their development models differ fundamentally as well. China has opened up much more than India to foreign trade and foreign direct investment, while India has a better developed banking system. Growth in the two countries has been driven by different sectors - Chinese growth by manufacturing and Indian growth by services. This volume brings together some of the best research on issues related to the growth experience of China and India and places these issues in a comparative perspective. It contains papers written by some of the leading academic and experts in the world on issues ranging from the roles of China and India in the world economy, contrasts in their development experience, and challenges to sustaining growth.
Book Synopsis Growth, Reforms and Inequality by : Sanjay Ruparelia
Download or read book Growth, Reforms and Inequality written by Sanjay Ruparelia and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid increase in economic inequality in India and China, in a period of surging aggregate growth and their increasingly critical influence in shaping the global political economy, is a crucial yet unusual example of the 'Politics in Hard Times'. It demonstrates that national economic prosperity, in a global context of decelerating economic growth, may nevertheless create its own hard times. “Growth, Reforms and Inequality: India and China since the 1980s” is part of an interdisciplinary co-authored project that investigates this important phenomenon.Since 1980, India and China have been the two fastest growing economies in the world. Both countries have witnessed remarkable transformations in the wake of concerted neo-liberal reforms, especially since the late 1980s, which have unleashed aggregate growth, encouraged structural diversification and shifted the balance of power between and amongst state institutions and social forces in their respective political economies. Yet both India and China have also witnessed rising economic inequalities in this period in terms of income and consumption patterns, not to mention other measures of social welfare. These increasing disparities have caused rising social discontent, political opposition and increasingly violent protest. The phenomenon of growing economic inequality amidst national economic booms has compelled both national governments to introduce a variety of political, institutional and policy measures.This paper seeks to describe, explain and assess these world significant trends. The first section examines trends in patterns of income and consumption in India and China since the late 1980s on the basis of new statistical data that allows inter-country comparison, something which has been largely neglected in studies of inequality in India and China to date. The second section considers possible rival explanations for these patterns by assessing the relative merit of leading economic, political and sociological theories. The last section (still to be written) examines the range of responses by New Delhi and Beijing to these challenges, assesses the impact of their different political regimes and considers what might be learned from their respective experiences.
Book Synopsis Development Centre Studies Chinese Economic Performance in the Long Run by : Maddison Angus
Download or read book Development Centre Studies Chinese Economic Performance in the Long Run written by Maddison Angus and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1998-09-25 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study provides a major reassessment of the scale and scope of China’s resurgence over the past half century, employing quantitative measurement techniques which are standard practice in OECD countries, but which have not hitherto been available for China.
Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council
Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Book Synopsis Resurging Asian Giants by : Klaus Gerhaeusser
Download or read book Resurging Asian Giants written by Klaus Gerhaeusser and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2010-07-01 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economies of the People's Republic of China and India have seen dramatic growth in recent years. As their respective successes continue to reshape the world's economic landscape, noted Chinese and Indian scholars have studied the two countries' development paths, in particular their rich and diverse experiences in such areas as education, information technology, local entrepreneurship, capital markets, macroeconomic management, foreign direct investment, and state-owned enterprise reforms. Drawing on these studies, ADB has produced a timely collection of lessons learned that serves as a valuable refresher on the challenges and opportunities ahead for developing economies, especially those in Asia and the Pacific.
Book Synopsis Development Patterns and Institutional Structures: China and India by :
Download or read book Development Patterns and Institutional Structures: China and India written by and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 1995 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributed research papers.
Book Synopsis The Dragon and the Elephant by : Ashok Gulati
Download or read book The Dragon and the Elephant written by Ashok Gulati and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 2007-11-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China and India are the most extraordinary economic success stories of the developing world. Both nations’ economies have grown dramatically over the past few decades, elevating them from two of the world’s poorest countries into projected economic superpowers. As a result, the numbers of Chinese and Indians living in poverty have rapidly fallen and per capita incomes in China and India have quadrupled and doubled, respectively. This book investigates the reasons for these staggering accomplishments and the lessons that can be applied both to other developing nations and to the problem of poverty that remains in these two countries. The contributors pay particular attention to agriculture and the rural economy, examining how initial conditions and investments and the prioritization and sequencing of different policies and strategies have led to successes, and how the agricultural and rural sectors connect to overall economic expansion. They also emphasize the importance of anti-poverty programs and safety nets in helping poor people escape poverty. The book offers a set of policy and strategic options for future growth and poverty reduction. These include setting the right priorities for public spending, identifying trade and market reforms, building social safety nets for the poorest of the poor, and building accountable institutions that can provide public goods and services effectively. The book concludes by examining future challenges to China and India’s economic development, such as the need to ensure growth that is sustainable, equitable, and environmentally friendly. The Dragon and the Elephant offers valuable insights to development specialists anxious to multiply the benefits experienced by two of the greatest economic successes in recent times.
