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Author : Jane Maienschein
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (44 download)
Download or read book Transforming Traditions in American Biology, 1880-1915 written by Jane Maienschein and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ronald Rainger
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780813517025
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)
Download or read book The American Development of Biology written by Ronald Rainger and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume represent original work to celebrate the centenary of the American Society of Zoologists. They illustrate the impressive nature of historical scholarship that has subsequently focused on the development of biology in the United States.
Author : Philip J. Pauly
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691186332
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)
Download or read book Biologists and the Promise of American Life written by Philip J. Pauly and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explorers, evolutionists, eugenicists, sexologists, and high school biology teachers--all have contributed to the prominence of the biological sciences in American life. In this book, Philip Pauly weaves their stories together into a fascinating history of biology in America over the last two hundred years. Beginning with the return of the Lewis and Clark expedition in 1806, botanists and zoologists identified science with national culture, linking their work to continental imperialism and the creation of an industrial republic. Pauly examines this nineteenth-century movement in local scientific communities with national reach: the partnership of Asa Gray and Louis Agassiz at Harvard University, the excitement of work at the Smithsonian Institution and the Geological Survey, and disputes at the Agriculture Department over the continent's future. He then describes the establishment of biology as an academic discipline in the late nineteenth century, and the retreat of life scientists from the problems of American nature. The early twentieth century, however, witnessed a new burst of public-oriented activity among biologists. Here Pauly chronicles such topics as the introduction of biology into high school curricula, the efforts of eugenicists to alter the "breeding" of Americans, and the influence of sexual biology on Americans' most private lives. Throughout much of American history, Pauly argues, life scientists linked their study of nature with a desire to culture--to use intelligence and craft to improve American plants, animals, and humans. They often disagreed and frequently overreached, but they sought to build a nation whose people would be prosperous, humane, secular, and liberal. Life scientists were significant participants in efforts to realize what Progressive Era oracle Herbert Croly called "the promise of American life." Pauly tells their story in its entirety and explains why now, in a society that is rapidly returning to a complex ethnic mix similar to the one that existed for a hundred years prior to the Cold War, it is important to reconnect with the progressive creators of American secular culture.
Author : Randal L. Hall
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
ISBN 13 : 0813157684
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)
Download or read book William Louis Poteat written by Randal L. Hall and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2014-10-17 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: William Louis Poteat (1856-1938), the son of a conservative Baptist slaveholder, became one of the most outspoken southern liberals during his lifetime. He was a rarity in the South for openly teaching evolution beginning in the 1880s, and during his tenure as president of Wake Forest College (1905-1927) his advocacy of social Christianity stood in stark contrast to the zeal for practical training that swept through the New South's state universities. Exceptionally frank in his support of evolution, Poteat believed it represented God at work in nature. Despite repeated attacks in the early 1920s, Poteat stood his ground on this issue while a number of other professors at southern colleges were dismissed for teaching evolution. One of the few Baptists who stressed the social duties of Christians, Poteat led numerous campaigns during the Progressive era for reform on such issues as public education, child labor, race relations, and care of the mentally ill. His convictions were grounded in a respect for high culture and learning, a belief in the need for leadership, and a deep-seated faith in God. Poteat also embodied the struggle with the intellectual compromises that tortured contemporary social critics in the South. Though he took a liberal position on numerous issues, he was a staunch advocate for prohibition and became a strong supporter of eugenics, a position he adopted after following his beliefs in a natural hierarchy and absolute moral order to their ultimate conclusion. Randal Hall's revisionist biography presents a nuanced portrait of Poteat, shedding new light on southern intellectual life, religious development, higher education, and politics in the region during his lifetime.
Author : Ron Amundson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9781139443425
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (434 download)
Download or read book The Changing Role of the Embryo in Evolutionary Thought written by Ron Amundson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-03-14 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book Ron Amundson examines two hundred years of scientific views on the evolution-development relationship from the perspective of evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo). This perspective challenges several popular views about the history of evolutionary thought by claiming that many earlier authors had made history come out right for the Evolutionary Synthesis. The book starts with a revised history of nineteenth-century evolutionary thought. It then investigates how development became irrelevant with the Evolutionary Synthesis. It concludes with an examination of the contrasts that persist between mainstream evolutionary theory and evo-devo. This book will appeal to students and professionals in the philosophy and history of science, and biology.
Author : Vittorio Hösle
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443868760
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)
Download or read book Dimensions of Goodness written by Vittorio Hösle and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dimensions of Goodness is based on the second conference of the Notre Dame Institute for Advanced Study, whose aim is to bridge the normative and descriptive dimensions of knowledge by bringing in as many disciplines as possible to address fundamental philosophical issues. While the first conference dealt with the elusive topic of beauty, the second addressed crucial issues of ethics. In the first section of this volume, the German philosophers Franz von Kutschera and Markus Gabriel discuss the nature of values and the reasons why we believe that normativity has a place in the world. In the second section, the British historian Jonathan Israel, the American theologian Jennifer Herdt, and the editor of the volume analyse epochal changes in our moral beliefs, due to Enlightenment, Christianity, and the general evolution of moral ideas, which is presented in a way that markedly differs from Alasdair MacIntyre’s famous account. The third section explores both the light that the exact sciences shed on the process of decision making (in the contributions by the Italian neuroscientist Camillo Padoa-Schioppa and the Canadian psychologist Clive Seligman) as well as the ethical challenges that modern science has brought forward in areas such as the responsibility of scientists, bioethics and medical ethics in chapters by the Swiss chemist and Nobel laureate Richard Ernst, the American bioethicist and historian of biology Jane Maienschein, and the American philosopher and legal scholar Anita Allen. The fourth section focuses on specific challenges of our time – the British philosopher Robin Atfield explores the principles of environmental ethics, the Swiss business ethicist Georges Enderle investigates goodness in economy, the Mexican elder statesman (former Secretary of Economy and of Foreign Affairs) Luiz Ernesto Derbez Bautista looks at the challenges of development, and the American legal scholars Steven D. Smith and Mary Ellen O’Connell examine the place of religion in the American constitution and the power of international law in limiting violence respectively. Finally, the last section consists of a chapter by the well-known Chinese intellectual Wang Hui on Lu Xun’s struggle to find a middle way between respect of one’s own tradition and the demands of globalization. There is probably no other volume in which so many different disciplines come together to try to find a convergence of perspectives on basic moral issues. The book will be invaluable to those who believe that goodness is the focal point of most academic disciplines and that academia can find a stronger point of unity in a common reflection on what goodness in various areas means.
Author : Mark V. Barrow, Jr.
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691234655
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)
Download or read book A Passion for Birds written by Mark V. Barrow, Jr. and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-10 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the decades following the Civil War--as industrialization, urbanization, and economic expansion increasingly reshaped the landscape--many Americans began seeking adventure and aesthetic gratification through avian pursuits. By the turn of the century, hundreds of thousands of middle-and upper-class devotees were rushing to join Audubon societies, purchase field guides, and keep records of the species they encountered in the wild. Mark Barrow vividly reconstructs this story not only through the experiences of birdwatchers, collectors, conservationists, and taxidermists, but also through those of a relatively new breed of bird enthusiast: the technically oriented ornithologist. In exploring how ornithologists struggled to forge a discipline and profession amidst an explosion of popular interest in natural history, A Passion for Birds provides the first book-length history of American ornithology from the death of John James Audubon to the Second World War. Barrow shows how efforts to form a scientific community distinct from popular birders met with only partial success. The founding of the American Ornithologists' Union in 1883 and the subsequent expansion of formal educational and employment opportunities in ornithology marked important milestones in this campaign. Yet by the middle of the twentieth century, when ornithology had finally achieved the status of a modern profession, its practitioners remained dependent on the services of birdwatchers and other amateur enthusiasts. Environmental issues also loom large in Barrow's account as he traces areas of both cooperation and conflict between ornithologists and wildlife conservationists. Recounting a colorful story based on the interactions among a wide variety of bird-lovers, this book will interest historians of science, environmental historians, ornithologists, birdwatchers, and anyone curious about the historical roots of today's birding boom.