Author :Commission on Growth and Development Publisher :World Bank Publications ISBN 13 :0821374923 Total Pages :198 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (213 download)
Book Synopsis The Growth Report by : Commission on Growth and Development
Download or read book The Growth Report written by Commission on Growth and Development and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-07-23 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The result of two years work by 19 experienced policymakers and two Nobel prize-winning economists, 'The Growth Report' is the most complete analysis to date of the ingredients which, if used in the right country-specific recipe, can deliver growth and help lift populations out of poverty.
Book Synopsis China¿s Economic Conditions by : Wayne M. Morrison
Download or read book China¿s Economic Conditions written by Wayne M. Morrison and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the initiation of economic reforms and trade liberalization 30 years ago, China has been one of the world¿s fastest-growing economies and has emerged as a major economic and trade power. China¿s economy and economic policies are of major concern to many U.S. policymakers. Contents of this report: Most Recent Developments; An Overview of China¿s Economic Development; Measuring the Size of China¿s Economy; Foreign Direct Investment in China; China¿s Trade Patterns; China¿s Growing Overseas Direct Investment; Major Long-Term Challenges Facing the Chinese Economy; Fallout From the Current Global Financial Crisis. Charts and tables.
Book Synopsis China’s Productivity Convergence and Growth Potential—A Stocktaking and Sectoral Approach by : Min Zhu
Download or read book China’s Productivity Convergence and Growth Potential—A Stocktaking and Sectoral Approach written by Min Zhu and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China’s growth potential has become a hotly debated topic as the economy has reached an income level susceptible to the “middle-income trap” and financial vulnerabilities are mounting after years of rapid credit expansion. However, the existing literature has largely focused on macro level aggregates, which are ill suited to understanding China’s significant structural transformation and its impact on economic growth. To fill the gap, this paper takes a deep dive into China’s convergence progress in 38 industrial sectors and 11 services sectors, examines past sectoral transitions, and predicts future shifts. We find that China’s productivity convergence remains at an early stage, with the industrial sector more advanced than services. Large variations exist among subsectors, with high-tech industrial sectors, in particular the ICT sector, lagging low-tech sectors. Going forward, ample room remains for further convergence, but the shrinking distance to the frontier, the structural shift from industry to services, and demographic changes will put sustained downward pressure on growth, which could slow to 5 percent by 2025 and 4 percent by 2030. Digitalization, SOE reform, and services sector opening up could be three major forces boosting future growth, while the risks of a financial crisis and a reversal in global integration in trade and technology could slow the pace of convergence.
Book Synopsis Global Health Risks by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Global Health Risks written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2009-10-28 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is a comprehensive assessment of leading risks to global health. It provides detailed global and regional estimates of premature mortality, disability and loss of health attributable to 24 global risk factors.--Publisher's description.
Book Synopsis Innovative China by : Development Research Center of the State Council
Download or read book Innovative China written by Development Research Center of the State Council and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After more than three decades of average annual growth close to 10 percent, China's economy is transitioning to a 'new normal' of slower but more balanced and sustainable growth. Its old drivers of growth -- a growing labor force, the migration from rural areas to cities, high levels of investments, and expanding exports -- are waning or having less impact. China's policymakers are well aware that the country needs new drivers of growth. This report proposes a reform agenda that emphasizes productivity and innovation to help policymakers promote China's future growth and achieve their vision of a modern and innovative China. The reform agenda is based on the three D's: removing Distortions to strengthen market competition and enhance the efficient allocation of resources in the economy; accelerating Diffusion of advanced technologies and management practices in China's economy, taking advantage of the large remaining potential for catch-up growth; and fostering Discovery and nurturing China's competitive and innovative capacity as China approaches OECD incomes in the decades ahead and extends the global innovation and technology frontier.