Author : Lynn Morgan
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520260449
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Icons of Life written by Lynn Morgan and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2009-09-09 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lynn Morgan traces the remarkable story of the human embryo collecting project at John Hopkins Dept. of Anatomy during the early 20th century. She shows how the science of embryology came into existence & how the embryo entered Western culture as an image of 'ourselves unborn'.
Author : Peter J. Bowler
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022636593X
Total Pages : 602 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (263 download)
Download or read book Making Modern Science, Second Edition written by Peter J. Bowler and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-08-17 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new edition of the top-selling coursebook, seasoned historians Peter J. Bowler and Iwan Rhys Morus expand on their authoritative survey of how the development of science has shaped our world. Exploring both the history of science and its influence on modern thought, the authors chronicle the major developments in scientific thinking, from the revolutionary ideas of the seventeenth century to contemporary issues in genetics, physics, and more. Thoroughly revised and expanded, the second edition draws on the latest research and scholarship. It also contains two entirely new chapters: one that explores the impact of computing on the development of science, and another that shows how the West used science and technology as tools for geopolitical expansion. Designed for entry-level college courses and as a single-volume introduction for the general reader, Making Modern Science presents the history of science not as a series of names and dates, but as an interconnected and complex web of relationships joining science and society.
Author : Brian G. Henning
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0739174363
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)
Download or read book Beyond Mechanism written by Brian G. Henning and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2013 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been said that new discoveries and developments in the human, social, and natural sciences hang "in the air" (Bowler, 1983; 2008) prior to their consummation. While neo-Darwinist biology has been powerfully served by its mechanistic metaphysic and a reductionist methodology in which living organisms are considered machines, many of the chapters in this volume place this paradigm into question. Pairing scientists and philosophers together, this volume explores what might be termed "the New Frontiers" of biology, namely contemporary areas of research that appear to call an updating, a supplementation, or a relaxation of some of the main tenets of the Modern Synthesis. Such areas of investigation include: Emergence Theory, Systems Biology, Biosemiotics, Homeostasis, Symbiogenesis, Niche Construction, the Theory of Organic Selection (also known as "the Baldwin Effect"), Self-Organization and Teleodynamics, as well as Epigenetics. Most of the chapters in this book offer critical reflections on the neo-Darwinist outlook and work to promote a novel synthesis that is open to a greater degree of inclusivity as well as to a more holistic orientation in the biological sciences.
Author : Nathaniel Comfort
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300169914
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)
Download or read book The Science of Human Perfection written by Nathaniel Comfort and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-25 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thoughtful new look at the entwined histories of genetic medicine and eugenics, with probing discussion of the moral risks of seeking human perfection
Author : Louis Brown
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521830829
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (38 download)
Download or read book Centennial History of the Carnegie Institution of Washington: Volume 5, The Department of Embryology written by Louis Brown and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifth in a series of five histories of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, offering an exciting exploration of a century of scientific discovery.
Author : Peter C. Holloran
Publisher : Scarecrow Press
ISBN 13 : 081087069X
Total Pages : 696 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)
Download or read book The A to Z of the Progressive Era written by Peter C. Holloran and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2009-09-24 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Progressive Era, the period in the United States between 1898 and 1917, was a time of great social, political, and industrial change. Following the Spanish-American War of 1898, an event that signaled the emergence of the United States as a great power, the country soon was involved in its first overseas guerrilla war, in the Philippines. Vast changes in communications and transportation, immigration and migration patterns, social mores, gender roles, family structure, class structure, work patterns, business methods, education, intellectual life, religion, the professions, technology, science, medicine, and much else were transforming the scope and feel of people's lives and relationships. In many ways what happened in this era set the agenda for the rest of the 20th century. The A to Z of the Progressive Era is the most comprehensive and coherent reference work on the Progressive Era. Through its chronology, introductory essay, bibliography, appendixes, and hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on the key events, people, organizations, and ideas of the period, this resource is a lively, complete, and accessible overview of this significant era.
Author : Jason Scott Robert
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139449958
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)
Download or read book Embryology, Epigenesis and Evolution written by Jason Scott Robert and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-03-04 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, philosophers of biology have tended to sidestep the problem of development by focusing primarily on evolutionary biology and, more recently, on molecular biology and genetics. Quite often too, development has been misunderstood as simply, or even primarily, a matter of gene activation and regulation. Nowadays a growing number of philosophers of science are focusing their analyses on the complexities of development, and in Embryology, Epigenesis and Evolution Jason Scott Robert explores the nature of development against current trends in biological theory and practice and looks at the interrelations between development and evolution (evo-devo), an area of resurgent biological interest. Clearly written, this book should be of interest to students and professionals in the philosophy of science and the philosophy of biology.
Author : Natasha Myers
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 082237563X
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)
Download or read book Rendering Life Molecular written by Natasha Myers and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-27 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are living bodies made of? Protein modelers tell us that our cells are composed of millions of proteins, intricately folded molecular structures on the scale of nanoparticles. Proteins twist and wriggle as they carry out the activities that keep cells alive. Figuring out how to make these unruly substances visible, tangible, and workable is a challenging task, one that is not readily automated, even by the fastest computers. Natasha Myers explores what protein modelers must do to render three-dimensional, atomic-resolution models of these lively materials. Rendering Life Molecular shows that protein models are not just informed by scientific data: model building entangles a modeler’s entire sensorium, and modelers must learn to feel their way through the data in order to interpret molecular forms. Myers takes us into protein modeling laboratories and classrooms, tracking how gesture, affect, imagination, and intuition shape practices of objectivity. Asking, ‘What is life becoming in modelers' hands?’ she tunes into the ways they animate molecules through their moving bodies and other media. In the process she amplifies an otherwise muted liveliness inflecting mechanistic accounts of the stuff of life.
Author : Kate MacCord
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226830500
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (268 download)
Download or read book How Does Germline Regenerate? written by Kate MacCord and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2024-01-09 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise primer that complicates a convenient truth in biology—the divide between germ and somatic cells—with far-reaching ethical and public policy ramifications. Scientists have long held that we have two kinds of cells—germ and soma. Make a change to germ cells—say using genome editing—and that change will appear in the cells of future generations. Somatic cells are “safe” after such tampering; modify your skin cells, and your future children’s skin cells will never know. And, while germ cells can give rise to new generations (including all of the somatic cells in a body), somatic cells can never become germ cells. How did scientists discover this relationship and distinction between somatic and germ cells—the so-called Weismann Barrier—and does it actually exist? Can somatic cells become germ cells in the way germ cells become somatic cells? That is, can germ cells regenerate from somatic cells even though conventional wisdom denies this possibility? Covering research from the late nineteenth century to the 2020s, historian and philosopher of science Kate MacCord explores how scientists came to understand and accept the dubious concept of the Weismann Barrier and what profound implications this convenient assumption has for research and policy, from genome editing to stem cell research, and much more.
Author : Gerd B. Muller
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262342057
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)
Download or read book Vivarium written by Gerd B. Muller and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-10-13 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scientific achievements and forgotten legacy of a major Austrian research institute, from its founding in 1902 to its wartime destruction in 1945. The Biologische Versuchsanstalt was founded in Vienna in 1902 with the explicit goal to foster the quantification, mathematization, and theory formation of the biological sciences. Three biologists from affluent Viennese Jewish families—Hans Przibram, Wilhelm Figdor, and Leopold von Portheim–founded, financed, and nurtured the institute, overseeing its development into one of the most advanced biological research institutes of the time. And yet today its accomplishments are nearly forgotten. In 1938, the founders and other members were denied access to the institute by the Nazis and were forced into exile or deported to concentration camps. The building itself was destroyed by fire in April 1945. This book rescues the legacy of the “Vivarium” (as the Institute was often called), describing both its scientific achievements and its place in history. The book covers the Viennese sociocultural context at the time of the Vivarium's founding, and the scientific zeitgeist that shaped its investigations. It discusses the institute's departments and their research topics, and describes two examples that had scientific and international ramifications: the early work of Karl von Frisch, who in 1973 won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine; and the connection to Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in New York. Contributors Heiner Fangerau, Johannes Feichtinger, Georg Gaugusch, Manfred D. Laubichler, Cheryl A. Logan, Gerd B. Müller, Tania Munz, Kärin Nickelsen, Christian Reiß, Kate E. Sohasky, Heiko Stoff, Klaus Taschwer
